Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development and environmental conservation budget for the 2026-2027 state fiscal year; extends provisions of law relating to certain costs of the department of motor vehicles (Part A); extends the accident prevention course internet technology pilot program (Part B); requires applicants complete a motorcycle rider safety course prior to receiving a class M license (Part C); establishes a pilot program requiring the installation of intelligent speed assistance devices for repeated violations of maximum speed limits in the city of New York (Part D); authorizes for-hire autonomous vehicles outside of New York city; extends provisions of law relating thereto (Part E); creates certain crimes against highway workers and intrusion into a work zone; establishes penalties for such crimes including license suspension (Part F); expands the automated work zone speed enforcement program utilizing photo speed violation monitoring systems to include all New York highways (Part G); extends provisions of law relating to certain tax increment financing provisions (Part H); authorizes the MTA to conduct environmental reviews under SEQRA for the crosstown extension of the Second Avenue subway project in two stages (Part I); enacts the dairy promotion act; enacts provisions related to the marketing of agricultural products in New York state; repeals certain provisions of the urban development corporation act relating thereto (Part J); extends the refundability of the investment tax credit for farmers (Part K); relates to the green jobs-green New York program (Part L); authorizes the New York state energy research and development authority to finance a portion of its research, development and demonstration, policy and planning, and Fuel NY program, as well as climate change related expenses of the department of environmental conservation from an assessment on gas and electric corporations (Part M); requires gas, electric, steam and water-works corporations to provide an executive compensation disclosure (Part N); authorizes the public service commission to establish a multiyear rate plan that sets rates on an annual basis for a period of up to 2 years; makes related provisions (Part O); establishes an energy affordability index; permits the public service commission to implant affordability monitors in certain gas or electric corporations (Part P); prohibits terminating utility service in multiple dwellings (Part Q); makes reforms to the state environmental quality review act (Part R); removes the statutory caps on rebates for certain infrastructure projects and vehicle purchases by municipalities (Part S); extends the effectiveness of certain provisions of law relating to the powers and duties of the dormitory authority to establish subsidiaries (Part T); authorizes SUNY trustees to lease and contract to make land available located on SUNY Farmingdale's campus (Subpart A); authorizes SUNY trustees to lease and contract to make land available located on SUNY Stony Brook's campus (Subpart B); authorizes the commissioner of transportation to transfer and convey certain state-owned property in Suffolk county (Subpart C) (Part U); extends the authority of the New York state urban development corporation to administer the empire state economic development fund (Part V); extends the loan powers of the New York state urban development corporation (Part W); requires synthetic content creations system providers to include content provenance verification on synthetic content produced or modified by a synthetic content creations system that such provider makes available (Part X); enacts the "safe by design act" related to children's online safety; requires every operator in this state to conduct age assurance to reasonably determine whether a user is a covered minor; authorizes parental controls; prohibits features that subvert the purposes of online safety for children (Part Y); prohibits advertising former prices unless such former price is the actual, bona fide price of the product for which the retail seller offered to the public; provides that violations of such prohibited advertising of former prices shall constitute a deceptive act or deceptive practice (Part Z); enacts the "data broker accountability act"; makes requirements for data brokers to register with the department of financial services; makes related provisions (Part AA); relates to requiring insurers to provide written explanations for premium increases in certain covered policies (Part BB); authorizes an insurer of homeowners' insurance to refile its homeowners' insurance rates if such insurer had an actual loss ratio for each of the previous two calendar years that is below the benchmark loss ratio specified by the superintendent of financial services (Part CC); requires insurers offer at least one discount on certain real property insurance policies and such insurers inform customers of certain discounts (Part DD); places limitations on damages resulting from motor vehicle accidents (Part EE); relates to the timeframe for reporting fraudulent insurance claims and paying claims (Part FF); requires annual reports on insurance for multi-family buildings (Part GG); relates to the annual consumer guide of health insurers (Subpart A); relates to ongoing treatment by an out-of-network provider during pregnancy (Subpart B); relates to accessible formulary drug lists (Subpart C); relates to utilization reviews for treatment for a chronic health condition (Subpart D) (Part HH); provides a premium deduction for motor vehicle liability, comprehensive and collision insurance rates for proof of installation and operation of a dashboard camera (Part II); protects borrowers and cosigners of private student loans by requiring cosigner releases under certain circumstances, certain disclosures, and other protections (Part JJ); relates to extending the policy period for excess profit refunds or credits to motor vehicle insurance policyholders through June 30, 2029 (Part KK); relates to the effectiveness of the New York state health insurance continuation assistance demonstration project (Part LL); relates to certain payments in lieu of taxes collected in connection with leases by Brooklyn Marine Terminal Development Corporation, with respect to parcels located within the Brooklyn Marine Terminal Project (Part MM); authorizes the town of Islip, in the county of Suffolk, to enter into a lease and development agreement to permit a developer lessee to undertake a Long Island MacArthur Airport terminal and rail integration project (Part NN).
STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
S. 9008--A A. 10008--A
SENATE - ASSEMBLY
January 21, 2026
___________
IN SENATE -- A BUDGET BILL, submitted by the Governor pursuant to arti-
cle seven of the Constitution -- read twice and ordered printed, and
when printed to be committed to the Committee on Finance -- committee
discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted
to said committee
IN ASSEMBLY -- A BUDGET BILL, submitted by the Governor pursuant to
article seven of the Constitution -- read once and referred to the
Committee on Ways and Means -- committee discharged, bill amended,
ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee
AN ACT to amend part U1 of chapter 62 of the laws of 2003, amending the
vehicle and traffic law and other laws relating to increasing certain
motor vehicle transaction fees, in relation to the effectiveness ther-
eof; and to amend part B of chapter 84 of the laws of 2002, amending
the state finance law relating to the costs of the department of motor
vehicles, in relation to the effectiveness thereof (Part A); to amend
chapter 751 of the laws of 2005, amending the insurance law and the
vehicle and traffic law relating to establishing the accident
prevention course internet technology pilot program, in relation to
the effectiveness thereof (Part B); to amend the vehicle and traffic
law in relation to requiring the completion of the motorcycle rider
safety course to obtain a motorcycle license (Part C); to amend the
vehicle and traffic law, in relation to establishing a pilot program
requiring the installation of intelligent speed assistance devices for
repeated violations of maximum speed limits in New York City; and
providing for the repeal of such provisions upon expiration thereof
(Part D); to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to allow-
ing for-hire autonomous vehicles outside of New York City; to amend
part FF of chapter 55 of the laws of 2017, relating to motor vehicles
equipped with autonomous vehicle technology, in relation to the effec-
tiveness thereof (Part E); to amend the penal law, in relation to
penalties for violence against highway workers; and to amend the vehi-
cle and traffic law, in relation to license suspension for certain
crimes against highway workers and establishing new penalties for
intrusion into an active work zone (Part F); to amend the vehicle and
traffic law, in relation to expanding the automated work zone speed
enforcement program to include additional New York roadways (Part G);
EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[] is old law to be omitted.
LBD12673-02-6
S. 9008--A 2 A. 10008--A
to amend part PP of chapter 54 of the laws of 2016, amending the
public authorities law and the general municipal law relating to the
New York transit authority and the metropolitan transportation author-
ity, in relation to extending provisions of law relating to certain
tax increment financing provisions (Part H); authorizing the Metropol-
itan Transportation Authority to conduct environmental reviews under
the State Environmental Quality Review Act for the crosstown extension
of the Second Avenue Subway project in two stages (Part I); to amend
the agriculture and markets law, in relation to dairy promotion and
marketing of agricultural products in New York state; and to repeal
sections 16-x, 16-y and 16-z of section 1 of chapter 174 of the laws
of 1968, constituting the New York state urban development corporation
act, in relation thereto (Part J); to amend the tax law, in relation
to extending the refundability of the investment tax credit for farm-
ers (Part K); to amend the public authorities law, the public service
law and the real property law, in relation to the green jobs-green New
York program (Part L); in relation to authorizing the New York state
energy research and development authority to finance a portion of its
research, development and demonstration, policy and planning, and Fuel
NY program, as well as climate change related expenses of the depart-
ment of environmental conservation from an assessment on gas and elec-
tric corporations (Part M); to amend the public service law, in
relation to executive compensation disclosure by gas, electric, steam
and water-works corporations (Part N); to amend the public service
law, in relation to procedures for new rates or charges proposed by
utilities (Part O); to amend the public service law, in relation to
establishing an energy affordability index (Part P); to amend the real
property law and the public service law, in relation to prohibiting
utility service terminations in multiple dwellings (Part Q); to amend
the environmental conservation law, in relation to reforming the state
environmental quality review act (Part R); to amend the environmental
conservation law, in relation to removing the statutory caps on
rebates for certain infrastructure projects and vehicle purchases by
municipalities (Part S); to amend chapter 584 of the laws of 2011,
amending the public authorities law relating to the powers and duties
of the dormitory authority of the state of New York relative to the
establishment of subsidiaries for certain purposes, in relation to the
effectiveness thereof (Part T); in relation to authorizing the trus-
tees of the state university of New York to lease and contract to make
available certain land on the state university of New York at
Farmingdale's campus (Subpart A); in relation to authorizing the trus-
tees of the state university of New York to lease and contract to make
available certain land on the state university of New York at Stony
Brook's campus (Subpart B); and in relation to authorizing the commis-
sioner of transportation to transfer and convey certain state-owned
real property in the town of Babylon, county of Suffolk (Subpart C)
(Part U); to amend the New York state urban development corporation
act, in relation to extending the authority of the New York state
urban development corporation to administer the empire state economic
development fund (Part V); to amend chapter 393 of the laws of 1994,
amending the New York state urban development corporation act, relat-
ing to the powers of the New York state urban development corporation
to make loans, in relation to extending loan powers (Part W); to amend
the general business law, in relation to requiring synthetic content
creations system providers to include provenance data on synthetic
content produced or modified by a synthetic content creations system
S. 9008--A 3 A. 10008--A
that the synthetic content creations system provider makes available
(Part X); to amend the general business law, in relation to establish-
ing the "Safe by Design Act" (Part Y); to amend the general business
law, in relation to prohibiting advertising of certain former prices
by a retail seller (Part Z); to amend the general business law, in
relation to enacting the "data broker accountability act" (Part AA);
to amend the insurance law, in relation to requiring insurers to
provide explanations for certain premium increases (Part BB); to amend
the insurance law, in relation to the determination of a benchmark
loss ratio for homeowners' insurance (Part CC); to amend the insurance
law, in relation to insurance discounts for real property (Part DD);
to amend the insurance law and the civil practice law and rules, in
relation to motor vehicle accident liability; and to repeal certain
provisions of the civil practice law and rules relating thereto (Part
EE); to amend the insurance law, in relation to the timeframe for
reporting fraudulent claims and paying claims (Part FF); to amend the
insurance law, in relation to requiring annual reports on insurance
for multi-family buildings (Part GG); to amend the insurance law, in
relation to the annual consumer guide of health insurers (Subpart A);
to amend the insurance law and the public health law, in relation to
ongoing treatment by an out-of-network provider during pregnancy
(Subpart B); to amend the insurance law, in relation to accessible
formulary drug lists (Subpart C); and to amend the insurance law and
the public health law, in relation to utilization reviews for treat-
ment for a chronic health condition (Subpart D) (Part HH); to amend
the insurance law, in relation to providing motor vehicle liability,
comprehensive and collision insurance premium deductions for the
installation of a dashboard camera (Part II); to amend the banking
law, in relation to protecting private education loan borrowers and
cosigners (Part JJ); to amend the insurance law, in relation to
extending the policy period for excess profit refunds to motor vehicle
policyholders (Part KK); to amend chapter 495 of the laws of 2004,
amending the insurance law and the public health law relating to the
New York state health insurance continuation assistance demonstration
project, in relation to the effectiveness thereof (Part LL); to amend
the New York state urban development corporation act, in relation to
certain payments in lieu of taxes collected with respect to parcels
located within the Brooklyn Marine Terminal Project (Part ); and in
relation to enacting the "Long Island MacArthur Airport terminal and
rail integration project act" (Part NN)
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-bly, do enact as follows:
1 Section 1. This act enacts into law major components of legislation
2 necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development
3 and environmental conservation budget for the 2026-2027 state fiscal
4 year. Each component is wholly contained within a Part identified as
5 Parts A through NN. The effective date for each particular provision
6 contained within such Part is set forth in the last section of such
7 Part. Any provision in any section contained within a Part, including
8 the effective date of the Part, which makes a reference to a section "of
9 this act", when used in connection with that particular component, shall
10 be deemed to mean and refer to the corresponding section of the Part in
S. 9008--A 4 A. 10008--A
1 which it is found. Section three of this act sets forth the general
2 effective date of this act.
3 PART A
4 Section 1. Section 13 of part U1 of chapter 62 of the laws of 2003,
5 amending the vehicle and traffic law and other laws relating to increas-
6 ing certain motor vehicle transaction fees, as amended by section 1 of
7 part G of chapter 58 of the laws of 2024, is amended to read as follows:
8 § 13. This act shall take effect immediately; provided however that
9 sections one through seven of this act, the amendments to subdivision 2
10 of section 205 of the tax law made by section eight of this act, and
11 section nine of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed on April 1,
12 [2026] 2028; provided further, however, that the provisions of section
13 eleven of this act shall take effect April 1, 2004 and shall expire and
14 be deemed repealed on April 1, [2026] 2028.
15 § 2. Section 2 of part B of chapter 84 of the laws of 2002, amending
16 the state finance law relating to the costs of the department of motor
17 vehicles, as amended by section 2 of part G of chapter 58 of the laws of
18 2024, is amended to read as follows:
19 § 2. This act shall take effect April 1, 2002; provided, however, if
20 this act shall become a law after such date it shall take effect imme-
21 diately and shall be deemed to have been in full force and effect on and
22 after April 1, 2002; provided further, however, that this act shall
23 expire and be deemed repealed on April 1, [2026] 2028.
24 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately.
25 PART B
26 Section 1. Section 5 of chapter 751 of the laws of 2005, amending the
27 insurance law and the vehicle and traffic law relating to establishing
28 the accident prevention course internet technology pilot program, as
29 amended by section 1 of part F of chapter 58 of the laws of 2024, is
30 amended to read as follows:
31 § 5. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after
32 it shall have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed April
33 1, [2026] 2028; provided that any rules and regulations necessary to
34 implement the provisions of this act on its effective date are author-
35 ized and directed to be completed on or before such date.
36 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
37 PART C
38 Section 1. Subdivision 4 of section 502 of the vehicle and traffic law
39 is amended by adding a new paragraph (i) to read as follows:
40 (i) Motorcycle rider safety course. Upon submission of an application
41 for a class M license, the applicant shall submit proof to the commis-
42 sioner of the applicant's successful completion of the motorcycle rider
43 safety course established and administered pursuant to section four
44 hundred ten-a of this chapter. The completion of the motorcycle rider
45 safety course required herein shall supplement, and not substitute, the
46 course requirement of subparagraph (i) of paragraph (a) of this subdivi-
47 sion and shall only apply to class M license applicants who have neither
48 previously held a class M license issued by the commissioner nor a
49 motorcycle license issued in another state as it is defined by section
50 five hundred sixteen of this title.
S. 9008--A 5 A. 10008--A
1 § 2. This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become a
2 law.
3 PART D
4 Section 1. Section 1642 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by
5 adding a new subdivision (c) to read as follows:
6 (c) 1. In addition to the other powers granted by this article, the
7 legislative body of any city having a population in excess of one
8 million, may by local law, ordinance, order, rule, regulation or health
9 code provision establish an intelligent speed assistance device pilot
10 program. The provisions of this subdivision shall apply only to
11 violations committed solely within a city having a population of one
12 million or more.
13 2. For purposes of this subdivision, "intelligent speed assistance
14 device" shall be defined as a device which is installed in a motor vehi-
15 cle and utilizes technology to limit the speed of the motor vehicle
16 based on the maximum speed limits established pursuant to article thirty
17 of this chapter. The technology shall allow for limited further acceler-
18 ation past the speed limit, if necessary, based on traffic conditions.
19 3. Such program may require a person, upon such person's conviction of
20 a determinate number of violations of any provision of section eleven
21 hundred eighty or section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, as
22 determined by such city, and committed within a certain period of time
23 as shall be established by such city, in addition to any other penalties
24 prescribed by law, to install and maintain a functioning intelligent
25 speed assistance device for a mandated period of time in any motor vehi-
26 cle such person owns or operates, as shall be established by such city.
27 4. At the conclusion of the mandated period of time, provided that
28 such person has successfully completed the term of installation with no
29 further violations of section eleven hundred eighty or section eleven
30 hundred eighty-b of this chapter occurring solely within a city having a
31 population of one million or more, notification shall be provided to
32 such person authorizing the removal of such device or devices.
33 5. Any local law, ordinance, order, rule, regulation or health code
34 provision establishing a speed assistance device pilot program shall
35 provide for regulations governing the monitoring of the compliance of
36 persons ordered to install and maintain an intelligent speed assistance
37 device. In addition, such program shall make publicly available:
38 (a) criteria for approval of approved intelligent speed assistance
39 devices which shall include a publicly available list of approved
40 devices and a published list of such approved devices;
41 (b) criteria for the approval of service providers which are qualified
42 to install, service, inspect, and remove approved intelligent speed
43 assistance devices; and
44 (c) a publicly available list of such service providers.
45 6. Imposition of an intelligent speed assistance device shall in no
46 way limit the effect of any period of license suspension or revocation
47 set forth by the commissioner or required under this chapter.
48 7. (a) No person shall tamper with or circumvent an otherwise operable
49 intelligent speed assistance device.
50 (b) No person subject to the requirement described in paragraph three
51 of this subdivision shall operate a motor vehicle without such device.
52 (c) No vehicle owner shall operate, or permit another person to oper-
53 ate, a motor vehicle they own without an intelligent speed assistance
54 device when such vehicle is mandated to have such device.
S. 9008--A 6 A. 10008--A
1 (d) In addition to any other provisions of law, any person convicted
2 of a violation of subparagraph (a), (b), or (c) of this paragraph shall
3 be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
4 § 2. This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become a
5 law and shall expire April 1, 2031, when upon such date the provisions
6 of this act shall be deemed repealed. Effective immediately, the addi-
7 tion, amendment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for
8 the implementation of this act on its effective date are authorized to
9 be made and completed on or before such effective date.
10 PART E
11 Section 1. Section 3 of part FF of chapter 55 of the laws of 2017,
12 relating to motor vehicles equipped with autonomous vehicle technology,
13 as amended by section 1 of part J of chapter 58 of the laws of 2024, is
14 amended to read as follows:
15 § 3. This act shall take effect April 1, 2017; provided, however, that
16 section one of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed April 1,
17 [2026] 2028.
18 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
19 PART F
20 Section 1. Subdivision 11 of section 120.05 of the penal law, as
21 amended by section 2 of part Z of chapter 55 of the laws of 2024, is
22 amended to read as follows:
23 11. With intent to cause physical injury to a train operator, ticket
24 inspector, conductor, signalperson, bus operator, station agent, station
25 cleaner, terminal cleaner, station customer assistant, traffic checker;
26 person whose official duties include the sale or collection of tickets,
27 passes, vouchers, or other revenue payment media for use on a train,
28 bus, or ferry the collection or handling of revenues therefrom; a person
29 whose official duties include the construction, maintenance, repair,
30 inspection, troubleshooting, testing or cleaning of buses or ferries, a
31 transit signal system, elevated or underground subway tracks, transit
32 station or transportation structure, including fare equipment, escala-
33 tors, elevators and other equipment necessary to passenger service,
34 commuter rail tracks or stations, train yard, revenue train in passenger
35 service, a ferry station, or a train or bus station or terminal, or any
36 roadways, walkways, tunnels, bridges, tolling facilities or their
37 supporting systems, buildings or structures; or a supervisor of such
38 personnel, employed by any transit or commuter rail agency, authority or
39 company, public or private, whose operation is authorized or established
40 by New York state or any of its political subdivisions, a city marshal,
41 a school crossing guard appointed pursuant to section two hundred
42 eight-a of the general municipal law, a traffic enforcement officer,
43 traffic enforcement agent, motor vehicle license examiner, motor vehicle
44 representative, automotive facilities inspector, highway worker as
45 defined in section one hundred eighteen-a of the vehicle and traffic
46 law, motor carrier investigator as defined in section one hundred twen-
47 ty-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, motor vehicle inspector as
48 defined in section one hundred twenty-four-b of the vehicle and traffic
49 law, prosecutor as defined in subdivision thirty-one of section 1.20 of
50 the criminal procedure law, sanitation enforcement agent, New York city
51 sanitation worker, public health sanitarian, New York city public health
52 sanitarian, registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, emergency
S. 9008--A 7 A. 10008--A
1 medical service paramedic, or emergency medical service technician, [he
2 or she] such person causes physical injury to such train operator, tick-
3 et inspector, conductor, signalperson, bus operator, station agent,
4 station cleaner, terminal cleaner, station customer assistant, traffic
5 checker; person whose official duties include the sale or collection of
6 tickets, passes, vouchers or other revenue payment media for use on a
7 train, bus, or ferry or the collection or handling of revenues there-
8 from; a person whose official duties include the construction, mainte-
9 nance, repair, inspection, troubleshooting, testing or cleaning of buses
10 or ferries, a transit signal system, elevated or underground subway
11 tracks, transit station or transportation structure, including fare
12 equipment, escalators, elevators and other equipment necessary to
13 passenger service, commuter rail tracks or stations, train yard, revenue
14 train in passenger service, a ferry station, or a train or bus station
15 or terminal, or any roadways, walkways, tunnels, bridges, tolling facil-
16 ities or their supporting systems, buildings or structures; or a super-
17 visor of such personnel, city marshal, school crossing guard appointed
18 pursuant to section two hundred eight-a of the general municipal law,
19 traffic enforcement officer, traffic enforcement agent, motor vehicle
20 license examiner, motor vehicle representative, automotive facilities
21 inspector, highway worker as defined in section one hundred eighteen-a
22 of the vehicle and traffic law, motor carrier investigator as defined
23 in section one hundred twenty-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law,
24 motor vehicle inspector as defined in section one hundred twenty-four-b
25 of the vehicle and traffic law, prosecutor as defined in subdivision
26 thirty-one of section 1.20 of the criminal procedure law, registered
27 nurse, licensed practical nurse, public health sanitarian, New York city
28 public health sanitarian, sanitation enforcement agent, New York city
29 sanitation worker, emergency medical service paramedic, or emergency
30 medical service technician, while such employee is performing [an
31 assigned duty on, or directly related to,] a lawful act related, direct-
32 ly or indirectly, to an employment responsibility, including but not
33 limited to the operation of a train or bus, cleaning of a train or bus
34 station or terminal, assisting customers, checking traffic, the sale or
35 collection of tickets, passes, vouchers, or other revenue media for use
36 on a train, bus, or ferry or maintenance or cleaning of a train, a bus,
37 a ferry, or bus station or terminal, signal system, elevated or under-
38 ground subway tracks, transit station or transportation structure,
39 including fare equipment, escalators, elevators and other equipment
40 necessary to passenger service, commuter rail tracks or stations, train
41 yard or revenue train in passenger service, a ferry station, or such
42 city marshal, school crossing guard, traffic enforcement officer, traf-
43 fic enforcement agent, motor vehicle license examiner, motor vehicle
44 representative, automotive facilities inspector, highway worker as
45 defined in section one hundred eighteen-a of the vehicle and traffic
46 law, motor carrier investigator as defined in section one hundred twen-
47 ty-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, motor vehicle inspector as
48 defined in section one hundred twenty-four-b of the vehicle and traffic
49 law, prosecutor as defined in subdivision thirty-one of section 1.20 of
50 the criminal procedure law, registered nurse, licensed practical nurse,
51 public health sanitarian, New York city public health sanitarian, sani-
52 tation enforcement agent, New York city sanitation worker, emergency
53 medical service paramedic, or emergency medical service technician is
54 performing an assigned duty; or
55 § 2. The penal law is amended by adding a new section 120.13-a to read
56 as follows:
S. 9008--A 8 A. 10008--A
1 § 120.13-a Menacing a highway worker.
2 A person is guilty of menacing a highway worker when they inten-
3 tionally place or attempt to place a highway worker in reasonable fear
4 of death, imminent serious physical injury or physical injury. For
5 purposes of this section, the term "highway worker" shall have the same
6 meaning as defined in section one hundred eighteen-a of the vehicle and
7 traffic law.
8 Menacing a highway worker is a class E felony.
9 § 3. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding three new
10 sections 118-a, 124-a and 124-b to read as follows:
11 § 118-a. Highway worker. Any person employed by or on behalf of the
12 state, a county, city, town or village, a public authority, local
13 authority, or public utility company, or the agent or contractor of any
14 such entity, or a flagperson, who has been assigned to perform work on a
15 highway, public highway, roadway, access highway, or qualifying highway,
16 or within the highway right of way. Such work may include, but shall not
17 be limited to, construction, reconstruction, maintenance, improvement,
18 flagging, utility installation, or the operation of equipment. For
19 purposes of this section, the term "highway right of way" shall mean the
20 entire width between the boundary line of all property which has been
21 purchased, appropriated, or designated by the state, a municipal entity,
22 or a public benefit corporation for highway purposes, all property over
23 which the commissioner of transportation, any municipal entity, or
24 public benefit corporation has assumed jurisdiction for highway
25 purposes, and all property that has become part of a highway system
26 through dedication or use, including any property deemed necessary for
27 the maintenance, construction, reconstruction, or improvement of any
28 highway. Such work may include, but shall not be limited to
29 construction, reconstruction, maintenance, improvement, flagging, utili-
30 ty installation, or the operation of equipment.
31 § 124-a. Motor carrier investigator. Any person employed by the
32 department of transportation who has been assigned to perform investi-
33 gations of any motor carriers regulated by the commissioner of transpor-
34 tation.
35 § 124-b. Motor vehicle inspector. Any person employed by the depart-
36 ment of transportation who has been assigned to perform inspections of
37 any motor vehicles regulated by the commissioner of transportation.
38 § 4. Paragraph b of subdivision 2 of section 510 of the vehicle and
39 traffic law is amended by adding a new subparagraph (xviii) to read as
40 follows:
41 (xviii) for a period of not less than thirty nor greater than one
42 hundred eighty days where the holder is convicted of the crime of
43 assault in the second degree as defined in subdivision eleven of section
44 120.05 of the penal law or assault in the third degree as defined in
45 section 120.00 of the penal law, where such offense was committed
46 against a motor vehicle license examiner, motor vehicle representative,
47 automotive facilities inspector, highway worker, motor carrier investi-
48 gator, motor vehicle inspector, or where the holder is convicted of the
49 crime of menacing a highway worker as defined in article one hundred
50 twenty of the penal law.
51 § 5. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section
52 1221-a to read as follows:
53 § 1221-a. Intrusion into an active work zone. 1. No driver of a vehi-
54 cle shall enter or intrude into an active work zone except upon direc-
55 tion from a flagperson, police officer or other visibly designated
56 person in charge of traffic control or direction from a traffic control
S. 9008--A 9 A. 10008--A
1 device regulating entry therein. For purposes of this section, the term
2 "active work zone" shall mean the physical area of a highway, street or
3 private road on which construction, maintenance or utility work is being
4 conducted, which area is marked by any signs, channeling devices, barri-
5 ers, pavement markings, or work vehicles, and where workers are phys-
6 ically present.
7 2. A violation of subdivision one of this section shall constitute a
8 class B misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than two hundred
9 fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or by a period of
10 imprisonment not to exceed three months, or by both such fine and impri-
11 sonment.
12 § 6. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
13 have become a law.
14 PART G
15 Section 1. Paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-e of the
16 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 1 of part Q of chapter 58
17 of the laws of 2025, is amended to read as follows:
18 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the commissioner of
19 transportation is hereby authorized to establish a demonstration program
20 imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an
21 operator thereof to comply with posted maximum speed limits in a highway
22 construction or maintenance work area located on a [controlled-access]
23 highway (i) when highway construction or maintenance work is occurring
24 and a work area speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraph two of
25 subdivision (d) or subdivision (f) of section eleven hundred eighty of
26 this article or (ii) when highway construction or maintenance work is
27 occurring and other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivi-
28 sion (b) or (g) or paragraph one of subdivision (d) of section eleven
29 hundred eighty of this article. Such demonstration program shall empower
30 the commissioner to install photo speed violation monitoring systems
31 within no more than forty highway construction or maintenance work areas
32 located on [controlled-access] highways and to operate such systems
33 within such work areas (iii) when highway construction or maintenance
34 work is occurring and a work area speed limit is in effect as provided
35 in paragraph two of subdivision (d) or subdivision (f) of section eleven
36 hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when highway construction or
37 maintenance work is occurring and other speed limits are in effect as
38 provided in subdivision (b) or (g) or paragraph one of subdivision (d)
39 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. The commissioner, in
40 consultation with the superintendent of the division of state police,
41 shall determine the location of the highway construction or maintenance
42 work areas located on a [controlled-access] highway in which to install
43 and operate photo speed violation monitoring systems. In selecting a
44 highway construction or maintenance work area in which to install and
45 operate a photo speed violation monitoring system, the commissioner
46 shall consider criteria including, but not limited to, the speed data,
47 crash history, and roadway geometry applicable to such highway
48 construction or maintenance work area. A photo speed violation monitor-
49 ing system shall not be installed or operated on a [controlled-access]
50 highway exit ramp.
51 § 2. Subdivision (b) of section 1180-e of the vehicle and traffic law,
52 as amended by section 2 of part Q of chapter 58 of the laws of 2025, is
53 amended to read as follows:
S. 9008--A 10 A. 10008--A
1 (b) If the commissioner or chair of the thruway authority, Triborough
2 bridge and tunnel authority, or bridge authority establishes a demon-
3 stration program pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, the owner
4 of a vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this
5 section if such vehicle was used or operated with the permission of the
6 owner, express or implied, within a highway construction or maintenance
7 work area located on a [controlled-access] highway, the thruway, Tribor-
8 ough bridge and tunnel authority facilities or bridge authority facili-
9 ties, as applicable in violation of paragraph two of subdivision (d) or
10 subdivision (f), or when other speed limits are in effect in violation
11 of subdivision (b) or (g) or paragraph one of subdivision (d), of
12 section eleven hundred eighty of this article, such vehicle was travel-
13 ing at a speed of more than ten miles per hour above the posted speed
14 limit in effect within such highway construction or maintenance work
15 area, and such violation is evidenced by information obtained from a
16 photo speed violation monitoring system; provided however that no owner
17 of a vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this
18 section where the operator of such vehicle has been convicted of the
19 underlying violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section
20 eleven hundred eighty of this article.
21 § 3. Paragraphs 5 and 9 of subdivision (c) of section 1180-e of the
22 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2 of part Q of chapter 58
23 of the laws of 2025, are amended to read as follows:
24 5. ["controlled-access highway" shall mean a controlled-access highway
25 as defined by section one hundred nine of this chapter under the commis-
26 sioner's jurisdiction which has been functionally classified by the
27 department of transportation as principal arterial - interstate or prin-
28 cipal arterial - other freeway/expressway on official functional classi-
29 fication maps approved by the federal highway administration pursuant to
30 part 470.105 of title 23 of the code of federal regulations, as amended
31 from time to time] "highway" shall mean any real property owned,
32 controlled, or under the jurisdiction of the commissioner, the thruway
33 authority, Triborough bridge and tunnel authority, or bridge authority;
34 9. "photo speed violation monitoring system" shall mean a vehicle
35 sensor installed to work in conjunction with a speed measuring device
36 which automatically produces two or more photographs, two or more micro-
37 photographs, a videotape or other recorded images of each vehicle at the
38 time it is used or operated in a highway construction or maintenance
39 work area located on a [controlled-access] highway, the thruway, Tribor-
40 ough bridge and tunnel authority facility or bridge authority facility
41 in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
42 hundred eighty of this article in accordance with the provisions of this
43 section;
44 § 4. Paragraphs 2, 4, and 6 of subdivision (m) of section 1180-e of
45 the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 2 of part Q of chap-
46 ter 58 of the laws of 2025, are amended to read as follows:
47 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities,
48 injuries and property damage reported within all highway construction or
49 maintenance work areas on [controlled-access] highways, the thruway,
50 Triborough bridge and tunnel authority facilities or bridge authority
51 facilities, as applicable, to the extent the information is maintained
52 by the commissioner, the chair of the thruway authority, Triborough
53 bridge and tunnel authority, or bridge authority, or the department of
54 motor vehicles of this state;
55 4. the number of violations recorded within all highway construction
56 or maintenance work areas on [controlled-access] highways, the thruway,
S. 9008--A 11 A. 10008--A
1 Triborough bridge and tunnel authority facilities or bridge authority
2 facilities, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis to the
3 extent the information is maintained by the commissioner, the chair of
4 the thruway authority, Triborough bridge and tunnel authority, or bridge
5 authority, or the department of motor vehicles of this state;
6 6. to the extent the information is maintained by the commissioner,
7 the chair of the thruway authority, Triborough bridge and tunnel author-
8 ity, or bridge authority, or the department of motor vehicles of this
9 state, the number of violations recorded within all highway construction
10 or maintenance work areas on [controlled-access] highways, the thruway,
11 Triborough bridge and tunnel authority facilities or bridge authority
12 facilities, that were:
13 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the
14 posted speed limit;
15 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the
16 posted speed limit;
17 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the
18 posted speed limit; and
19 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit;
20 § 5. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
21 the amendments made to section 1180-e of the vehicle and traffic law by
22 sections one, two, three and four of this act shall not affect the
23 repeal of such section and shall expire and be deemed repealed there-
24 with.
25 PART H
26 Section 1. Section 3 of part PP of chapter 54 of the laws of 2016
27 amending the public authorities law and the general municipal law relat-
28 ing to the New York transit authority and the metropolitan transporta-
29 tion authority, as amended by section 1 of part I of chapter 58 of the
30 laws of 2025, is amended to read as follows:
31 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that the amend-
32 ments to subdivision 1 of section 119-r of the general municipal law
33 made by section two of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed
34 April 1, [2026] 2036, and provided further that such repeal shall not
35 affect the validity or duration of any contract entered into before that
36 date pursuant to paragraph f of such subdivision.
37 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
38 PART I
39 Section 1. Definitions. Whenever used in this act, the following terms
40 shall have the following meanings:
41 1. "Authority" shall mean the metropolitan transportation authority
42 created by section twelve hundred sixty-three of the public authorities
43 law.
44 2. "125 Street Subway Extension project" shall mean a project within
45 the metropolitan commuter transportation district to be undertaken by
46 the Authority to extend subway service westward from the northern termi-
47 nus of the Second Avenue Subway Phase Two Project to the west side of
48 Manhattan. Such project includes construction of a subterranean tunnel
49 running from 125 Street and Lenox Avenue west along 125 Street past
50 Broadway, and the construction of additional stations, and any ancillary
51 facilities, connecting with north and south subway lines.
S. 9008--A 12 A. 10008--A
1 3. "Subterranean Tunnel Component" shall mean the component of the 125
2 Street Subway Extension Project consisting of construction of a subter-
3 ranean tunnel running from 125 Street and Lenox Avenue west along 125
4 Street past Broadway.
5 4. "Metropolitan commuter transportation district" shall mean the
6 commuter transportation district created by section twelve hundred
7 sixty-two of the public authorities law.
8 5. "Second Avenue Subway Phase Two Project" shall mean a project with-
9 in the metropolitan commuter transportation district, commenced by the
10 Authority as of the effective date of this chapter, to extend the Q line
11 subway into Harlem through construction of two new stations on Second
12 Avenue at 106 and 116 streets and extending Q line subway service to a
13 third new station at 125 Street and Lexington Avenue that will connect
14 to the 4, 5, and 6 subway lines and Metro-North railroad.
15 § 2. The Authority shall conduct the applicable environmental review
16 of the Subterranean Tunnel Component in accordance with the provisions
17 of article eight of the environmental conservation law, provided that
18 such environmental review shall not be required to be conducted concur-
19 rent with, or inclusive of, the environmental review specified in
20 section three of this act.
21 § 3. The Authority shall conduct the applicable environmental review
22 of all other components of the 125 Street Subway Extension project,
23 including construction of the stations and any ancillary facilities, in
24 accordance with the provisions of article eight of the environmental
25 conservation law; provided that such environmental review shall not be
26 required to be conducted concurrent with, or inclusive of, the environ-
27 mental review specified in section two of this act.
28 § 4. (1) The Authority shall not approve, permit, acquire real proper-
29 ty pursuant to the eminent domain procedure law, or undertake any
30 discretionary action required to construct the Subterranean Tunnel
31 Component described in section two of this act, and no agency, as
32 defined in section 8-0105 of the environmental conservation law, shall
33 permit or authorize any activity relating to construction of the Subter-
34 ranean Tunnel Component, until the Authority has completed the applica-
35 ble environmental review required pursuant to section two of this act.
36 (2) The Authority shall not approve, permit, acquire real property
37 pursuant to the eminent domain procedure law, or undertake any discre-
38 tionary action required to construct the other components of the 125
39 Street Subway Extension project described in section three of this act,
40 and no agency, as defined in section 8-0105 of the environmental conser-
41 vation law, shall permit or authorize any activity relating construction
42 of the other components of the 125 Street Subway Extension project,
43 until the Authority has completed the applicable environmental review
44 required pursuant to section three of the act.
45 (3) The preparation of a design or designs shall not be deemed to have
46 prejudiced any decision-making pursuant to article eight of the environ-
47 mental conservation law.
48 § 5. This act shall take effect immediately.
49 PART J
50 Section 1. Article 21-AA of the agriculture and markets law is amended
51 by adding a new section 258-aa to read as follows:
52 § 258-aa. Dairy promotion act. 1. Declaration of policy. It is hereby
53 declared that the dairy industry is a paramount agricultural industry of
54 this state, and is an industry affecting the health and welfare of the
S. 9008--A 13 A. 10008--A
1 inhabitants of the state; that the continued existence of the dairy
2 industry and the continued production of milk on the farms of this state
3 is of vast economic importance to the state and to the health and
4 welfare of the inhabitants thereof; that it is essential, in order to
5 assure such continued production of milk and its handling and distrib-
6 ution, that prices to producers be such as to return reasonable costs of
7 production, and at the same time assure an adequate supply of milk and
8 dairy products to consumers at reasonable prices; and to these ends it
9 is essential that consumers and others be adequately informed as to the
10 dietary needs and advantages of milk and dairy products and as to the
11 economies resulting from the use of milk and dairy products, and to
12 command for milk and dairy products, consumer attention and demand
13 consistent with their importance and value. It is further declared that
14 continued decline in the consumption of fluid milk and some other dairy
15 products will jeopardize the production of adequate supplies of milk and
16 dairy products because of increasing surpluses necessarily returning
17 less to producers; and that continued adequate supplies of milk and
18 dairy products is a matter of vital concern as affecting the health and
19 general welfare of the people of this state. It is therefore declared to
20 be the legislative intent and policy of the state:
21 (a) To enable milk producers and others in the dairy industry, with
22 the aid of the state, to more effectively promote the consumption of
23 milk and dairy products;
24 (b) To provide methods and means for the development of new and
25 improved dairy products, and to promote their use; and
26 (c) To this end, eliminate the possible impairment of the purchasing
27 power of the milk producers of this state and to assure an adequate
28 supply of milk for consumers at reasonable prices.
29 2. Definitions. As used in this section the following terms shall have
30 the following meanings:
31 (a) "Dairy products" means milk and products derived therefrom, and
32 products of which milk or a portion thereof is a significant part.
33 (b) "Producer" means any person in this state who is engaged in the
34 production of milk or who causes milk to be produced for any market in
35 this or any other state.
36 (c) "Advisory board" means the persons appointed by the commissioner
37 from nominations from producers as herein defined to assist the commis-
38 sioner in administering a dairy promotion order.
39 (d) "Milk dealer" means any person who purchases or handles or
40 receives or sells milk, including individuals, partnerships, corpo-
41 rations, cooperative associations, and unincorporated cooperative asso-
42 ciations.
43 (e) "Dairy promotion order" means an order issued by the commissioner,
44 pursuant to the provisions of this section.
45 (f) "Cooperative" means an association or federation or cooperative of
46 milk producers organized under the laws of New York state, or any other
47 state, having agreements with their producer members to market, bargain
48 for or sell the milk of such producers, and is actually performing one
49 or more of these services in the marketing of the milk produced by their
50 members, through the cooperative or through a federation of milk cooper-
51 atives in which the cooperative has membership.
52 3. Powers and duties of the commissioner. (a) The commissioner shall
53 administer and enforce the provisions of this section and shall have and
54 may exercise any or all the administrative powers conferred upon the
55 head of a department. In order to effectuate the declared policy of this
S. 9008--A 14 A. 10008--A
1 section the commissioner may, after due notice and hearing, make and
2 issue a dairy promotion order, or orders.
3 (b) Such order or orders shall be issued and amended or terminated in
4 accordance with the following procedures:
5 (i) Before any such order may become effective it shall be approved by
6 fifty-one per centum of the producers of milk voting in the referendum
7 for the area to be regulated by such order. Such referendum shall not
8 constitute valid approval unless fifty-one per centum of all milk
9 producers for the area to be regulated vote in the referendum.
10 (ii) Producers may vote by individual ballot or through their cooper-
11 atives in accordance with the following procedures:
12 (1) Cooperatives may submit written approval of such order within a
13 period of one hundred twenty days after the commissioner has announced a
14 referendum on a proposed order, for such producers who are listed and
15 certified to the commissioner as members of such cooperative, provided,
16 however, that any cooperative before submitting such written approval
17 shall give at least sixty days prior written notice to each producer who
18 is its member, of the intention of the cooperative to approve such
19 proposed order, and further provide that if such cooperative does not
20 intend to approve such proposed order, it shall likewise give written
21 notice of at least sixty days to each such producer who is its member,
22 of its intention not to approve of such proposed order.
23 (2) Any producer may obtain a ballot from the commissioner so that
24 they may register their own approval or disapproval of the proposed
25 order.
26 (3) A producer who is a member of a cooperative which has notified
27 such producer of its intent to approve or not to approve of a proposed
28 order, and who obtains a ballot and with such ballot expresses the
29 producer's approval or disapproval of the proposed order, shall notify
30 the commissioner as to the name of the cooperative of which the producer
31 is a member, and the commissioner shall remove such producer's name from
32 the list certified by such cooperative.
33 (4) In order to ensure that all milk producers are informed regarding
34 a proposed order, the commissioner shall notify all milk producers that
35 an order is being considered, and that each producer may register the
36 producer's approval or disapproval with the commissioner either directly
37 or through the producer's cooperative.
38 (5) The commissioner may appoint a referendum advisory committee to
39 assist and advise the commissioner in the conduct of the referendum.
40 Such committee shall review referendum procedures and the tabulation of
41 results and shall advise the commissioner of its findings. The final
42 certification of the referendum results shall be made by the commission-
43 er. The committee shall consist of not less than three members, none of
44 whom shall be persons directly affected by the promotion order being
45 voted upon. Two members shall be representatives of general farm organ-
46 izations which are not directly affected by the order being voted upon.
47 The members of the committee shall not receive a salary but shall be
48 entitled to actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance
49 of their duties.
50 (6) The commissioner may, and upon written petition of not less than
51 ten per centum of the producers in the area, either as individuals or
52 through cooperative representation shall, call a hearing to amend or
53 terminate such order, and any such amendment or termination shall be
54 effective only upon approval of fifty-one per centum of the producers of
55 milk for the area regulated participating in a referendum vote as
56 provided pursuant to this paragraph.
S. 9008--A 15 A. 10008--A
1 (c) The commissioner shall administer and enforce any such dairy
2 promotion order while it is in effect, for the purpose of:
3 (i) Encouraging the consumption of milk and dairy products by
4 acquainting consumers and others with the advantages and economy of
5 using more of such products.
6 (ii) Protecting the health and welfare of consumers by assuring an
7 adequate supply of milk and dairy products.
8 (iii) Providing for research programs designed to develop new and
9 improved dairy products.
10 (iv) Providing for research programs designed to acquaint consumers
11 and the public generally with the effects of the use of milk and dairy
12 products on the health of such consumers.
13 (d) Carrying out, in other ways, the declared policy and intent of
14 this section.
15 4. Provisions of dairy promotion orders. Any dairy promotion order or
16 orders may contain, among others, any or all of the following:
17 (a) Provision for levying an assessment against all producers subject
18 to the regulation for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of such
19 order and to pay the cost of administering and enforcing such order. In
20 order to collect any such assessments, provision shall be made for each
21 milk dealer who receives milk from producers to deduct the amount of
22 assessment from moneys otherwise due to producers for the milk so deliv-
23 ered. The rate of such assessment shall not exceed two per cent per
24 hundredweight of the gross value of the producer's milk, and there may
25 be credited against any such assessment the amounts per hundredweight
26 otherwise paid by any producer covered by the order by voluntary
27 contribution or otherwise pursuant to any other federal or state milk
28 market order for any similar research promotion or program. Notwith-
29 standing the provisions of paragraph (b) of subdivision three of this
30 section, the commissioner, upon written petition of no less than twen-
31 ty-five per cent of producers in the area, either as individuals or
32 through cooperative representation, may call a hearing for the sole
33 purpose of establishing a new rate of assessment hereunder and may
34 submit a proposed change in the rate of assessment to the producers for
35 acceptance or rejection without otherwise affecting the order. The
36 producers in the area may vote on the proposed rate either as individ-
37 uals or through cooperative representation. Notwithstanding the forego-
38 ing provisions of this paragraph and of paragraph (b) of subdivision
39 three of this section, or the provisions of any order promulgated pursu-
40 ant to this section, the rate of assessment, for any period during which
41 a dairy products promotion and research order established pursuant to
42 the federal dairy and tobacco adjustment act of 1983 is in effect, shall
43 not be less than an amount equal to the maximum credit which producers
44 participating in this state's dairy products promotion or nutrition
45 education programs may receive pursuant to subdivision (g) of section
46 113 of such federal act.
47 (b) Provision for payments to organizations engaged in campaigns by
48 advertisements or otherwise, including participation in similar regional
49 or national plans or campaigns to promote the increased consumption of
50 milk and dairy products, to acquaint the public with the dietary advan-
51 tages of milk and dairy products and with the economy of their inclusion
52 in the diet and to command, for milk and dairy products, consumer atten-
53 tion consistent with their importance and value.
54 (c) Provision for payments to institutions or organizations engaged in
55 research leading to the development of new or improved dairy products or
S. 9008--A 16 A. 10008--A
1 research with respect to the value of milk and dairy products in the
2 human diet.
3 (d) Provision for requiring records to be kept and reports to be filed
4 by milk dealers with respect to milk received from producers and with
5 respect to assessments on the milk of such producers.
6 (e) Provision for the auditing of the records of such milk dealers for
7 the purpose of verifying payment of producer assessments.
8 (f) Provision for an advisory board as hereinafter indicated.
9 (g) Such other provisions as may be necessary to effectuate the
10 declared policies of this section.
11 5. Matters to be considered. In carrying out the provisions of this
12 section and particularly in determining whether or not a dairy promotion
13 order shall be issued, the commissioner shall take into consideration,
14 among others, facts available to them with respect to the following:
15 (a) The total production of milk in the area and the proportion of
16 such milk being utilized in fluid form and in other products;
17 (b) The prices being received for milk by producers in the area;
18 (c) The level of consumption per capita for fluid milk and of other
19 dairy products;
20 (d) The purchasing power of consumers; and
21 (e) Other products which compete with milk and dairy products and
22 prices of such products.
23 6. Interstate orders for compacts. The commissioner is authorized to
24 confer and cooperate with the legally constituted authorities of other
25 states and of the United States with respect to the issuance and opera-
26 tion of joint and concurrent dairy promotion orders or other activities
27 tending to carry out the declared intent of this section. The commis-
28 sioner may join with such other authorities in conducting joint investi-
29 gations, holding joint hearings, and issuing joint or concurrent order
30 or orders complementary to those of the federal government and shall
31 have the authority to employ or designate a joint agent or joint agen-
32 cies to carry out and enforce such joint, concurrent, or supplementary
33 orders.
34 7. Prior assessments. Prior to the effective date of any dairy
35 promotion order as provided in this section, the commissioner may
36 require that cooperatives which have petitioned for such an order and
37 who have approved of the issuance of such an order, to deposit with the
38 commissioner such amounts as the commissioner may deem necessary to
39 defray the expense of administering and enforcing such order until such
40 time as the assessments as herein before provided are adequate for that
41 purpose. Such funds shall be received, deposited, and disbursed by the
42 commissioner in the same manner as other funds received pursuant to this
43 section and the commissioner shall reimburse those who paid these prior
44 assessments from other funds received pursuant to this section.
45 8. Status of funds. Any moneys collected under any market order issued
46 pursuant to this section shall not be deemed to be state funds and shall
47 be deposited in a bank or other depository in this state, approved by
48 the commissioner and the state comptroller, allocated to each dairy
49 promotion order under which they were collected, and shall be disbursed
50 by the commissioner only for the necessary expenses incurred by the
51 commissioner with respect to each separate order, all in accordance with
52 the rules and regulations of the commissioner. All such expenses shall
53 be audited by the state comptroller at least annually and within thirty
54 days after the completion thereof the state comptroller shall give a
55 copy thereof to the commissioner. Any moneys remaining in such fund
56 allocable to a particular order, after the termination of such order and
S. 9008--A 17 A. 10008--A
1 not required by the commissioner to defray the expenses of operating
2 such order, may in the discretion of the commissioner be refunded on a
3 pro-rata basis to all persons from whom assessments therefor were
4 collected; provided, however, that if the commissioner finds that the
5 amounts so refundable are so small as to make impracticable the computa-
6 tion and refunding of such moneys, the commissioner may use such moneys
7 to defray the expenses incurred by them in the promulgation, issuance,
8 administration or enforcement of any other similar dairy promotion order
9 or in the absence of any other such dairy promotion order, the commis-
10 sioner may pay such moneys to any organization or institution as
11 provided in paragraph (b) or (c) of subdivision four of this section.
12 9. Budget. The commissioner shall prepare a budget for the adminis-
13 tration and operating costs and expenses including advertising and sales
14 promotion when required in any dairy promotion order executed hereunder
15 and to provide for the collection of such necessary fees or assessments
16 to defray costs and expenses, in no case to exceed two percent per
17 hundredweight of the gross value of milk marketed by producers in the
18 area covered by the order.
19 10. Advisory board. (a) Any dairy promotion order issued pursuant to
20 this section shall provide for the establishment of an advisory board to
21 advise and assist the commissioner in the administration of such order.
22 This board shall consist of not less than five members and shall be
23 appointed by the commissioner from nominations submitted by producers
24 marketing milk in the area to which the order applies. Nominating proce-
25 dure, qualification, representation, and size of the advisory board
26 shall be prescribed in the order for which such board was appointed.
27 (b) No member of an advisory board shall receive a salary but shall be
28 entitled to reimbursement of the member's actual and reasonable expenses
29 incurred while performing such member's duties as authorized herein.
30 (c) The duties and responsibilities of the advisory board shall be
31 prescribed by the commissioner, and the commissioner may specifically
32 delegate to the advisory board, by inclusion in the dairy promotion
33 order, all or any of the following duties and responsibilities:
34 (i) The recommendation to the commissioner of administrative rules and
35 regulations relating to the order.
36 (ii) Recommending to the commissioner such amendments to the order as
37 seems advisable.
38 (iii) The preparation and submission to the commissioner of an esti-
39 mated budget required for the proper operation of the order.
40 (iv) Recommending to the commissioner methods for assessing producers
41 and methods for collecting the necessary funds.
42 (v) Assisting the commissioner in the collection and assembly of
43 information and data necessary for the proper administration of the
44 order.
45 (vi) The performance of such other duties in connection with the order
46 as the commissioner shall designate.
47 11. Rules and regulations enforcement. (a) The commissioner may, with
48 the advice and assistance of the advisory board, make and issue such
49 rules and regulations as may be necessary to effectuate the provisions
50 and intent of this section and to enforce the provisions of any dairy
51 promotion order, all of which shall have the force and effect of law.
52 (b) The commissioner may institute such action at law or in equity as
53 may appear necessary to enforce compliance with any provision of this
54 section, or any rule or regulation, or dairy promotion order committed
55 to the commissioner's administration, and in addition to any other reme-
56 dy under article three of this chapter or otherwise, may apply for
S. 9008--A 18 A. 10008--A
1 relief by injunction if necessary to protect the public interest without
2 being compelled to allege or prove that an adequate remedy at law does
3 not exist. Such application shall be made to the supreme court in any
4 district or county provided in the civil practice law or rules, or to
5 the supreme court in the third judicial district.
6 § 2. The agriculture and markets law is amended by adding a new arti-
7 cle 25 to read as follows:
8 ARTICLE 25
9 MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
10 Section 291. Legislative declaration.
11 292. Definitions.
12 293. Powers and duties of the commissioner.
13 294. Rules and regulations; enforcement.
14 § 291. Legislative declaration. It is hereby declared that the market-
15 ing of agricultural commodities and aquatic products in this state, in
16 excess of reasonable and normal market demands therefor; disorderly
17 marketing of such commodities; improper preparation for market and lack
18 of uniform grading and classification of agricultural commodities and
19 aquatic products; unfair methods of competition in the marketing of such
20 commodities and the inability of individual producers to develop new and
21 larger markets for agricultural commodities and aquatic products, result
22 in an unreasonable and unnecessary economic waste of the agricultural
23 wealth of this state. Such conditions and the accompanying waste jeop-
24 ardize the future continued production of adequate food supplies for the
25 people of this and other states. These conditions vitally concern the
26 health, safety, and general welfare of the people of this state. It is
27 therefore declared the legislative purpose and the policy of this state:
28 1. To enable agricultural producers and aquatic producers of this
29 state, with the aid of the state, more effectively to correlate the
30 marketing of their agricultural commodities and aquatic products with
31 market demands therefor.
32 2. To establish orderly, efficient, and equitable marketing of agri-
33 cultural commodities and aquatic products.
34 3. To provide for uniform grading and proper preparation of agricul-
35 tural commodities and aquatic products for market.
36 4. To provide methods and means for the development of new and larger
37 markets for agricultural commodities and aquatic products produced in
38 New York.
39 5. To eliminate or reduce the economic waste in the marketing of agri-
40 cultural commodities and aquatic products.
41 6. To eliminate unjust impairment of the purchasing power of aquatic
42 producers and the agricultural producers of this state.
43 7. To aid agricultural and aquatic producers in maintaining an income
44 at an adequate and equitable level.
45 § 292. Definitions. For the purposes of this article, the following
46 terms shall have the following meanings:
47 1. "Agricultural commodity" means any and all agricultural, horticul-
48 tural, vineyard products, corn for grain, oats, soybeans, barley, wheat,
49 poultry or poultry products, bees, maple sap and pure maple products
50 produced therefrom, Christmas trees, livestock, including swine, and
51 honey, sold in the state either in their natural state or as processed
52 by the producer thereof but does not include milk, timber or timber
53 products, other than Christmas trees, all hay, rye and legumes except
54 for soybeans.
55 2. "Aquaculture" means the culture, cultivation and harvest of aquatic
56 plants and animals.
S. 9008--A 19 A. 10008--A
1 3. "Aquatic products" means any food or fiber products obtained
2 through the practice of aquaculture, including mariculture; or by
3 harvest from the sea when such products are cultured or landed in New
4 York state. Such products include but are not limited to fish, shellf-
5 ish, seaweed, or other water-based plant life.
6 4. "Producer" means any person engaged within this state in the busi-
7 ness of producing, or causing to be produced for any market, any agri-
8 cultural commodity or aquatic product.
9 5. "Handler" means any person engaged in the operation of packing,
10 grading, selling, offering for sale, or marketing any marketable agri-
11 cultural commodities or aquatic products, who as owner, agent or other-
12 wise ships or causes an agricultural commodity to be shipped.
13 6. "Processor" means any person engaged within this state in process-
14 ing, or in the operation of receiving, grading, packing, canning, freez-
15 ing, dehydrating, fermenting, distilling, extracting, preserving, grind-
16 ing, crushing, or in any other way preserving or changing the form of an
17 agricultural product or aquatic product for the purpose of marketing
18 such commodity but shall not include a person engaged in manufacturing
19 from an agricultural commodity or aquatic product another and different
20 product.
21 7. "Distributor" means any person engaged within this state, in sell-
22 ing, offering for sale, marketing or distributing an agricultural
23 commodity or aquatic product which they have purchased or acquired from
24 a producer or other person or which they are marketing on behalf of a
25 producer or other person, whether as owner, agent, employee, broker or
26 otherwise, but shall not include a retailer, except such retailer who
27 purchases or acquires from, or handles on behalf of any producer or
28 other person, an agricultural commodity or aquatic product subject to
29 regulation by the marketing agreement or order covering such commodity.
30 8. "Marketing agreement" means an agreement entered into, with the
31 approval of the commissioner, by producers with distributors, processors
32 and handlers regulating the preparation, sale and handling of agricul-
33 tural commodities or aquatic products.
34 9. "Marketing order" means an order issued by the commissioner pursu-
35 ant to this article, prescribing rules and regulations governing the
36 marketing for processing, the distributing, the sale of, or the handling
37 in any manner of any agricultural commodity or aquatic product sold in
38 this state during any specified period or periods.
39 § 293. Powers and duties of the commissioner. 1. In order to effectu-
40 ate the declared policy of this article, the commissioner may, after due
41 notice and opportunity for hearing, approve marketing agreements, which
42 marketing agreements shall thereupon be binding upon the signatories
43 thereto exclusively.
44 2. The commissioner may make and issue marketing orders, after due
45 notice and opportunity for hearing, subject to:
46 (a) Approval of not less than sixty-six and two-thirds per centum of
47 the producers participating in a referendum in the area affected, or
48 (b) Approval of not less than sixty-five per centum of the producers
49 participating in a referendum vote, in the area affected, and having
50 marketed not less than fifty-one per centum of the total quantity of the
51 commodity which was marketed in the next preceding marketing season by
52 all producers that voted in the referendum, or
53 (c) Approval of not less than fifty-one per centum of the producers
54 participating in a referendum vote, in the area affected, and having
55 marketed not less than sixty-five per centum of the total quantity of
S. 9008--A 20 A. 10008--A
1 the commodity which was marketed in the next preceding marketing season
2 by all producers that voted in the referendum.
3 3. The commissioner may and upon written petition duly signed by twen-
4 ty-five per centum of the producers in the area shall, amend or termi-
5 nate such order after due notice and opportunity for hearing, but
6 subject to the approval of not less than fifty per centum of such
7 producers participating in a referendum vote.
8 4. The commissioner shall administer and enforce any marketing order,
9 while it is in effect, to:
10 (a) Encourage and maintain stable prices received by producers for
11 such agricultural commodity and aquatic product at a level which is
12 consistent with the provisions and aims of this article.
13 (b) Prevent the unreasonable or unnecessary waste of land or water-
14 based wealth.
15 (c) Protect the interests of consumers of such commodity, by exercis-
16 ing the powers of this article to such extent as is necessary to effec-
17 tuate the purposes of this article.
18 (d) Prepare a budget for the administration and operating costs and
19 expenses including advertising and sales promotion when required in any
20 marketing agreement or order executed hereunder and to provide for the
21 collection of such necessary fees to defray such costs and expenses, in
22 no case to exceed five percent of the gross dollar volume of sales or
23 dollar volume of purchases or amounts handled, to be collected from each
24 person engaged in the production, processing, distributing or the handl-
25 ing of any marketable agricultural commodity and aquatic product
26 produced or landed in this state and directly affected by any marketing
27 order issued pursuant to this article for such commodity.
28 (e) Confer and cooperate with the legally constituted authorities of
29 other states and the United States.
30 5. Any marketing agreement or order issued by the commissioner pursu-
31 ant to this article may contain any or all of the following:
32 (a) Provisions for determining the existence and extent of the surplus
33 of any agricultural commodity, or of any grade, size, or quality there-
34 of, and providing for the regulation and disposition of such surplus.
35 (b) Provisions for limiting the total quantity of any agricultural
36 product, or of any grade or grades, size or sizes, or quality or
37 portions or combinations thereof, which may be marketed during any spec-
38 ified period or periods. Such total quantity of any such commodity so
39 regulated shall not be less than the quantity which the commissioner
40 shall find is reasonably necessary to supply the market demand of
41 consumers for such commodity.
42 (c) Provisions regulating the period, or periods, during which any
43 agricultural commodity, or any grade or grades, size or sizes or quality
44 or portions or combinations of such commodity, may be marketed.
45 (d) Provisions for the establishment of uniform grading, standards,
46 and inspection of any agricultural commodity delivered by producers or
47 other persons to handlers, processors, distributors or others engaging
48 in the handling thereof, and for the establishment of grading or stand-
49 ards of quality, condition, size, maturity or pack for any agricultural
50 commodity, and the inspection and grading of such commodity in accord-
51 ance with such grading or standards so established; and for provisions
52 that no producer, handler, processor or distributor of any agricultural
53 commodity for which grading or standards are so established may, except
54 as otherwise provided in such marketing agreement or order, sell, offer
55 for sale, process, distribute or otherwise handle any such commodity
56 whether produced within or without this state, not meeting and complying
S. 9008--A 21 A. 10008--A
1 with such established grading or standards. For the purposes of this
2 article, the federal-state inspection service shall perform all
3 inspections made necessary by such provisions.
4 (e) Provisions for the establishment of research programs designed to
5 benefit a specified commodity or New York agriculture in general.
6 (f) Such other provisions as may be necessary to effectuate the
7 declared policies of this article.
8 (g) Provisions to establish marketing promotion and research programs
9 for aquatic products which may include paragraphs (a) through (f) of
10 this subdivision.
11 6. The commissioner may temporarily suspend the operation of an effec-
12 tive marketing order for a continuing period of no longer than one grow-
13 ing and marketing season, if the purposes of this article are deemed
14 unnecessary during such season.
15 7. In carrying out the purposes of this article, the commissioner
16 shall take into consideration any and all facts available to them with
17 respect to the following economic factors:
18 (a) The quantity of such agricultural commodity available for distrib-
19 ution.
20 (b) The quantity of such agricultural commodity normally required by
21 consumers.
22 (c) The cost of producing such agricultural commodity.
23 (d) The purchasing power of consumers.
24 (e) The level of prices of commodities, services, and articles which
25 the farmers commonly buy.
26 (f) The level of prices of other commodities which compete with or are
27 utilized as substitutes for such agricultural commodity.
28 8. The execution of such marketing agreements shall in no manner
29 affect the issuance, administration or enforcement of any marketing
30 order provided for in this article. The commissioner may issue such
31 marketing order without executing a marketing agreement or may execute a
32 marketing agreement without issuing a marketing order covering the same
33 commodity. The commissioner, in their discretion, may hold a concurrent
34 hearing upon a proposed marketing agreement and a proposed marketing
35 order in the manner provided for giving due notice and opportunity for
36 hearing for a marketing order as provided in this article.
37 9. Prior to the issuance, amendment or termination of any marketing
38 order, the commissioner may require the applicants for such issuance,
39 amendment, or termination to deposit with them such amount as they may
40 deem necessary to defray the expenses of preparing and making effective
41 amending or terminating a marketing order. Such funds shall be received,
42 deposited, and disbursed by the commissioner in the same manner as other
43 fees received by the commissioner under this article and, in the event
44 the application for adoption, amendment or termination of a marketing
45 order is approved in a referendum, the commissioner shall reimburse any
46 such applicant in the amount of any such deposit from any unexpended
47 monies collected under the marketing order affected by such referendum.
48 10. Any moneys collected by the commissioner pursuant to this article
49 shall not be deemed state funds and shall be deposited in a bank or
50 other depository in this state, approved by the commissioner, allocated
51 to each marketing order under which they are collected, and shall be
52 disbursed by the commissioner only for the necessary expenses incurred
53 by the commissioner with respect to each such separate marketing order,
54 all in accordance with the rules and regulations of the commissioner.
55 All such expenditures shall be audited by the state comptroller at least
56 annually and within thirty days after the completion thereof the state
S. 9008--A 22 A. 10008--A
1 comptroller shall give a copy thereof to the commissioner. Any moneys
2 remaining in such fund allocable to any particular commodity affected by
3 a marketing order may, in the discretion of the commissioner, be
4 refunded at the close of any marketing season upon a pro-rata basis to
5 all persons from whom assessments therefor were collected or, whenever
6 the commissioner finds that such moneys may be necessary to defray the
7 cost of operating such marketing order in a succeeding marketing season,
8 they may carry over all or any portion of such moneys into the next such
9 succeeding season. Upon the termination by the commissioner of any
10 marketing order, all moneys remaining and not required by the commis-
11 sioner to defray the expenses of operating such marketing order, shall
12 be refunded by the commissioner upon a pro-rata basis to all persons
13 from whom assessments therefor were collected; provided, however, that
14 if the commissioner finds that the amounts so refundable are so small as
15 to make impracticable the computation and refunding of such refunds, the
16 commissioner may use such moneys to defray the expenses incurred by the
17 commissioner in the formulation, issuance, administration or enforcement
18 of any subsequent marketing order for such commodity.
19 11. Advisory board. (a) Any marketing order issued pursuant to this
20 article shall provide for the establishment of an advisory board, to
21 consist of not less than five members nor more than nine members, to
22 advise the commissioner in the administration of such marketing order in
23 accordance with its terms and provisions. The members of such board
24 shall be appointed by the commissioner from nominations received from
25 the commodity group for which the marketing order is established. Nomi-
26 nating procedure, qualification, representation, and size of the advi-
27 sory board shall be prescribed in each marketing order for which such
28 board is appointed. Each advisory board shall be composed of such
29 producers and handlers or processors as are directly affected by the
30 marketing order in such proportion of representation as the order shall
31 prescribe. The commissioner may appoint one person who is neither a
32 producer nor processor nor other handler to represent the department of
33 agriculture and markets or the public generally.
34 (b) No member of an advisory board shall receive a salary, but each
35 shall be entitled to reimbursement for the member's actual expenses
36 incurred while engaged in performing the member's duties herein author-
37 ized.
38 (c) The duties and responsibilities of each advisory board shall be
39 prescribed by the commissioner, and they may specifically delegate to
40 the advisory board, by inclusion in the marketing order, all or any of
41 the following duties and responsibilities:
42 (i) The recommendation to the commissioner of administrative rules and
43 regulations relating to the marketing order.
44 (ii) Recommending to the commissioner such amendments to the marketing
45 order as seem advisable.
46 (iii) The preparation and submission to the commissioner of the esti-
47 mated budget required or the proper operation of the marketing order.
48 (iv) Recommending to the commissioner methods for assessing members of
49 the industry and methods for collecting the necessary funds.
50 (v) Assisting the commissioner in the collection and assembling of
51 information and data necessary to the proper administration of the
52 order.
53 (vi) The performance of such other duties in connection with the
54 marketing order as the commissioner shall designate.
55 § 294. Rules and regulations; enforcement. 1. The commissioner may
56 make and promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to
S. 9008--A 23 A. 10008--A
1 effectuate the provisions and intent of this article and to enforce the
2 provision of any marketing agreement or order, all of which shall have
3 the force and effect of law.
4 2. The commissioner may institute such action at law or in equity as
5 may appear necessary to enforce compliance with any provision of this
6 article, or any rule or regulation, marketing agreement or order,
7 committed to the commissioner's administration, and in addition to any
8 other remedy under article three of this chapter or otherwise may apply
9 for relief by injunction if necessary to protect the public interest
10 without being compelled to allege or prove that an adequate remedy at
11 law does not exist. Such application may be made to the supreme court in
12 any district or county as provided in the civil practice law and rules,
13 or to the supreme court in the third judicial district.
14 § 3. Sections 16-x, 16-y and 16-z of section 1 of chapter 174 of the
15 laws of 1968, constituting the New York state urban development corpo-
16 ration act, are REPEALED.
17 § 4. Notwithstanding the repeal of sections 16-x, 16-y and 16-z of
18 section 1 of chapter 174 of the laws of 1968, constituting the New York
19 state urban development corporation act pursuant to section three of
20 this act the marketing orders, and the regulatory provisions relating
21 thereto, set forth under parts 40, 200, 201, 203, 204 and 205 of title 1
22 of the New York codes, rules and regulations, shall remain in full force
23 and effect.
24 § 5. Notwithstanding the repeal of sections 16-x, 16-y and 16-z of
25 section 1 of chapter 174 of the laws of 1968, constituting the New York
26 state urban development corporation act pursuant to section three of
27 this act, all contracts entered into pursuant to such repealed sections
28 that continue in force and effect after the effective date of this act
29 and shall be assigned to the department of agriculture and markets, and
30 all undisbursed funds under the control of the urban development corpo-
31 ration in connection with the marketing orders shall be transferred to
32 the department of agriculture and markets on or before the forty-fifth
33 day following the effective date of this act; and any assessments due
34 and payable under such marketing orders shall be remitted to the depart-
35 ment of agriculture and markets beginning upon the thirtieth day after
36 the effective date of this act.
37 § 6. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.
38 PART K
39 Section 1. Paragraph (d) of subdivision 1 of section 210-B of the tax
40 law, as amended by section 1 of part C of chapter 59 of the laws of
41 2023, is amended to read as follows:
42 (d) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, the credit allowed
43 under this subdivision for any taxable year shall not reduce the tax due
44 for such year to less than the fixed dollar minimum amount prescribed in
45 paragraph (d) of subdivision one of section two hundred ten of this
46 article. However, if the amount of credit allowable under this subdivi-
47 sion for any taxable year reduces the tax to such amount or if the
48 taxpayer otherwise pays tax based on the fixed dollar minimum amount,
49 any amount of credit allowed for a taxable year commencing prior to
50 January first, nineteen hundred eighty-seven and not deductible in such
51 taxable year may be carried over to the following year or years and may
52 be deducted from the taxpayer's tax for such year or years but in no
53 event shall such credit be carried over to taxable years commencing on
54 or after January first, two thousand two, and any amount of credit
S. 9008--A 24 A. 10008--A
1 allowed for a taxable year commencing on or after January first, nine-
2 teen hundred eighty-seven and not deductible in such year may be carried
3 over to the fifteen taxable years next following such taxable year and
4 may be deducted from the taxpayer's tax for such year or years. In lieu
5 of such carryover, (i) any such taxpayer which qualifies as a new busi-
6 ness under paragraph (f) of this subdivision may elect to treat the
7 amount of such carryover as an overpayment of tax to be credited or
8 refunded in accordance with the provisions of section ten hundred eight-
9 y-six of this chapter, and (ii) any such taxpayer that is an eligible
10 farmer, as defined in subdivision eleven of this section, may for taxa-
11 ble years beginning before January first, two thousand [twenty-eight]
12 thirty-three, elect to treat the amount of such carryover as an overpay-
13 ment of tax to be credited or refunded in accordance with the provisions
14 of section one thousand eighty-six of this chapter, provided, however,
15 the provisions of subsection (c) of section ten hundred eighty-eight of
16 this chapter notwithstanding, no interest shall be paid thereon.
17 § 2. Paragraph 5 of subsection (a) of section 606 of the tax law, as
18 amended by section 2 of part C of chapter 59 of the laws of 2023, is
19 amended to read as follows:
20 (5) If the amount of credit allowable under this subsection for any
21 taxable year shall exceed the taxpayer's tax for such year, the excess
22 allowed for a taxable year commencing prior to January first, nineteen
23 hundred eighty-seven may be carried over to the following year or years
24 and may be deducted from the taxpayer's tax for such year or years, but
25 in no event shall such credit be carried over to taxable years commenc-
26 ing on or after January first, nineteen hundred ninety-seven, and any
27 amount of credit allowed for a taxable year commencing on or after Janu-
28 ary first, nineteen hundred eighty-seven and not deductible in such year
29 may be carried over to the ten taxable years next following such taxable
30 year and may be deducted from the taxpayer's tax for such year or years.
31 In lieu of carrying over any such excess, (A) a taxpayer who qualifies
32 as an owner of a new business for purposes of paragraph ten of this
33 subsection may, at the taxpayer's option, receive such excess as a
34 refund, and (B) a taxpayer that is an eligible farmer as defined in
35 subsection (n) of this section may, at the taxpayer's option, for taxa-
36 ble years beginning before January first, two thousand [twenty-eight]
37 thirty-three, receive such excess as a refund. Any refund paid pursuant
38 to this paragraph shall be deemed to be a refund of an overpayment of
39 tax as provided in section six hundred eighty-six of this article,
40 provided, however, that no interest shall be paid thereon.
41 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately.
42 PART L
43 Section 1. Subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (b) of subdivision 2 of
44 section 1896 of the public authorities law, as amended by chapter 388 of
45 the laws of 2011, is amended to read as follows:
46 (ii) loans shall not exceed thirteen thousand dollars per applicant
47 for approved qualified energy efficiency services for residential struc-
48 tures, and twenty-six thousand dollars per applicant for approved quali-
49 fied energy efficiency services for non-residential structures,
50 provided, however, that the authority may permit a loan in excess of
51 such amounts if the total cost of energy efficiency measures financed by
52 such loan will [achieve] include a payback period [of fifteen years or
53 less] which does not exceed the useful life of the energy efficiency
54 measures installed, but in no event shall any such loan exceed [twenty-
S. 9008--A 25 A. 10008--A
1 five] fifty thousand dollars per applicant for residential structures
2 and fifty thousand dollars per applicant for non-residential structures;
3 and for multi-family structures loans shall be in amounts determined by
4 the authority, provided, however, that the authority shall assure that a
5 significant number of residential structures are included in the
6 program;
7 § 2. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 5 of section 1896 of the public
8 authorities law, as added by section 1 of part DD of chapter 58 of the
9 laws of 2012, is amended to read as follows:
10 (a) For each loan issued for qualified energy efficiency services that
11 is to be repaid through an on-bill recovery mechanism[, the New York
12 state energy research and development authority shall record, pursuant
13 to article nine of the real property law, in the office of the appropri-
14 ate recording officer, a declaration with respect to the property
15 improved by such services of the existence of the loan and stating the
16 total amount of the loan, the term of the loan, and that the loan is
17 being repaid] through a charge on an electric or gas meter associated
18 with the property, the on-bill recovery loan agreement shall allow for
19 the purchaser or transferee to agree through written express assumption
20 provided in accordance with the terms of the on-bill recovery loan that
21 they are responsible for future on-bill recovery charges, and in the
22 absence of such written express assumption, the original seller,
23 transferor, or current loan holder of the subject property shall contin-
24 ue to be responsible for payment of such remaining charges through
25 direct billing and payment to the authority, or its agent. [The decla-
26 ration shall further state that it is being filed pursuant to this
27 section and, unless fully satisfied prior to sale or transfer of the
28 property, the loan repayment utility meter charge shall survive changes
29 in ownership, tenancy, or meter account responsibility and, until fully
30 satisfied, shall constitute the obligation of the person responsible for
31 the meter account. Such declaration shall not constitute a mortgage and
32 shall not create any security interest or lien on the property. Upon
33 satisfaction of the loan, the authority shall file a declaration of
34 repayment pursuant to article nine of the real property law.]
35 § 3. Paragraph (d) of subdivision 2 of section 66-m of the public
36 service law, as added by chapter 388 of the laws of 2011, is amended to
37 read as follows:
38 (d) unless fully satisfied prior to sale or transfer, that (i) the
39 on-bill recovery charges for any services provided at the customer's
40 premises shall survive changes in ownership, tenancy or meter account
41 responsibility if the New York state energy research and development
42 authority shall have recorded a declaration pursuant to article nine of
43 the real property law with respect to such property for the existence of
44 an on-bill recovery loan, and (ii) that arrears in on-bill recovery
45 charges at the time of account closure or meter transfer shall remain
46 the responsibility of the incurring customer, unless expressly assumed
47 by a subsequent purchaser of the property subject to such charges;
48 § 4. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 4 of section 242 of the real proper-
49 ty law, as added by chapter 388 of the laws of 2011, is amended to read
50 as follows:
51 (a) Any person, firm, company, partnership or corporation offering to
52 sell real property which is subject to a green jobs-green New York
53 on-bill recovery charge pursuant to title nine-A of article eight of the
54 public authorities law and which provides that such charge shall survive
55 changes in ownership, tenancy or meter account responsibility if not
56 fully satisfied prior to sale or transfer, shall provide written notice
S. 9008--A 26 A. 10008--A
1 to the prospective purchaser or the prospective purchaser's agent, stat-
2 ing as follows: "This property is subject to a green jobs-green New York
3 on-bill recovery charge". Such notice shall also state the total amount
4 of the original charge, the payment schedule and the approximate remain-
5 ing balance, a description of the energy efficiency services performed,
6 including improvements to the property, and an explanation of the bene-
7 fit of the green jobs-green New York qualified energy efficiency
8 services. Such notice shall be provided by the seller prior to accepting
9 a purchase offer; provided that such notice is not necessary if the loan
10 agreement provides that upon sale or transfer of the subject property
11 the purchaser or transferee is only responsible for on-bill recovery
12 charges after sale or transfer if they agree through written express
13 assumption provided in accordance with the terms of the on-bill recovery
14 loan agreement, and in the absence of such assumption, the original
15 seller, transferor, or current loan holder of the subject property shall
16 be responsible for payment of such remaining charges through direct
17 billing and payment to the New York state energy research and develop-
18 ment authority, or its agent.
19 § 5. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
20 have become a law.
21 PART M
22 Section 1. Expenditures of moneys by the New York state energy
23 research and development authority for services and expenses of the
24 energy research, development and demonstration program, including
25 grants, the energy policy and planning program, and the Fuel NY program
26 shall be subject to the provisions of this section. Notwithstanding the
27 provisions of subdivision 4-a of section 18-a of the public service law,
28 all moneys committed or expended in an amount not to exceed $28,725,000
29 shall be reimbursed by assessment against gas corporations, as defined
30 in subdivision 11 of section 2 of the public service law and electric
31 corporations as defined in subdivision 13 of section 2 of the public
32 service law, where such gas corporations and electric corporations have
33 gross revenues from intrastate utility operations in excess of $500,000
34 in the preceding calendar year, and the total amount assessed shall be
35 allocated to each electric corporation and gas corporation in proportion
36 to its intrastate electricity and gas revenues in the calendar year
37 2024. Such amounts shall be excluded from the general assessment
38 provisions of subdivision 2 of section 18-a of the public service law.
39 The chair of the public service commission shall bill such gas and/or
40 electric corporations for such amounts on or before August 10, 2026 and
41 such amounts shall be paid to the New York state energy research and
42 development authority on or before September 10, 2026. Upon receipt, the
43 New York state energy research and development authority shall deposit
44 such funds in the energy research and development operating fund estab-
45 lished pursuant to section 1859 of the public authorities law. The New
46 York state energy research and development authority is authorized and
47 directed to provide to the chair of the public service commission and
48 the director of the budget and the chairs and secretaries of the legis-
49 lative fiscal committees, on or before August first of each year, an
50 itemized record, certified by the president and chief executive officer
51 of the authority, or such chief executive officer's designee, detailing
52 any and all expenditures and commitments ascribable to moneys received
53 as a result of this assessment by the chair of the department of public
54 service pursuant to section 18-a of the public service law. This item-
S. 9008--A 27 A. 10008--A
1 ized record shall include an itemized breakdown of the programs being
2 funded by this section and the amount committed to each program. The
3 authority shall not commit for any expenditure, any moneys derived from
4 the assessment provided for in this section, until the chair of such
5 authority shall have submitted, and the director of the budget shall
6 have approved, a comprehensive financial plan encompassing all moneys
7 available to and all anticipated commitments and expenditures by such
8 authority from any source for the operations of such authority. Copies
9 of the approved comprehensive financial plan shall be immediately
10 submitted by the chair to the chairs and secretaries of the legislative
11 fiscal committees. Any such amount not committed by such authority to
12 contracts or contracts to be awarded or otherwise expended by the
13 authority during the fiscal year shall be refunded by such authority on
14 a pro-rata basis to such gas and/or electric corporations, in a manner
15 to be determined by the department of public service, and any refund
16 amounts must be explicitly lined out in the itemized record described
17 above.
18 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall be deemed to
19 have been in full force and effect on and after April 1, 2026.
20 PART N
21 Section 1. Subdivision 12 of section 66 of the public services law is
22 amended by adding two new paragraphs (n) and (o) to read as follows:
23 (n) The commission shall require each application for a major change
24 in rates filed by a gas corporation or an electric corporation to
25 include an executive compensation disclosure. Such executive compen-
26 sation disclosure shall include: (i) the median of the annual total
27 compensation of all employees of the gas corporation or electric corpo-
28 ration, except the chief executive officer; (ii) the annual total
29 compensation of the chief executive officer; and (iii) the ratio of the
30 amount described in subparagraph (i) of this paragraph to the amount
31 described in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph. The commission shall
32 develop performance-based targets that tie compensation for the chief
33 executive officer and other management positions and ratepayer-funded
34 incentive compensation programs to the energy affordability index devel-
35 oped pursuant to section sixty-six-x of this article and shall consider
36 adjustments to the corporation's return on equity based on such metric.
37 (o) The commission shall require each application for a major change
38 in rates filed by a gas corporation or an electric corporation to
39 include, in addition to the corporation's recommended proposal, a budget
40 constrained proposal that separately addresses operating expenses, capi-
41 tal expenditures, and programmatic or policy expenditures. Such budget
42 constrained proposal shall not increase the applicant's aggregate reven-
43 ues by more than the annual consumer price index increases over prior
44 years. In the event a rate plan is established based on a budget
45 constrained proposal, the commission shall require the corporation to
46 track expenditures and outcomes and explain all meaningful deviations
47 from the approved rate plan.
48 § 2. Subdivision 10 of section 80 of the public service law is amended
49 by adding two new paragraphs (h) and (i) to read as follows:
50 (h) The commission shall require each application for a major change
51 in rates filed by a steam corporation to include an executive compen-
52 sation disclosure. Such executive compensation disclosure shall include:
53 (i) the median of the annual total compensation of all employees of the
54 steam corporation, except the chief executive officer; (ii) the annual
S. 9008--A 28 A. 10008--A
1 total compensation of the chief executive officer; and (iii) the ratio
2 of the amount described in subparagraph (i) of this paragraph to the
3 amount described in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.
4 (i) The commission shall require each application for a major change
5 in rates filed by a steam corporation to include, in addition to the
6 corporation's recommended proposal, a budget constrained proposal that
7 separately addresses operating expenses, capital expenditures, and
8 programmatic or policy expenditures. Such budget constrained proposal
9 shall not increase the applicant's aggregate revenues by more than the
10 annual consumer price index increases over prior years. In the event a
11 rate plan is established based on a budget constrained proposal, the
12 commission shall require the corporation to track expenditures and
13 outcomes and explain all meaningful deviations from the approved rate
14 plan.
15 § 3. Subdivision 10 of section 89-c of the public service law is
16 amended by adding two new paragraphs (j) and (k) to read as follows:
17 (j) The commission shall require each application for a major change
18 in rates filed by a water-works corporation to include an executive
19 compensation disclosure. Such executive compensation disclosure shall
20 include: (i) the median of the annual total compensation of all employ-
21 ees of the water-works corporation, except the chief executive officer;
22 (ii) the annual total compensation of the chief executive officer; and
23 (iii) the ratio of the amount described in subparagraph (i) of this
24 paragraph to the amount described in subparagraph (ii) of this para-
25 graph.
26 (k) The commission shall require each application for a major change
27 in rates filed by a water-works corporation to include, in addition to
28 the corporation's recommended proposal, a budget constrained proposal
29 that separately addresses operating expenses, capital expenditures, and
30 programmatic or policy expenditures. Such budget constrained proposal
31 shall not increase the applicant's aggregate revenues by more than the
32 annual consumer price index increases over prior years. In the event a
33 rate plan is established based on a budget constrained proposal, the
34 commission shall require the corporation to track expenditures and
35 outcomes and explain all meaningful deviations from the approved rate
36 plan.
37 § 4. Within 180 days from the effective date of this act, the public
38 service commission shall issue a review of the standards and procedures
39 used to ensure that inappropriate utility expenses, including certain
40 classes of advertising and legal fees and any fines or penalties imposed
41 on the utility, are not charged to ratepayers.
42 § 5. This act shall take effect January 1, 2027. Effective immediate-
43 ly, the addition, amendment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation
44 necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date are
45 authorized to be made and completed on or before such effective date.
46 PART O
47 Section 1. Paragraph (f) of subdivision 12 of section 66 of the public
48 service law, as amended by chapter 154 of the laws of 1989, is amended
49 to read as follows:
50 (f) Whenever there shall be filed with the commission by any utility
51 any schedule stating a new rate or charge, or any change in any form of
52 contract or agreement or any rule or regulation relating to any rate,
53 charge or service, or in any general privilege or facility, the commis-
54 sion may, at any time within sixty days from the date when such schedule
S. 9008--A 29 A. 10008--A
1 would or has become effective, either upon complaint or upon its own
2 initiative, and, if it so orders, without answer or other formal plead-
3 ing by the utility, but upon reasonable notice, hold a hearing concern-
4 ing the propriety of a change proposed by the filing. If such change is
5 a major change, the commission shall hold such a hearing. Pending such
6 hearing and decision thereon, the commission, upon filing with such
7 schedule and delivering to the utility, a statement in writing of its
8 reasons therefor, may suspend the operation of such schedule, but not
9 for a longer period than [one hundred and twenty days] fourteen months
10 beyond the time when it would otherwise go into effect. After full hear-
11 ing, whether completed before or after the schedule goes into effect,
12 the commission may make such order in reference thereto as would be
13 proper in a proceeding begun after the rate, charge, form of contract or
14 agreement, rule, regulation, service, general privilege or facility had
15 become effective. [If any such hearing cannot be concluded within the
16 period of suspension as above stated, the commission may extend the
17 suspension for a further period, not exceeding six months.] The commis-
18 sion may, in the exercise of its discretion, establish a multiyear rate
19 plan that sets rates on an annual basis for a period not to exceed two
20 years. Following the establishment of a multiyear rate plan, a utility
21 shall not file for a further change, other than a de minimis change, in
22 any rate or charge to become effective during the established rate plan
23 period. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if, during a multiyear
24 rate plan period, the commission determines in the exercise of its
25 discretion that a circumstance has arisen that meaningfully threatens a
26 utility's economic viability or the utility's ability to provide safe,
27 adequate, and reliable service, then a utility may file a proposal for a
28 further change in a rate or charge to be effective prior to the end of
29 the multiyear rate plan period. The utility shall support any request
30 for such commission determination through sworn statements and verified,
31 accurate exhibits, and the burden of proof in such a scenario shall
32 remain on the utility. The commission may provide an opportunity for
33 department staff, local governmental entities, and others to respond to
34 the utility's request.
35 § 2. Paragraph (f) of subdivision 10 of section 80 of the public
36 service law, as amended by chapter 154 of the laws of 1989, is amended
37 to read as follows:
38 (f) Whenever there shall be filed with the commission by any utility
39 any schedule stating a new rate or charge, or any change in any form of
40 contract or agreement or any rule or regulation relating to any rate,
41 charge or service, or in any general privilege or facility, the commis-
42 sion may, at any time within sixty days from the date when such schedule
43 would or has become effective, either upon complaint or upon its own
44 initiative, and, if it so orders, without answer or other formal plead-
45 ing by the utility, but upon reasonable notice, hold a hearing concern-
46 ing the propriety of a change proposed by the filing. If such change is
47 a major change, the commission shall hold such a hearing. Pending such
48 hearing and decision thereon the commission, upon filing with such sche-
49 dule and delivering to the utility, a statement in writing of its
50 reasons therefor, may suspend the operation of such schedule, but not
51 for a longer period than [one hundred and twenty days] fourteen months
52 beyond the time when it would otherwise go into effect. After full hear-
53 ing, whether completed before or after the schedule goes into effect,
54 the commission may make such order in reference thereto as would be
55 proper in a proceeding begun after the rate, charge, form of contract or
56 agreement, rule, regulation, service, general privilege or facility had
S. 9008--A 30 A. 10008--A
1 become effective. [If such hearing cannot be concluded within the period
2 of suspension as above stated, the commission may extend the suspension
3 for a further period not exceeding six months.] The commission may, in
4 the exercise of its discretion, establish a multiyear rate plan that
5 sets rates on an annual basis for a period not to exceed two years.
6 Following the establishment of a multiyear rate plan, a utility shall
7 not file for a further change, other than a de minimis change, in any
8 rate or charge to become effective during the established rate plan
9 period. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if, during a multiyear
10 rate plan period, the commission determines in the exercise of its
11 discretion that a circumstance has arisen that meaningfully threatens a
12 utility's economic viability or the utility's ability to provide safe,
13 adequate, and reliable service, then a utility may file a proposal for a
14 further change in a rate or charge to be effective prior to the end of
15 the multiyear rate plan period. The utility shall support any request
16 for such commission determination through sworn statements and verified,
17 accurate exhibits, and the burden of proof in such a scenario shall
18 remain on the utility. The commission may provide an opportunity for
19 department staff, local governmental entities, and others to respond to
20 the utility's request.
21 § 3. Paragraph (f) of subdivision 10 of section 89-c of the public
22 service law, as amended by chapter 154 of the laws of 1989, is amended
23 to read as follows:
24 (f) Whenever there shall be filed with the commission by any water-
25 works corporation any schedule stating a new rate or charge, or any
26 change in any form of contract or agreement or any rule or regulation
27 relating to any rate, charge or service, or in any general privilege or
28 facility, the commission may, at any time within sixty days from the
29 date when such schedule would or has become effective, either upon
30 complaint or upon its own initiative, and, if it so orders, without
31 answer or other formal pleading by the interested corporation, but upon
32 reasonable notice, hold a hearing concerning the propriety of a change
33 proposed by the filing. If such change is a major change, the commission
34 shall hold such a hearing. Pending such hearing and decision thereon,
35 the commission, upon filing with such schedule and delivering to the
36 corporation affected thereby a statement in writing of its reasons
37 therefor, may suspend the operation of such schedule, but not for a
38 longer period than [one hundred and twenty days] fourteen months beyond
39 the time when it would otherwise go into effect. After a full hearing,
40 whether completed before or after the schedule goes into effect, the
41 commission may make such order in reference thereto as would be proper
42 in a proceeding begun after the rate, charge, form of contract or agree-
43 ment, rule, regulation, service, general privilege or facility had
44 become effective. [If any such hearing cannot be concluded within the
45 period of suspension as above stated, the commission may extend the
46 suspension for a further period not exceeding six months.] The commis-
47 sion may, in the exercise of its discretion, establish a multiyear rate
48 plan that sets rates on an annual basis for a period not to exceed two
49 years. Following the establishment of a multiyear rate plan, a utility
50 shall not file for a further change, other than a de minimis change, in
51 any rate or charge to become effective during the established rate plan
52 period. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if, during a multiyear
53 rate plan period, the commission determines in the exercise of its
54 discretion that a circumstance has arisen that meaningfully threatens a
55 utility's economic viability or the utility's ability to provide safe,
56 adequate, and reliable service, then a utility may file a proposal for a
S. 9008--A 31 A. 10008--A
1 further change in a rate or charge to be effective prior to the end of
2 the multiyear rate plan period. The utility shall support any request
3 for such commission determination through sworn statements and verified,
4 accurate exhibits, and the burden of proof in such a scenario shall
5 remain on the utility. The commission may provide an opportunity for
6 department staff, local governmental entities, and others to respond to
7 the utility's request.
8 § 4. This act shall take effect immediately and shall apply to any
9 proposed change in rates filed on or after January 1, 2027.
10 PART P
11 Section 1. The public service law is amended by adding a new section
12 66-x to read as follows:
13 § 66-x. Energy affordability index. 1. Beginning January first, two
14 thousand twenty-seven, the commission shall require each gas corporation
15 and electric corporation to submit an annual affordability index showing
16 the energy burden of such corporation's residential customers. The
17 commission shall promulgate rules and regulations adopting a methodology
18 for gas corporations and electric corporations to calculate an afforda-
19 bility index.
20 2. On or before June first, two thousand twenty-seven, and annually
21 thereafter, the commission shall issue a report on energy affordability
22 that includes a comparison of the affordability of residential utility
23 service provided by each gas corporation and electric corporation in New
24 York state to affordability data from other states as reported by the
25 United States energy information administration.
26 § 2. Subdivision 12 of section 66 of the public service law is amended
27 by adding a new paragraph (p) to read as follows:
28 (p) The commission shall require each application for a major change
29 in rates filed by a gas corporation or an electric corporation to
30 include an affordability index that shows the energy burden of such
31 corporation's residential customers at the time of filing and what the
32 energy burden would be following the corporation's proposed change in
33 rates, as calculated using the methodology adopted by the commission
34 pursuant to section sixty-six-x of this article.
35 § 3. Section 66 of the public service law is amended by adding a new
36 subdivision 33 to read as follows:
37 33. Following any commission decision that establishes a change in
38 rates that results in an energy burden greater than three percent for
39 residential electric service or greater than three percent for residen-
40 tial gas service, have power to install an independent affordability
41 monitor inside any gas corporation or electric corporation for a time
42 period determined by the commission but for no less than one year. In
43 every case in which the commission chooses to install an affordability
44 monitor, it shall have authority to select the monitor, and to require
45 the electric corporation, gas corporation, or electric and gas corpo-
46 ration being monitored to enter into a contract with the monitor to pay
47 for the monitor's services at such corporation's expense. Such contract
48 shall provide further that the monitor shall work for and under the
49 direction of the commission according to such terms as the commission
50 may determine are necessary and reasonable. Such affordability monitor
51 shall have power to examine the accounts, books, contracts, records,
52 documents and papers of the corporation and shall have full access to
53 management meetings in order to review utility operations and expendi-
54 tures. The affordability monitor shall report to the commission the
S. 9008--A 32 A. 10008--A
1 primary cost drivers that caused the energy burden to rise more than
2 three percent, and any opportunities for cost savings.
3 § 4. This act shall take effect January 1, 2027. Effective immediate-
4 ly, the addition, amendment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation
5 necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date are
6 authorized to be made and completed on or before such date.
7 PART Q
8 Section 1. Subdivision 1 of section 235-a of the real property law, as
9 amended by chapter 143 of the laws of 2020, is amended to read as
10 follows:
11 1. In any case in which a residential tenant shall lawfully make a
12 payment to a utility company pursuant to the provisions of [sections
13 thirty-three,] section thirty-four [and one hundred sixteen] of the
14 public service law, or to a utility company as defined in subdivision
15 twenty-three of section two of the public service law, public authority,
16 water-works corporation, as defined in subdivision twenty-seven of
17 section two of the public service law, or municipal water system, as
18 prescribed in section eighty-nine-l of the public service law, for water
19 service which a landlord is responsible for but has failed or refused to
20 provide payment therefor, such payment shall be deductible from any
21 future payment of rent.
22 § 2. Section 33 of the public service law, as added by chapter 713 of
23 the laws of 1981, paragraphs (c) and (d) of subdivision 1 as amended by
24 chapter 195 of the laws of 2010, is amended to read as follows:
25 § 33. Discontinuance of residential utility service to multiple dwell-
26 ings. 1. Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, no public utility
27 company or municipality shall discontinue gas, electric or steam service
28 to an entire multiple dwelling (as defined in the multiple dwelling law
29 or the multiple residence law) located anywhere in this state for
30 nonpayment of bills rendered for service [unless such]. A public utility
31 company or municipality may commence an action against the owner of the
32 premises affected seeking a lien against such multiple dwelling for the
33 amount of such utility bills. A utility shall have given fifteen days
34 written notice of its intention so to [discontinue] seek such lien as
35 follows:
36 (a) Such notice shall be served personally on the owner of the prem-
37 ises affected, or in lieu thereof, to the person, firm, or corporation
38 to whom or which the last preceding bill has been rendered and from whom
39 or which the utility has received payment therefor, and to the super-
40 intendent or other person in charge of the building or premises
41 affected, if it can be readily ascertained that there is such super-
42 intendent or other person in charge.
43 (b) In lieu of personal delivery to the person or persons, firm or
44 corporation specified in paragraph (a) [above] of this subdivision, such
45 notice may be mailed in a postpaid wrapper to the address of such person
46 or persons, firm or corporation.
47 (c) In addition to the notice prescribed by paragraph (a) or (b) of
48 this subdivision, fifteen days written notice shall be (i) posted in the
49 public areas of such multiple dwelling, (ii) mailed to the "Occupant" of
50 each unit in that multiple dwelling, (iii) mailed to the local health
51 officer and the director of the social services district for the poli-
52 tical subdivision in which the multiple dwelling is located, (iv) if the
53 multiple dwelling is located in a city or a village, mailed to the mayor
54 thereof, or if there be none, to the manager, or, if the multiple dwell-
S. 9008--A 33 A. 10008--A
1 ing is located in a town, then mailed to the town supervisor, (v) mailed
2 to the county executive of the county in which the multiple dwelling is
3 located, or if there be none, then to the [chairman] chairperson of such
4 county's legislative body, and (vi) mailed to the office of the New York
5 state long term care ombudsman, if the multiple dwelling is a residen-
6 tial health care facility as defined in subdivision three of section
7 twenty-eight hundred one of the public health law, an adult care facili-
8 ty as defined in subdivision twenty-one of section two of the social
9 services law, or an assisted living residence as defined in subdivision
10 one of section forty-six hundred fifty-one of the public health law as
11 added by chapter two of the laws of two thousand four. Notice required
12 by subparagraphs (iv) and (v) of this paragraph may be mailed to the
13 persons specified therein or to their respective designees. The notice
14 required by this paragraph shall state [the intended date of discontin-
15 uance of service,] the amount due for such service, and [the procedure
16 by which any tenant or public agency may make such payment and thereby
17 avoid discontinuance of service] that the utility will not discontinue
18 service and shall seek a lien against the owner.
19 [(d) The written notice required by subparagraphs (iii), (iv), (v) and
20 (vi) of paragraph (c) of this subdivision shall be repeated not more
21 than four days nor less than two days prior to such discontinuance.
22 1-a. Whenever a notice of intention to discontinue utility service has
23 been made pursuant to the provisions of this section and obligations
24 owed the utility or municipality have been satisfied, the utility or
25 municipality shall notify, in the same manner as it gave such notice of
26 intention, the occupant of each unit that the intention to discontinue
27 utility service no longer exists.]
28 2. For the purposes of this section, the department charged with
29 enforcing the multiple dwelling law shall prepare a schedule of all
30 multiple dwellings within its jurisdiction and shall provide a copy of
31 such schedule to any gas, steam or electric corporation or municipality
32 subject to the provisions of this section. Such schedule shall be
33 revised semi-annually and a revised copy provided to such corporation.
34 Every county, and every municipality to which the multiple dwelling law
35 does not apply, which county or municipality has compiled or hereafter
36 may compile a listing of all multiple dwellings within its jurisdiction
37 shall make such listing available without charge to any gas, steam or
38 electric corporation providing service in such county or municipality.
39 3. [Any gas, electric or steam corporation or municipality which will-
40 fully fails to comply with the provisions of this section shall be
41 liable for a penalty of twenty-five dollars for each occupied unit of
42 the multiple dwelling for each day during which service is unlawfully
43 discontinued; provided, however, that when the only non-compliance with
44 this section is failure to mail notice to each "Occupant" as required by
45 clause (ii) of paragraph (c) of subdivision one above the penalty shall
46 be twenty-five dollars for each occupied unit of the multiple dwelling
47 to which notice was not mailed for each day during which service is
48 unlawfully discontinued. An action to recover a penalty under this
49 section may be brought by the counsel to the commission in any court of
50 competent jurisdiction in this state in the name of the people of the
51 state of New York. Any moneys recovered in such action shall be paid to
52 the state treasury to the credit of the general fund.
53 4.] Any person who willfully interferes with the posting of the notice
54 specified in [clause] subparagraph (i) of paragraph (c) of subdivision
55 one [above] of this section by any gas, steam or electric corporation or
56 municipality, willfully defaces or mutilates any such notice, or will-
S. 9008--A 34 A. 10008--A
1 fully removes the same from the place where it is posted by such company
2 prior to the date specified therein for the discontinuance of service
3 shall be guilty of a violation and, upon conviction, shall be punished
4 by a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars.
5 [5. The commission shall maintain rules and regulations for the
6 payment by tenants of utility bills for gas, electric or steam service
7 in a multiple dwelling to which this section applies where the owner of
8 any such multiple dwelling, or the person, firm or corporation to whom
9 or which the last preceding bill has been rendered or from whom or which
10 the utility or municipality has received payment therefor, has failed to
11 pay such utility bills. Such rules and regulations shall (a) provide
12 that utility service may not be discontinued to any such multiple dwell-
13 ing as long as the tenants continue to make timely payments in accord-
14 ance with established procedures; (b) include designation of an office
15 to advise tenants of the rights and procedures available pursuant to
16 such rules and regulations; (c) assure that tenants shall not be liable
17 for bills more than two months in arrears; and (d) require the commis-
18 sion upon petition of twenty-five percent of the tenants of such multi-
19 ple dwelling to meet with representatives of such tenants and the owner,
20 person, firm or corporation to whom or which the last preceding bill has
21 been rendered or from whom or which the utility has received payment
22 therefor.]
23 § 3. Section 116 of the public service law, as amended by chapter 713
24 of the laws of 1981, subdivision 5 as separately amended by chapter 511
25 of the laws of 1981, is amended to read as follows:
26 § 116. Discontinuance of water service to multiple dwellings. 1.
27 Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, no public utility company
28 shall discontinue water service to an entire multiple dwelling (as
29 defined in the multiple dwelling law or the multiple residence law)
30 located anywhere in this state for nonpayment of bills rendered for
31 service [unless such]. A public utility company or municipality may
32 commence an action against the owner of the premises affected seeking a
33 lien against such multiple dwelling for the amount of such utility
34 bills. A utility shall have given fifteen days' written notice of its
35 intention so to [discontinue] seek such lien as follows:
36 (a) Such notice shall be served personally on the owner of the prem-
37 ises affected, or in lieu thereof, to the person, firm, or corporation
38 to whom or which the last preceding bill has been rendered and from whom
39 or which the utility has received payment therefor, and to the super-
40 intendent or other person in charge of the building or premises
41 affected, if it can be readily ascertained that there is such super-
42 intendent or other person in charge.
43 (b) In lieu of personal delivery to the person or persons, firm or
44 corporation specified in paragraph (a) [above] of this subdivision, such
45 notice may be mailed in a postpaid wrapper to the address of such person
46 or persons, firm or corporation.
47 (c) In addition to the notice prescribed by paragraph (a) or (b)
48 [above] of this subdivision, fifteen days' written notice shall be (i)
49 posted in the public areas of such multiple dwelling, (ii) mailed to the
50 "Occupant" of each unit in that multiple dwelling, (iii) mailed to the
51 local health officer and the director of the social services district
52 for the political subdivision in which the multiple dwelling is located,
53 (iv) if the multiple dwelling is located in a city or a village, mailed
54 to the mayor thereof, or if there be none, to the manager, or, if the
55 multiple dwelling is located in a town, then mailed to the town supervi-
56 sor, and (v) mailed to the county executive of the county in which the
S. 9008--A 35 A. 10008--A
1 multiple dwelling is located, or if there be none, then to the [chair-
2 man] chairperson of such county's legislative body. Notice required by
3 subparagraphs (iv) and (v) of this paragraph may be mailed to the
4 persons specified therein or to their respective designees. The notice
5 required by this paragraph shall state the [intended date of discontin-
6 uance of service, the] amount due for such service, and [the procedure
7 by which any tenant or public agency may make such payment and thereby
8 avoid discontinuance of service] that the utility will not discontinue
9 service and shall seek a lien against the owner.
10 [(d) The written notice required by clauses (iii), (iv) and (v) of
11 paragraph (c) above shall be repeated not more than four days nor less
12 than two days prior to such discontinuance.
13 1-a. Whenever a notice of intention to discontinue utility service has
14 been made pursuant to the provisions of this section and obligations
15 owed the utility have been satisfied, the utility shall notify, in the
16 same manner as it gave such notice of intention, the occupant of each
17 unit that the intention to discontinue utility service no longer
18 exists.]
19 2. For the purposes of this section, the department charged with
20 enforcing the multiple dwelling law shall prepare a schedule of all
21 multiple dwellings within its jurisdiction and shall provide a copy of
22 such schedule to any water corporation subject to the provisions of this
23 section. Such schedule shall be revised semi-annually and a revised copy
24 provided to such corporation. Every county, and every municipality to
25 which the multiple dwelling law does not apply, which county or munici-
26 pality has compiled or hereafter may compile a listing of all multiple
27 dwellings within its jurisdiction shall make such listing available
28 without charge to any water corporation providing service in such county
29 or municipality.
30 3. [Any water corporation which willfully fails to comply with the
31 provisions of this section shall be liable for a penalty of twenty-five
32 dollars for each occupied unit of the multiple dwelling for each day
33 during which service is unlawfully discontinued; provided, however, that
34 when the only non-compliance with this section is failure to mail notice
35 to each "Occupant" as required by clause (ii) of paragraph (c) of subdi-
36 vision one above the penalty shall be twenty-five dollars for each occu-
37 pied unit of the multiple dwelling to which notice was not mailed for
38 each day during which service is unlawfully discontinued. An action to
39 recover a penalty under this section may be brought by the counsel to
40 the commission in any court of competent jurisdiction in this state in
41 the name of the people of the state of New York. Any monies recovered in
42 such action shall be paid to the state treasury to the credit of the
43 general fund.
44 4.] Any person who willfully interferes with the posting of the notice
45 specified in [clause] subparagraph (i) of paragraph (c) of subdivision
46 one [above] of this section by any water corporation, willfully defaces
47 or mutilates any such notice, or willfully removes the same from the
48 place where it is posted by such company prior to the date specified
49 therein for the discontinuance of service shall be guilty of a violation
50 and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding twenty-
51 five dollars.
52 [5. The commission shall maintain rules and regulations for the
53 payment by tenants of utility bills for water service in a multiple
54 dwelling to which this section applies where the owner of any such
55 multiple dwelling, or the person, firm or corporation to whom or which
56 the last preceding bill has been rendered or from whom or which the
S. 9008--A 36 A. 10008--A
1 utility has received payment therefore, has failed to pay such utility
2 bills. Such rules and regulations shall (i) provide that utility service
3 may not be discontinued to any such multiple dwelling as long as the
4 tenants continue to make timely payments in accordance with established
5 procedures; (ii) include designation of an office to advise tenants of
6 the rights and procedures available pursuant to such rules and regu-
7 lations; (iii) assure that tenants shall not be liable for bills more
8 than two months in arrears; and (iv) require the commission upon peti-
9 tion of twenty-five percent of the tenants of such multiple dwelling to
10 meet with representatives of such tenants and the owner, person, firm or
11 corporation to whom or which the last preceding bill has been rendered
12 or from whom or which the utility has received payment therefore.]
13 § 4. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
14 have become a law.
15 PART R
16 Section 1. Subdivision 5 of section 8-0105 of the environmental
17 conservation law, as amended by chapter 228 of the laws of 1976, is
18 amended and two new subdivisions 11 and 12 are added to read as follows:
19 5. "Actions" do not include:
20 (i) enforcement proceedings or the exercise of prosecutorial
21 discretion in determining whether or not to institute such proceedings;
22 (ii) official acts of a ministerial nature, involving no exercise of
23 discretion;
24 (iii) maintenance or repair involving no substantial changes in
25 [exsiting] existing structure or facility.
26 11. "Previously disturbed site" means a parcel of land that:
27 (i) has been developed prior to two years before the application for a
28 permit or authorization for an action;
29 (ii) is substantially altered by one or more of the following uses or
30 a combination thereof, whether currently in use, abandoned, or demol-
31 ished: buildings or structures, impervious surfaces, maintained lawns
32 or other non-vegetated maintained areas, or public infrastructure utili-
33 ties;
34 (iii) is not located in a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
35 designated 100-year floodplain; and
36 (iv) has not been used for agricultural purposes within three of the
37 last five years before the application for a permit or authorization for
38 an action.
39 12. "Small community water system" means a public water system which
40 serves at least five service connections used by year-round residents or
41 regularly serves at least twenty-five year-round residents, and serves
42 thirty-three hundred or fewer persons.
43 § 2. The opening paragraph of subdivision 4 of section 8-0109 of the
44 environmental conservation law, as amended by chapter 49 of the laws of
45 2023, is amended to read as follows:
46 As early as possible in the formulation of a proposal for an action
47 but not more than one year from the establishment of a lead agency, the
48 responsible agency shall make an initial determination as to whether an
49 environmental impact statement need be prepared for the action. In
50 making such determination for any proposed action the responsible agency
51 shall consider whether such action may cause or increase a dispropor-
52 tionate pollution burden on a disadvantaged community that is directly
53 or significantly indirectly affected by such action. When an action is
54 to be carried out or approved by two or more agencies, such determi-
S. 9008--A 37 A. 10008--A
1 nation shall be made as early as possible after the designation of the
2 lead agency.
3 § 3. Subdivision 5 of section 8-0109 of the environmental conservation
4 law is amended by adding a second undesignated paragraph to read as
5 follows:
6 Notwithstanding the specified time periods established by this arti-
7 cle, for actions involving applications for a permit or authorization,
8 the agency shall prepare and make available the environmental impact
9 statement within two years after the date a draft environmental impact
10 statement is determined to be required, unless the agency extends the
11 deadline in writing and, in consultation with an applicant and at the
12 discretion of the agency, establishes a new deadline that provides only
13 so much additional time as is necessary to complete the environmental
14 impact statement, considering any changes made by the applicant to the
15 project design after the issuance of the scoping document that result in
16 new significant environmental impacts, or additional actions that could
17 not have been reasonably anticipated during scoping, or the failure of
18 an applicant to provide necessary information despite good faith effort
19 by an agency, or delay in circumstances beyond the control of an agency
20 or an applicant.
21 § 4. Subdivision 5 of section 8-0111 of the environmental conservation
22 law is amended by adding five new paragraphs (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h)
23 to read as follows:
24 (d) Actions involving the construction of housing in cities, towns,
25 and villages with populations of one million or more, provided that such
26 actions meet all of the following criteria:
27 (i) such actions shall not involve projects that would be located
28 within a coastal flooding area, as designated by the relevant local
29 agency;
30 (ii) such actions shall not involve projects located within an area
31 zoned exclusively for industrial uses, as designated by the relevant
32 local agency;
33 (iii) for any such actions that involve projects that would include
34 residential and non-residential uses, any such projects shall contain no
35 more than fifty thousand square feet of non-residential uses; and
36 (iv) for any such actions that involve projects that meet the criteria
37 in subparagraphs (i), (ii), and (iii) of this paragraph, any such
38 projects shall not exceed two hundred fifty dwelling units. Provided,
39 however, that for any such actions that involve projects located within
40 medium- or high-density residential or medium- or high-density mixed-use
41 districts, as designated by the relevant local agency, any such projects
42 shall not exceed five hundred dwelling units.
43 (e) Actions involving construction of housing in cities, towns, and
44 villages with populations of fewer than one million persons, provided
45 that such actions meet all of the following criteria:
46 (i) such actions involve projects that shall be connected to existing
47 community or public water and sewerage systems at the commencement of
48 habitation;
49 (ii) such actions involve projects that shall be located at a previ-
50 ously disturbed site;
51 (iii) for any such actions involving mixed-use projects, any such
52 projects shall contain no more than fifty thousand square feet of non-
53 residential uses or twenty percent non-residential uses by gross floor
54 area, whichever is less; and
55 (iv) such actions involve projects that shall not exceed one hundred
56 dwelling units.
S. 9008--A 38 A. 10008--A
1 (f) Actions occurring at a previously disturbed site involving the
2 following:
3 (i) construction of public parks that do not include performance
4 centers, athletic stadiums, or other venues for mass gatherings;
5 (ii) construction of multi-use bicycle and pedestrian trails; or
6 (iii) construction of new or renovated childcare facilities that will
7 be connected to existing community or public water and sewerage systems
8 at the commencement of use.
9 (g) Actions involving water and wastewater infrastructure projects
10 that meet the following criteria:
11 (i) replacement, rehabilitation or reconstruction of municipal water
12 or wastewater infrastructure, in-kind and on the same site, including
13 lead service line replacement; or
14 (ii) replacement, rehabilitation, upgrades or reconstruction of an
15 existing small community water system; or
16 (iii) a project to provide sewer service to a disadvantaged community
17 served by one or more inadequate sewage treatment systems that has been
18 determined by the department not to require a permit or approval pursu-
19 ant to articles fifteen, twenty-four or twenty-five of this chapter or
20 any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.
21 (h) Actions consisting of the retrofit of an existing structure and
22 its appurtenant areas to incorporate green infrastructure.
23 § 5. Section 8-0111 of the environmental conservation law is amended
24 by adding a new subdivision 7 to read as follows:
25 7. Statute of limitations. The time to commence a proceeding to review
26 an agency determination under the provisions of this article or under
27 the rules or regulations implementing the provisions of this article
28 shall begin to accrue when the agency determination to approve or disap-
29 prove the action becomes final and binding upon the petitioner or the
30 person whom the petitioner represents in law or in fact.
31 § 6. Nothing contained in this act shall be interpreted or construed
32 as modifying or affecting any authorizations, requirements, or proce-
33 dures under the national historic preservation act of 1966, the New York
34 state historic preservation act of 1980, the parks, recreation and
35 historic preservation law, or any other state or local law governing the
36 identification, protection, or management of historic properties, or
37 under any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder. Nor shall
38 anything in this act be interpreted or construed as modifying or affect-
39 ing any authorizations, requirements, or procedures other than those
40 pertaining to environmental review conducted pursuant to article 8 of
41 the environmental conservation law and any state and local regulations
42 promulgated thereunder.
43 § 7. This act shall take effect immediately and shall apply to all
44 pending proceedings on and after such effective date; provided, however,
45 that actions for which a determination to require an environmental
46 impact statement are made prior to the effective date of this act shall
47 not be subject to the provisions of this act.
48 PART S
49 Section 1. Subdivisions 2 and 3 of section 54-1521 of the environ-
50 mental conservation law, as amended by section 1 of part CCC of chapter
51 55 of the laws of 2021, paragraph a of subdivision 2 and paragraph a of
52 subdivision 3 as amended by section 1 of part CCC of chapter 58 of the
53 laws of 2025, are amended to read as follows:
S. 9008--A 39 A. 10008--A
1 2. a. Until April 1, 2029, the commissioner, in consultation with the
2 New York state energy research and development authority, is authorized
3 to issue rebates until the annual allocation is exhausted to munici-
4 palities toward the cost of any eligible infrastructure projects which
5 support the development of clean vehicles.
6 b. The department, in consultation with the New York state energy
7 research and development authority, shall determine the amount of the
8 rebate for eligible infrastructure projects[, provided that an applicant
9 for such eligible infrastructure project rebate may receive a maximum
10 rebate of two hundred fifty thousand dollars per facility, provided
11 however that infrastructure projects that will maximize access by multi-
12 ple public users who might otherwise not have access may receive a maxi-
13 mum of three hundred thousand dollars per facility].
14 3. a. Until April 1, 2029, the commissioner, in consultation with the
15 New York state energy research and development authority, is authorized
16 to issue rebates until the annual allocation is exhausted to munici-
17 palities toward the cost of eligible purchases of clean vehicles.
18 b. The department, in consultation with the New York state energy
19 research and development authority, shall determine the amount of the
20 rebate taking into consideration the electric range of the vehicle[,
21 provided that a rebate of an eligible purchase shall be not less than
22 two thousand five hundred dollars per vehicle and not more than seven
23 thousand five hundred dollars per vehicle].
24 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
25 PART T
26 Section 1. Section 2 of chapter 584 of the laws of 2011, amending the
27 public authorities law relating to the powers and duties of the dormito-
28 ry authority of the state of New York relative to the establishment of
29 subsidiaries for certain purposes, as amended by section 1 of part V of
30 chapter 58 of the laws of 2024, is amended to read as follows:
31 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be
32 deemed repealed on July 1, [2026] 2028; provided however, that the expi-
33 ration of this act shall not impair or otherwise affect any of the
34 powers, duties, responsibilities, functions, rights or liabilities of
35 any subsidiary duly created pursuant to subdivision twenty-five of
36 section 1678 of the public authorities law prior to such expiration.
37 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
38 PART U
39 Section 1. This Part enacts into law components of legislation relat-
40 ing to the conveyance and use of real property owned and maintained by
41 the state university of New York and the New York state department of
42 transportation. Each component is wholly contained within a Subpart
43 identified as Subparts A through C. The effective date for each partic-
44 ular provision contained within such Subpart is set forth in the last
45 section of such Subpart. Any provision in any section contained within a
46 Subpart, including the effective date of the Subpart, which makes refer-
47 ence to a section "of this act", when used in connection with that
48 particular component, shall be deemed to mean and refer to the corre-
49 sponding section of the Subpart in which it is found. Section three of
50 this Part sets forth the general effective date of this Part.
51 SUBPART A
S. 9008--A 40 A. 10008--A
1 Section 1. Legislative findings. The legislature finds that the state
2 university of New York at Farmingdale [("Farmingdale")] ("the universi-
3 ty") seeks to use approximately [8.7] 9.26 acres of vacant land on
4 Farmingdale's campus to build multi-purpose facilities to support hous-
5 ing needs and supporting amenities, fulfilling a necessary and vital
6 public purpose. The legislature further finds that granting the trustees
7 of the state university of New York ("trustees") the authority and power
8 to lease and otherwise contract to make available grounds and facilities
9 of the Farmingdale campus will ensure such land is utilized for the
10 benefit of Farmingdale, the surrounding community, and the general
11 public.
12 § 2. Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the state univer-
13 sity trustees are hereby authorized and empowered, without any public
14 bidding, to lease and otherwise contract to make available to Farming-
15 dale state development corporation, a not-for-profit corporation (the
16 "ground lessee"), a portion of the lands of [Farmingdale] the university
17 generally described in this act for the purpose of developing,
18 constructing, maintaining and operating multi-purpose facilities to
19 support housing needs and supporting amenities. Such lease or contract
20 shall be for a period not exceeding ninety-nine years without any fee
21 simple conveyance and otherwise upon terms and conditions determined by
22 such trustees, subject to the approval of the director of the division
23 of the budget, the attorney general and the state comptroller. In the
24 event that the real property that is the subject of such lease or
25 contract shall cease to be used for the purpose described in this act,
26 such lease or contract shall immediately terminate, and the real proper-
27 ty and any improvements thereon shall revert to the state university of
28 New York. Any lease or contract entered into pursuant to this act shall
29 provide that the real property that is the subject of such lease or
30 contract and any improvements thereon shall revert to the state univer-
31 sity of New York on the expiration of such contract or lease. Any and
32 all proceeds related to the leases authorized by this act shall be used
33 for the benefit of the Farmingdale campus and the allocation of such
34 proceeds shall be subject to approval by the trustees.
35 § 3. Any contract or lease entered into pursuant to this act shall be
36 deemed to be a state contract for purposes of article 15-A of the execu-
37 tive law, and any contractor, subcontractor, lessee or sublessee enter-
38 ing into such contract or lease for the construction, demolition, recon-
39 struction, excavation, rehabilitation, repair, renovation, alteration or
40 improvement authorized pursuant to this act shall be deemed a state
41 agency for the purposes of article 15-A of the executive law and subject
42 to the provisions of such article.
43 § 4. Notwithstanding any general, special or local law or judicial
44 decision to the contrary, all work performed on a project authorized by
45 this act where all or any portion thereof involves a lease or agreement
46 for construction, demolition, reconstruction, excavation, rehabili-
47 tation, repair, renovation, alteration or improvement shall be deemed
48 public work and shall be subject to and performed in accordance with the
49 provisions of article 8 of the labor law to the same extent and in the
50 same manner as a contract of the state, and compliance with all the
51 provisions of article 8 of the labor law shall be required of any
52 lessee, sublessee, contractor or subcontractor on the project, including
53 the enforcement of prevailing wage requirements by the fiscal officer as
54 defined in paragraph e of subdivision 5 of section 220 of the labor law
55 to the same extent as a contract of the state.
S. 9008--A 41 A. 10008--A
1 § 5. Notwithstanding any law, rule or regulation to the contrary, the
2 state university of New York shall not contract out to the ground lessee
3 or any subsidiary for the instruction or any pedagogical functions or
4 services, or any administrative services, and similar professional
5 services currently being performed by state employees. All such func-
6 tions and services shall be performed by state employees pursuant to the
7 civil service law. Nothing in this act shall result in the displacement
8 of any currently employed state worker or the loss of position (includ-
9 ing partial displacement such as reduction in the hours of non-overtime,
10 wages or employment benefits), or result in the impairment of existing
11 contracts for services or collective bargaining rights pursuant to
12 existing agreements as provided under article 14 of the civil service
13 law. All positions currently at the state university of New York in the
14 unclassified service shall remain in the unclassified service. No
15 services or work on the property described in this act currently
16 performed by public employees at the time of the effective date of this
17 act, or that is similar in scope and nature to the work being currently
18 performed by public employees at the time of the effective date of this
19 act, shall be contracted out or privatized by the state university of
20 New York. The state university of New York acknowledges its obligations
21 as an employer under the civil service law and agrees that it will not
22 exercise its right to contract out for goods and services under any
23 applicable collective bargaining agreement.
24 §6. 1. The provisions of this section shall only apply to employees in
25 the unclassified service at the state university of New York.
26 2. Notwithstanding any law, rule or regulation to the contrary, the
27 state university of New York or an affiliated or associated entity of
28 the state university of New York shall not contract out to the ground
29 lessee or any subsidiary of the ground lessee or the research foundation
30 for the state university of New York for any services or privatize any
31 services currently being performed by employees in the unclassified
32 service at the state university of New York at Farmingdale. All such
33 functions and services currently performed by employees in unclassified
34 service shall be performed by employees in the unclassified service.
35 3. Nothing in this act relating to the lease of property to private
36 entities for the development, construction, or operation of facilities
37 shall be deemed to waive or impair any rights or benefits of employees
38 of the state university of New York that otherwise would be available to
39 them pursuant to the terms of agreements between the certified represen-
40 tatives of such employees and the state of New York or provisions of
41 article fourteen of the civil service law. The state university of New
42 York and the state of New York acknowledge their obligations as an
43 employer and agree that they will not exercise their right to contract
44 out for services under any applicable collective bargaining agreement.
45 § 7. For the purposes of this act:
46 (a) "project" shall mean work at the property authorized by this act
47 to be leased to the ground lessee as described in section thirteen of
48 this act that involves the design, construction, reconstruction, demoli-
49 tion, excavating, rehabilitation, repair, renovation, alteration or
50 improvement of such property.
51 (b) "project labor agreement" shall mean a pre-hire collective
52 bargaining agreement between a contractor and a labor organization,
53 establishing the labor organization as the collective bargaining repre-
54 sentative for all persons who will perform work on the project, and
55 which provides that only contractors and subcontractors who sign a pre-
S. 9008--A 42 A. 10008--A
1 negotiated agreement with the labor organization can perform project
2 work.
3 §8. Nothing in this act shall be deemed to waive or impair any rights
4 or benefits of employees of the state university of New York that other-
5 wise would be available to them pursuant to the terms of agreements
6 between the certified representatives of such employees and the state of
7 New York pursuant to article 14 of the civil service law, and all work
8 performed on such property that ordinarily would be performed by employ-
9 ees subject to article 14 of the civil service law shall continue to be
10 performed by such employees.
11 §9. Notwithstanding the provisions of any general, special, or local
12 law or judicial decision to the contrary, the ground lessee shall
13 require the use of a project labor agreement, as defined in subdivision
14 1 of section 222 of the labor law, for all contractors and subcontrac-
15 tors on the project, consistent with paragraph (a) of subdivision 2 of
16 section 222 of the labor law.
17 § [5] 10. Without limiting the determination of the terms and condi-
18 tions of such contracts or leases, such terms and conditions may provide
19 for leasing, subleasing, construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation,
20 improvement, operation and management of and provision of services and
21 assistance and the granting of licenses, easements and other arrange-
22 ments with regard to such grounds and facilities by [Farmingdale state
23 development corporation,] the ground lesee and parties contracting with
24 [Farmingdale state development corporation], the ground lessee and in
25 connection with such activities, the obtaining of funding or financing,
26 whether public or private, unsecured or secured, including, but not
27 limited to, secured by leasehold mortgages and assignments of rents and
28 leases, by [Farmingdale state development corporation] the ground lessee
29 and parties contracting with [Farmingdale state development corporation]
30 the ground lessee for the purposes of completing the project described
31 in this act.
32 § [6] 11. Such lease shall include an indemnity provision whereby the
33 lessee or sublessee promises to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the
34 lessor against all claims, suits, actions, and liability to all persons
35 on the leased premises, including tenant, tenant's agents, contractors,
36 subcontractors, employees, customers, guests, licensees, invitees and
37 members of the public, for damage to any such person's property, whether
38 real or personal, or for personal injuries arising out of tenant's use
39 or occupation of the demised premises.
40 § [7] 12. Any contracts entered into pursuant to this act between the
41 ground lessee and parties contracting with the ground lessee shall be
42 awarded by a competitive process.
43 § [8] 13. The property authorized by this act to be leased to [Farm-
44 ingdale state development corporation] the ground lessee is generally
45 described as that parcel of real property with improvements thereon
46 consisting of a total of [8.7] 9.26 acres situated on the campus of the
47 state university of New York at Farmingdale, subject to all existing
48 easements and restrictions of record. The description in this section of
49 the parcel to be made available pursuant to this act is not meant to be
50 a legal description, but is intended only to identify the parcel:
51 All that certain plot, piece or parcel of land, situate, lying and
52 being at Melville, Town of Huntington, County of Suffolk and State of
53 New York, being more particularly bounded and described as follows:
54 BEGINNING at the corner formed by the intersection of the southerly side
55 of Melville Road with the westerly side of Route 110 (Broad Hollow
56 Road). Running Thence the following 12 (twelve) courses and distances:
S. 9008--A 43 A. 10008--A
1 1. Southerly, along the westerly side of Route 110, along the arc of a
2 curve, bearing to the right, having a radius of 5629.58 feet and a
3 length of 241.37 feet; 2. Still along said side, South 18 degrees 09
4 minutes 05 seconds West, a distance of 121.11 feet; 3. Westerly, North
5 56 degrees 29 minutes 30 seconds West, a distance of 100.00 feet; 4.
6 Southerly, South 15 degrees 47 minutes 32 seconds West, a distance of
7 125.97 feet; 5. Westerly, North 56 degrees 29 minutes 30 seconds West,
8 a distance of 545.14 feet; 6. Still westerly, North 56 degrees 05
9 minutes 25 seconds West, a distance of 382.45 feet; 7. Still westerly,
10 North 56 degrees 57 minutes 00 seconds West, a distance of 300 feet, to
11 the southerly side of Melville Road; 8. Easterly, along said side, along
12 the arc of a curve, bearing to the right, having a radius of 512.54
13 feet, and a length of 485.98 feet; 9. Still along said side, South 66
14 degrees 50 minutes 52 seconds East, a distance of 196.45 feet; 10. Still
15 along said side, along the arc of a curve, bearing to the left, having a
16 radius of 1313.24 feet and a length of 274.97 feet; 11. Still along said
17 side, South 78 degrees 50 minutes 40 seconds East, a distance of 228.40
18 feet; 12. Still along said side, South 45 degrees 52 minutes 29 seconds
19 East, a distance of 130.39 feet, to the westerly side of Route 110, at
20 the Point or Place of BEGINNING. Containing within said bounds an area
21 of 9.26 acres more or less. Subject to all existing easements and
22 restrictions of record.
23 [The property is situated at the southwest corner of NYS Route 110 and
24 Melville Road. The eastern boundary runs north/south along the western
25 side of NYS Route 110 with approximately 450 feet of frontage. The
26 northern boundary runs along Melville Road for just over 1,000 feet.]
27 § [9] 14. The state university of New York shall not lease lands
28 described in this act unless any such lease shall be executed within 5
29 years of the effective date of this act.
30 § [10] 15. Insofar as the provisions of this act are inconsistent
31 with the provisions of any law, general, special or local, the
32 provisions of this act shall be controlling.
33 § 11. This act shall take effect immediately.
34 SUBPART B
35 Section 1. Legislative findings. The legislature finds that the state
36 university of New York at Stony Brook [("Stony Brook")] ("the universi-
37 ty") seeks to use approximately [10] 11.5 acres of underutilized land on
38 Stony Brook's Southampton campus to build multi-purpose facilities to
39 support housing needs and supporting amenities, fulfilling a necessary
40 and vital public purpose. The legislature further finds that granting
41 the trustees of the state university of New York ("trustees") the
42 authority and power to lease and otherwise contract to make available
43 grounds and facilities of Stony Brook's campus will ensure such land is
44 utilized for the benefit of Stony Brook, the surrounding community, and
45 the general public.
46 § 2. Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the state univer-
47 sity trustees are authorized and empowered, without any public bidding,
48 to lease and otherwise contract to make available to Stony Brook South-
49 ampton Housing Development Corp., a not-for-profit ([a] ground lessee),
50 a portion of the lands of [Stony Brook] the university generally
51 described in this act for the purpose of developing, constructing, main-
52 taining and operating multi-purpose facilities to support housing needs
53 and supporting amenities. Such lease or contract shall be for a period
54 not exceeding ninety-nine years without any fee simple conveyance and
S. 9008--A 44 A. 10008--A
1 otherwise upon terms and conditions determined by such trustees, subject
2 to the approval of the director of the division of the budget, the
3 attorney general and the state comptroller. In the event that the real
4 property that is the subject of such lease or contract shall cease to be
5 used for the purpose described in this act, such lease or contract shall
6 immediately terminate and the real property and any improvements thereon
7 shall revert to the state university of New York. Any lease or contract
8 entered into pursuant to this act shall provide that the real property
9 that is the subject of such lease or contract and any improvements ther-
10 eon shall revert to the state university of New York on the expiration
11 of such contract or lease. [Any and all proceeds related to the leases
12 authorized by this act shall be used for the benefit of the Stony Brook
13 campus and the allocation of such proceeds shall be subject to approval
14 by the trustees.]
15 § 3. Any contract or lease entered into pursuant to this act shall be
16 deemed to be a state contract for purposes of article 15-A of the execu-
17 tive law, and any contractor, subcontractor, lessee or sublessee enter-
18 ing into such contract or lease for the construction, demolition, recon-
19 struction, excavation, rehabilitation, repair, renovation, alteration or
20 improvement authorized pursuant to this act shall be deemed a state
21 agency for the purposes of article 15-A of the executive law and subject
22 to the provisions of such article.
23 § 4. Notwithstanding any general, special or local law or judicial
24 decision to the contrary, all work performed on a project authorized by
25 this act where all or any portion thereof involves a lease or agreement
26 for construction, demolition, reconstruction, excavation, rehabili-
27 tation, repair, renovation, alteration or improvement shall be deemed
28 public work and shall be subject to and performed in accordance with the
29 provisions of article 8 of the labor law to the same extent and in the
30 same manner as a contract of the state, and compliance with all the
31 provisions of article 8 of the labor law shall be required of any
32 lessee, sublessee, contractor or subcontractor on the project, including
33 the enforcement of prevailing wage requirements by the fiscal officer as
34 defined in paragraph e of subdivision 5 of section 220 of the labor law
35 to the same extent as a contract of the state.
36 §5. Notwithstanding any law, rule or regulation to the contrary, the
37 state university of New York shall not contract out to the ground lessee
38 or any subsidiary for the instruction or any pedagogical functions or
39 services, or any administrative services, and similar professional
40 services currently being performed by state employees. All such func-
41 tions and services shall be performed by state employees pursuant to the
42 civil service law. Nothing in this act shall result in the displacement
43 of any currently employed state worker or the loss of position (includ-
44 ing partial displacement such as reduction in the hours of non-overtime,
45 wages or employment benefits), or result in the impairment of existing
46 contracts for services or collective bargaining rights pursuant to
47 existing agreements as provided under article 14 of the civil service
48 law. All positions currently at the state university of New York in the
49 unclassified service shall remain in the unclassified service. No
50 services or work on the property described in this act currently
51 performed by public employees at the time of the effective date of this
52 act, or that is similar in scope and nature to the work being currently
53 performed by public employees at the time of the effective date of this
54 act, shall be contracted out or privatized by the state university of
55 New York. The state university of New York acknowledges its obligations
56 as an employer under the civil service law and agrees that it will not
S. 9008--A 45 A. 10008--A
1 exercise its right to contract out for goods and services under any
2 applicable collective bargaining agreement.
3 §6. 1. The provisions of this section shall only apply to employees in
4 the unclassified service at the state university of New York.
5 2. Notwithstanding any law, rule or regulation to the contrary, the
6 state university of New York or an affiliated or associated entity of
7 the state university of New York shall not contract out to the ground
8 lessee or any subsidiary of the ground lessee or the research foundation
9 for the state university of New York for any services or privatize any
10 services currently being performed by employees in the unclassified
11 service at the state university of New York at Stonybrook. All such
12 functions and services currently performed by employees in unclassified
13 service shall be performed by employees in the unclassified service.
14 3. Nothing in this act relating to the lease of property to private
15 entities for the development, construction, or operation of facilities
16 shall be deemed to waive or impair any rights or benefits of employees
17 of the state university of New York that otherwise would be available to
18 them pursuant to the terms of agreements between the certified represen-
19 tatives of such employees and the state of New York or provisions of
20 article fourteen of the civil service law. The state university of New
21 York and the state of New York acknowledge their obligations as an
22 employer and agree that they will not exercise their right to contract
23 out for services under any applicable collective bargaining agreement.
24 §7. For the purposes of this act:
25 (a) "project" shall mean work at the property authorized by this act
26 to be leased to the ground lessee as described in section thirteen of
27 this act that involves the design, construction, reconstruction, demoli-
28 tion, excavating, rehabilitation, repair, renovation, alteration or
29 improvement of such property.
30 (b) "project labor agreement" shall mean a pre-hire collective
31 bargaining agreement between a contractor and a labor organization,
32 establishing the labor organization as the collective bargaining repre-
33 sentative for all persons who will perform work on the project, and
34 which provides that only contractors and subcontractors who sign a pre-
35 negotiated agreement with the labor organization can perform project
36 work.
37 §8. Nothing in this act shall be deemed to waive or impair any rights
38 or benefits of employees of the state university of New York that other-
39 wise would be available to them pursuant to the terms of agreements
40 between the certified representatives of such employees and the state of
41 New York pursuant to article 14 of the civil service law, and all work
42 performed on such property that ordinarily would be performed by employ-
43 ees subject to article 14 of the civil service law shall continue to be
44 performed by such employees.
45 §9. Notwithstanding the provisions of any general, special, or local
46 law or judicial decision to the contrary, the ground lessee shall
47 require the use of a project labor agreement, as defined in subdivision
48 1 of section 222 of the labor law, for all contractors and subcontrac-
49 tors on the project, consistent with paragraph (a) of subdivision 2 of
50 section 222 of the labor law
51 § [5] 10. Without limiting the determination of the terms and condi-
52 tions of such contracts or leases, such terms and conditions may provide
53 for leasing, subleasing, construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation,
54 improvement, operation and management of and provision of services and
55 assistance and the granting of licenses, easements and other arrange-
56 ments with regard to such grounds and facilities by the ground lessee,
S. 9008--A 46 A. 10008--A
1 and parties contracting with the ground lessee, and in connection with
2 such activities, the obtaining of funding or financing, whether public
3 or private, unsecured or secured, including, but not limited to, secured
4 by leasehold mortgages and assignments of rents and leases, by the
5 ground lessee and parties contracting with the ground lessee for the
6 purposes of completing the project described in this act.
7 § [6] 11. Such lease shall include an indemnity provision whereby the
8 lessee or sublessee promises to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the
9 lessor against all claims, suits, actions, and liability to all persons
10 on the leased premises, including tenant, tenant's agents, contractors,
11 subcontractors, employees, customers, guests, licensees, invitees and
12 members of the public, for damage to any such person's property, whether
13 real or personal, or for personal injuries arising out of tenant's use
14 or occupation of the demised premises.
15 § [7] 12. Any contracts entered into pursuant to this act between the
16 ground lessee and parties contracting with the ground lessee shall be
17 awarded by a competitive process.
18 § [8] 13. The property authorized by this act to be leased to the
19 ground lessee is generally described as that parcel of real property
20 with improvements thereon consisting of a total of approximately [10]
21 11.5 acres of land situated on the Southampton campus of the state
22 university of New York at Stony Brook, [subject to all existing ease-
23 ments and restrictions of record]. The description in this section of
24 the parcel to be made available pursuant to this act is not meant to be
25 a legal description, but is intended only to identify the parcel:
26 Beginning at a point on the southerly sideline of section 211, block
27 6, lot 9, now or formerly belonging to the MTA-LIRR, the said point
28 being distant 1135.50 feet on a bearing of south 86 degrees 01 minutes
29 07 seconds west from the intersection of the said lirr sideline with the
30 westerly sideline of tuckahoe road (50 feet wide), and running from the
31 said point of beginning; thence running through section 211, block 1,
32 lot 1 the following nine (9) courses:
33 (1) South 00 degrees 15 minutes 03 seconds east for a distance of 456.85
34 feet; thence
35 (2) South 85 degrees 52 minutes 00 seconds west, a distance of 97.30
36 feet to a point of curvature; thence
37 (3) On a curve to the left having a radius of 100.00 feet, a central
38 angle of 19 degrees 15 minutes 58 seconds and an arc length of 33.63
39 feet to a point of reverse curvature; thence
40 (4) On a curve to the right having a radius of 100.00 feet, a central
41 angle of 17 degrees 48 minutes 58 seconds and an arc length of 31.09
42 feet to a point of tangency; thence
43 (5) South 84 degrees 25 minutes 00 seconds west, a distance of 105.00
44 feet to a point of curvature; thence
45 (6) On a curve to the left having a radius of 65.00 feet, a central
46 angle of 73 degrees 17 minutes 00 seconds and an arc length of 83.14
47 feet to a point of tangency; thence
48 (7) South 11 degrees 08 minutes 00 seconds west, a distance of 54.50
49 feet; thence
50 (8) South 31 degrees 46 minutes 02 seconds west, being radial to the
51 following course, a distance of 48.50 feet; thence
52 (9) On a curve to the left having a radius of 125.00 feet, a central
53 angle of 39 degrees 49 minutes 32 seconds, and an arc length of 86.89
54 feet to a point of tangency; thence
55 (10) Continuing through said lot lot 1, passing through section 210,
56 block 2, lot 26 and then crossing into section 210, block 2, lot 25,
S. 9008--A 47 A. 10008--A
1 south 81 degrees 56 minutes 30 seconds west, a distance of 326.00 feet
2 to a point of curvature; thence
3 (11) Continuing through said lot 25, on a curve to the left having a
4 radius of 100.00 feet, a central angle of 43 degrees 59 minutes 00
5 seconds, and an arc length of 76.77 feet to a point of tangency; thence
6 (12) Continuing through said lot 25 and crossing back into aforemen-
7 tioned lot 26, south 37 degrees 57 minutes 30 seconds west, a distance
8 of 250.00 feet; thence
9 (13) Continuing through said lot 26, south 59 degrees 26 minutes 00
10 seconds west, a distance of 32.50 feet; thence
11 (14) Continuing through said lot 26 and crossing back into aforemen-
12 tioned lot 25, north 30 degrees 34 minutes 00 seconds west, a distance
13 of 126.00 feet to a point of curvature; thence
14 (15) Continuing through said lot 25, on a curve to the left having a
15 radius of 65.00 feet, a central angle of 48 degrees 54 minutes 30
16 seconds, and an arc length of 55.48 feet to a point of tangency; thence
17 (16) Continuing through the same, north 79 degrees 28 minutes 30 seconds
18 west, a distance of 92.22 feet; thence
19 (17) Along the dividing line of said lot 25 to the east with section
20 210, block 2, lot 11.3 to the west, north 17 degrees 43 minutes 47
21 seconds east, a distance of 160.35 feet; thence
22 (18) Along the dividing line of said lot 25 to the southeast with
23 section 210, block 2, lots 11.3, 11.4 and 11.5 to the northwest, north
24 55 degrees 50 minutes 47 seconds east, a distance of 438.30 feet; thence
25 (19) Along the dividing line of aforementioned lot 1 to the southeast
26 with said lot 11.5 to the northwest, north 55 degrees 51 minutes 07
27 seconds east, a distance of 315.93 feet; thence
28 (20) Along same, north 24 degrees 08 minutes 33 seconds west, a distance
29 of 155.67 feet; thence
30 (21) Along the dividing line of said lot 1 to the south with aforemen-
31 tioned lot 9 to the north, north 86 degrees 01 minutes 07 seconds east,
32 a distance of 593.70 feet to the point and place of beginning.
33 The above-described lease area contains 500,818 square feet or 11.4972
34 acres of land. Subject to all existing easements and restrictions of
35 record.
36 § [9] 14. The state university of New York shall not lease lands
37 described in this act unless any such lease shall be executed within 5
38 years of the effective date of this act.
39 § [10] 15. Insofar as the provisions of this act are inconsistent
40 with the provisions of any law, general, special or local, the
41 provisions of this act shall be controlling.
42 § [11] 16. This act shall take effect immediately.
43 SUBPART C
44 Section 1. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 400 of the trans-
45 portation law, or any other provision of law to the contrary, the
46 commissioner of transportation is hereby authorized and empowered to
47 transfer and convey certain state-owned real property, as described in
48 section two of this act, upon such terms and conditions as the commis-
49 sioner may deem appropriate.
50 § 2. The lands authorized by this act to be conveyed consist of two
51 parcels of land in the town of Babylon, Suffolk county, constituting tax
52 map numbers 0100-050.00-01.00-003.000 and 0100-050.00-01.00-002.000, and
53 generally described as approximately twelve and one-half acres of land
54 located north of Conklin Street and east of Route 110.
S. 9008--A 48 A. 10008--A
1 § 3. The description in section two of this act of the lands to be
2 conveyed is not intended to be a legal description and is intended only
3 to identify the premises to be conveyed.
4 § 4. This act shall take effect immediately.
5 § 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi-
6 sion, section, or subpart of this part shall be adjudged by any court of
7 competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect,
8 impair, or invalidate the remainder of that subpart or this part, but
9 shall be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph,
10 subdivision, section, or subpart directly involved in the controversy in
11 which such judgment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to
12 be the intent of the legislature that this part and each subpart herein
13 would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions had not been
14 included herein.
15 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
16 the applicable effective date of Subparts A through C of this act shall
17 be as specifically set forth in the last section of such Subparts.
18 PART V
19 Section 1. Subdivision 3 of section 16-m of section 1 of chapter 174
20 of the laws of 1968 constituting the New York state urban development
21 corporation act, as amended by section 1 of part EE of chapter 58 of the
22 laws of 2025, is amended to read as follows:
23 3. The provisions of this section shall expire, notwithstanding any
24 inconsistent provision of subdivision 4 of section 469 of chapter 309 of
25 the laws of 1996 or of any other law, on July 1, [2026] 2027.
26 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
27 PART W
28 Section 1. Section 2 of chapter 393 of the laws of 1994, amending the
29 New York state urban development corporation act, relating to the powers
30 of the New York state urban development corporation to make loans, as
31 amended by section 1 of part FF of chapter 58 of the laws of 2025, is
32 amended to read as follows:
33 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately provided, however, that
34 section one of this act shall expire on July 1, [2026] 2027, at which
35 time the provisions of subdivision 26 of section 5 of the New York state
36 urban development corporation act shall be deemed repealed; provided,
37 however, that neither the expiration nor the repeal of such subdivision
38 as provided for herein shall be deemed to affect or impair in any manner
39 any loan made pursuant to the authority of such subdivision prior to
40 such expiration and repeal.
41 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
42 PART X
43 Section 1. The general business law is amended by adding a new article
44 45-B to read as follows:
45 ARTICLE 45-B
46 DIGITAL CONTENT PROVENANCE ACT
47 Section 1530. Definitions.
48 1531. Synthetic content creations system.
49 1532. Content provenance verification.
50 1533. Exceptions.
S. 9008--A 49 A. 10008--A
1 1534. Enforcement by attorney general.
2 § 1530. Definitions. For the purposes of this article:
3 1. "Provenance data" means data that records the origin, or history of
4 modification of digital content and is communicated as a content creden-
5 tial, which at a minimum includes: (a) information about the origin or
6 creation of the content; (b) subsequent editing or modification to the
7 content or its metadata; and (c) use of a synthetic content creations
8 system in generating or modifying the content. Such information shall be
9 cryptographically bound to the underlying file and use signing creden-
10 tials. A synthetic content creations system provider will be deemed
11 compliant with this subdivision if such content credential is consistent
12 with the Technical Specification for Content Credentials published by
13 the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity, or similar estab-
14 lished standards-setting body. "Provenance data" shall not include
15 personal information as defined in subdivision five of section two
16 hundred two of the state technology law, or unique device, system, or
17 service information that is reasonably capable of being associated with
18 a particular user, including but not limited to an internet protocol
19 address, unless a user chooses to include such personal information in
20 such data described in paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this subdivision.
21 2. "Generative artificial intelligence system" means a class of arti-
22 ficial intelligence models that emulate the structure and character-
23 istics of input data to generate derived synthetic content, including,
24 but not limited to, images, videos, audio, text, and other digital
25 content.
26 3. "Synthetic content" means audio or visual content that has been
27 generated or modified by a synthetic content creations system.
28 4. "Synthetic content creations system provider" means an organization
29 or individual that creates, codes, or otherwise produces a synthetic
30 content creations system that is made publicly available for use by New
31 York residents, regardless of whether the terms of such use include
32 compensation.
33 5. "Synthetic content creations system hosting platform" means an
34 online repository or other website that makes a synthetic content
35 creations system available for use by a New York resident, regardless of
36 whether the terms of such use include compensation. Synthetic content
37 creations system hosting platform does not include cloud computing plat-
38 forms or other services that make synthetic content creations systems
39 available for use by a New York state resident solely at the direction
40 of others.
41 6. "Social media platform" shall have the same meaning as in section
42 eleven hundred of this chapter.
43 7. "Covered user" shall mean a user of a large online platform in the
44 state, not acting as an operator, or agent or affiliate of the operator
45 of such large online platform or any portion thereof.
46 8. "Artificial intelligence" or "artificial intelligence technology"
47 means a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined
48 objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing
49 real or virtual environments, and that uses machine- and human-based
50 inputs to perceive real and virtual environments, abstract such percep-
51 tions into models through analysis in an automated manner, and use model
52 inference to formulate options for information or action.
53 9. "AI model" means an information system or a component of an infor-
54 mation system that implements artificial intelligence technology and
55 uses computational, statistical, or machine-learning techniques to
56 produce outputs from a given set of inputs.
S. 9008--A 50 A. 10008--A
1 10. "Synthetic content creations system" means a class of generative
2 artificial intelligence systems capable of generating wholly synthetic
3 content. "Synthetic content creations system" shall not include technol-
4 ogies such as red-eye filters or other technologies that are only capa-
5 ble of making changes to existing audio or visual content.
6 11. "Large online platform" means a social media platform, file-shar-
7 ing platform, mass messaging platform, or stand-alone search engine that
8 distributes content to users who did not create or collaborate in creat-
9 ing the content. A "large online platform" does not include:
10 (a) broadband, broadband service or broadband internet, as defined in
11 paragraph (b) of subdivision two of section sixteen-gg of the urban
12 development corporation act; or
13 (b) a telecommunications service, as defined in section 153 of title
14 47 of the United States code.
15 12. "Mass messaging platform" means a direct messaging platform that
16 allows users to distribute content to more than one hundred users simul-
17 taneously.
18 § 1531. Synthetic content creations system. 1. To the extent it is
19 technically feasible and reasonable, a synthetic content creations
20 system provider shall apply provenance data, either directly or through
21 the use of third-party technology, to synthetic content produced or
22 modified by a synthetic content creations system that the synthetic
23 content creations system provider makes publicly available.
24 2. The application of provenance data to synthetic content, as
25 required by this section, shall, at a minimum, identify the digital
26 content as synthetic and communicate the following provenance data:
27 (a) that the content was created or modified using artificial intelli-
28 gence;
29 (b) the name of the synthetic content creations system provider;
30 (c) the time and date the provenance data was applied;
31 (d) the type of device, system, or service that was used to generate
32 the image, audio, or video; and
33 (e) the name of the tool used to apply the provenance data.
34 3. Synthetic content creations system hosting platforms shall not make
35 available a synthetic content creations system where the hosting plat-
36 form knows that the synthetic content creations system provider for such
37 system does not apply provenance data to content created or modified by
38 the artificial intelligence system in a manner consistent with specifi-
39 cations set forth in this section, nor shall a synthetic content
40 creations system hosting platform deliberately prevent a synthetic
41 content creations system provider from applying provenance data to
42 content created or modified by a synthetic content creations system in a
43 manner consistent with the specifications set forth in this section.
44 4. The provisions of this section shall only apply to synthetic
45 content creations systems that were created or modified after the effec-
46 tive date of this article.
47 § 1532. Content provenance verification. 1. A synthetic content
48 creations system provider shall, to the extent technically feasible and
49 reasonable, make available a provenance reader tool, whether created by
50 such provider or a third-party, at no cost to a user, that meets all of
51 the following criteria:
52 (a) The provenance reader tool enables a user to assess whether only
53 image, video, or audio content, or content that is any combination ther-
54 eof, was created or modified by the synthetic content creations system
55 provider;
S. 9008--A 51 A. 10008--A
1 (b) The provenance reader tool outputs any provenance data that is
2 detected in the content;
3 (c) The provenance reader tool does not output any personal informa-
4 tion, as defined in subdivision five of section two hundred two of
5 the state technology law, or unique device, system, or service informa-
6 tion that is reasonably capable of being associated with a partic-
7 ular user, that is detected in the content except where users indicate
8 their preference for including personal information, such as by choosing
9 to include it in provenance data manifests;
10 (d) The provenance reader tool is publicly available, provided that a
11 synthetic content creations system provider may impose reasonable limi-
12 tations on access to the tool to prevent, or respond to, demonstrable
13 risks to the security or integrity of its synthetic content creations
14 system or to prevent misuse of the tool for malicious purposes;
15 (e) The provenance reader tool provides an explanation to the user
16 regarding how the tool works, what its limitations are, and how to
17 interpret the results to the extent possible, without undermining its
18 effectiveness;
19 (f) The provenance reader tool allows a user to upload content or
20 provide a uniform resource locator (URL) linking to online content; and
21 (g) The provenance reader tool supports an application programming
22 interface that allows a user to invoke such tool without visiting the
23 synthetic content creations system provider's website.
24 2. A synthetic content creations system provider shall not collect or
25 retain personal information from users of the provenance reader tool as
26 a condition of using the provenance reader tool. A synthetic content
27 creations system provider may collect and retain the personal informa-
28 tion of a user who opts in to being contacted by such provider for the
29 purposes of submitting feedback to such provider regarding the prove-
30 nance reader tool.
31 3. Any content submitted to the provenance reader tool shall not be
32 retained by the synthetic content creations system provider for longer
33 than is necessary to comply with this article.
34 4. A synthetic content creations system provider shall offer the user
35 the option to include an easily perceived, understood or recognizable
36 manifest disclosure in image, video or audio content or content that is
37 any combination thereof, created or modified by such provider's synthet-
38 ic content creations system that meets the following criteria:
39 (a) The disclosure identifies the content as AI-generated content;
40 (b) The disclosure is clear, conspicuous, appropriate for the medium
41 of the content and is understandable to a reasonable natural person; and
42 (c) The disclosure is permanent or extraordinarily difficult to remove
43 or modify, to the extent technically feasible.
44 5. (a) A large online platform shall not to the extent technically
45 feasible, knowingly delete or disassociate, in whole or in part, prove-
46 nance data from or associated with content uploaded to such platform by
47 a covered user, unless such deletion or disassociation is required by
48 law. Nothing in this article shall be construed as prohibiting users
49 from choosing to include personal information in provenance data from or
50 associated with such uploaded content.
51 (b) A large online platform shall do all of the following, to the
52 extent technically feasible and reasonable:
53 (i) detect whether any provenance data that is compliant with widely
54 adopted specifications adopted by an established standards-setting body
55 is embedded into or attached to content uploaded or distributed on such
56 platform.
S. 9008--A 52 A. 10008--A
1 (ii) provide a provenance reader tool or user interface to disclose
2 the availability of provenance data that reliably indicates that the
3 content was generated or modified by a synthetic content creations
4 system provider. The user interface or provenance reader tool shall make
5 clearly and conspicuously available to a covered user, information that
6 includes but is not limited to the following:
7 (A) whether provenance data is available;
8 (B) the name of the synthetic content creations system provider that
9 created or substantially modified the content, if applicable; and
10 (C) whether any digital signatures are available.
11 (iii) allow a user to inspect provenance data that is embedded into or
12 attached to content uploaded or distributed on such platform where such
13 provenance data is compliant with widely adopted specifications adopted
14 by an established standards-setting body, in an easily accessible manner
15 by any of the following means:
16 (A) directly, through the provenance reader tool or user interface
17 pursuant to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph;
18 (B) allow a covered user to download a version of the content with its
19 attached provenance data; or
20 (C) provide a link to the content's provenance data displayed on an
21 internet website or in another application provided by either the large
22 online platform or a third party.
23 § 1533. Exceptions. This article shall not apply to any product,
24 service, internet website, or application that provides exclusively
25 non-user generated video game, television, streaming, movie or interac-
26 tive experiences.
27 § 1534. Enforcement by attorney general. Whenever there shall be a
28 violation of this article, the attorney general shall give written
29 notice to the person or entity violating this section identifying the
30 specific provisions of this article that are or were being violated. The
31 attorney general shall not bring an action under this section where,
32 within thirty days of receiving such written notice, the person or enti-
33 ty cures the violation and provides the attorney general with a written
34 statement confirming the violation was cured, including supporting
35 documentation on how the violation was cured. Where, after receipt of
36 the notice and the expiration of thirty days, the person or entity
37 continues to violate this article or for subsequent violations, an
38 application may be made by the attorney general in the name of the
39 people of the state of New York to a court or justice having jurisdic-
40 tion by a special proceeding to issue an injunction, and upon notice to
41 the defendant of not less than five days, to enjoin and restrain the
42 continuance of such violations; and if it shall appear to the satisfac-
43 tion of the court or justice that the defendant has, in fact, violated
44 this article, an injunction may be issued by such court or justice,
45 enjoining and restraining any further violation, without requiring proof
46 that any person has, in fact, been injured or damaged thereby. In any
47 such proceeding, the court may make allowances to the attorney general
48 as provided in paragraph six of subdivision (a) of section eighty-three
49 hundred three of the civil practice law and rules. Whenever the court
50 shall determine that a violation of this article has occurred, the court
51 may impose a civil penalty of not more than five thousand dollars for
52 each violation.
53 § 3. Severability. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision,
54 section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of competent
55 jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or
56 invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation
S. 9008--A 53 A. 10008--A
1 to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section or part thereof
2 directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have
3 been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the legislature
4 that this act would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions
5 had not been included herein.
6 § 4. This act shall take effect January 1, 2027.
7 PART Y
8 Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as
9 the "Safe by Design Act".
10 § 2. The general business law is amended by adding a new article 45-B
11 to read as follows:
12 ARTICLE 45-B
13 SAFE BY DESIGN ACT
14 Section 1539. Definitions.
15 1540. Privacy by default.
16 1541. Parental approvals.
17 1542. Prohibition on features that subvert the purposes of this
18 article.
19 1543. Nondiscrimination.
20 1544. Scope.
21 1545. Rulemaking authority.
22 1546. Remedies.
23 § 1539. Definitions. For the purposes of this article, the following
24 terms shall have the following meanings:
25 1. "Connected" and variations thereof shall mean that two users using
26 the covered platform or two accounts on the covered platform are
27 connected to each other by:
28 (a) sending a request to connect to another user or account holder and
29 having the request to connect accepted by the other user or account
30 holder; or
31 (b) receiving a request to connect from another user or account holder
32 and accepting the request to connect.
33 2. "Covered minor" shall mean any user in New York who has been
34 reasonably determined by an operator, via age assurance, as set forth in
35 this article, to be under the age of eighteen.
36 3. "Financial transaction" shall mean a transaction between users
37 involving any type of currency, including digital currency used within a
38 covered platform whether or not it can be converted to money.
39 4. "Operator" shall mean any person, business, or other legal entity
40 who operates or provides a covered platform.
41 5. "Parent" shall mean a parent or legal guardian.
42 6. "Covered platform" shall mean an online platform.
43 7. "Tag" shall mean when a user clearly identifies a second user in
44 posted media.
45 8. "User" shall mean a user of a covered platform not acting as an
46 operator, or agent or affiliate of such operator, of such platform or
47 any portion thereof.
48 9. "Covered user" shall mean a user of a covered platform in New York
49 not acting as an operator, agent or affiliate of such operator, of such
50 platform or of any portion thereof.
51 10. "Money" shall mean a medium of exchange currently authorized or
52 adopted by a domestic or foreign government.
53 11. "Digital currency" shall mean a digital representation of value,
54 recognized only on the covered platform, that is supplied, exchanged and
S. 9008--A 54 A. 10008--A
1 managed pursuant to the policies or rules of such covered platform, and
2 is not accepted or considered a medium of exchange currently authorized
3 or adopted by a domestic or foreign government.
4 12. "AI companion" shall have the same meaning as subdivision four of
5 section seventeen hundred of this chapter.
6 13. "Integrated AI companion" shall mean an AI companion that is an
7 accessible or usable feature of a covered platform.
8 14. "Online platform" shall mean a public or semi-public website,
9 online service, online application, or mobile application that:
10 (a) is used by a covered minor in this state;
11 (b) allows users to construct a public or semi-public profile for the
12 purposes of using such website, service, or application; and
13 (c) offers or provides the following features:
14 (i) a mechanism to allow users to publicly message each other in chat
15 rooms or privately message each other within the website, service or
16 application or through integration with a separate website, service, or
17 application; and
18 (ii) (A) a mechanism to create or post media that is viewable by other
19 users and a mechanism to respond to such media, including but not limit-
20 ed to, through a landing page or feed that presents the user with media
21 generated by other users; or
22 (B) a mechanism (1) to create games or immersive digital environments
23 for other users and (2) to exchange money for digital currency as well
24 as to exchange digital currency for money.
25 15. "Media" shall mean text, an image or a video. Games and immer-
26 sive digital environments are not media.
27 16. "Age assurance" shall mean any methods to reasonably determine a
28 covered user is not a covered minor, using methods that reasonably
29 prevent against circumvention. Such an age assurance method may include
30 a method that: (a) meets the requirements of article forty-five of this
31 chapter and its implementing regulations, except to ensure an adult
32 cannot pose as a minor, an operator cannot use self-declaration of age
33 or minor status to determine whether a user is a covered minor; or
34 (b) may be identified in regulations promulgated by the attorney
35 general consistent with paragraph (c) of subdivision one of section
36 fifteen hundred forty of this article.
37 § 1540. Privacy by default. 1. (a) No operator shall offer a covered
38 platform in this state without conducting age assurance to reasonably
39 determine whether a user is a covered minor. A covered platform may
40 rely on any prior determination of a user's age or age status completed
41 to comply with other laws or for any other purpose if the determination
42 was made consistent with the definition of age assurance pursuant to
43 subdivision sixteen of section fifteen hundred thirty-nine of this arti-
44 cle for purposes of this requirement.
45 (b) Information collected for the purpose of determining a user's age
46 under this article shall not be used for any purpose other than age
47 determination and shall be deleted immediately after an attempt to
48 determine a user's age, except where necessary for compliance with any
49 applicable provisions of New York state or federal law or regulation.
50 (c) The attorney general may promulgate regulations identifying meth-
51 ods for commercially reasonable age assurance, which may consider the
52 size, financial resources, and technical capabilities of covered plat-
53 forms, the costs and effectiveness of available age determination tech-
54 niques for users of such platforms, the audience of such platforms, and
55 prevalent practices of the industry of the operator. Such regulations
56 shall also identify the appropriate levels of accuracy that would be
S. 9008--A 55 A. 10008--A
1 considered reasonable for operators to achieve in determining whether a
2 user is a covered minor.
3 2. For all users determined by an operator to be a covered minor, such
4 operator shall utilize the following settings by default for covered
5 minors, which shall ensure that no user who is not already connected to
6 a covered minor may:
7 (a) communicate directly and privately with such minor;
8 (b) view or respond to media posted by such minor;
9 (c) tag such minor in posted media; or
10 (d) view the geographic location information of a covered minor if a
11 covered platform provides a mechanism by which users may share their
12 geographic location information with other users on the covered plat-
13 form.
14 3. A parent of a covered minor may override the default privacy
15 settings provided in subdivision two of this section at such parent's
16 discretion. An operator shall allow a parent to override or maintain
17 each privacy setting provided in subdivision two of this section sepa-
18 rately.
19 4. An operator shall notify a parent of a covered minor whenever such
20 covered minor requests the operator to obtain approval from a covered
21 minor's parent to change the default settings provided in subdivision
22 two of this section. Such notice shall include a statement that informs
23 the parent that they are changing a default setting required under New
24 York law. The parent may then either approve or deny the request to
25 change the settings for such minor.
26 5. A request by a user to connect with a covered minor may be sent
27 simultaneously with a request by such user to directly message such
28 covered minor. A request by a covered minor to connect with a user may
29 be sent simultaneously with a request by such covered minor to directly
30 message such user.
31 6. (a) An operator shall, by default, disable the access or use of any
32 integrated AI companion for covered minors.
33 (b) A parent of a covered minor may override the default disabled
34 access or use of an integrated AI companion, provided in subdivision one
35 of this section, at such parent's discretion. An operator shall allow a
36 parent to override or maintain the setting provided for in subdivision
37 one separately from any other mechanisms to override other default
38 settings.
39 (c) An operator shall notify a parent of a covered minor whenever such
40 minor requests that the operator get approval from a covered minor's
41 parent to change the default setting provided in subdivision one of this
42 section. This notice shall include a statement that informs the parent
43 that they are changing a default setting required under New York law.
44 The parent may either approve or deny the request to change such setting
45 for such minor.
46 § 1541. Parental approvals. 1. For all covered minors under the age of
47 thirteen, an operator shall require the parent of such covered minor to
48 approve all new connections with such covered minor before such covered
49 minor's and such other user's or such other's accounts may be connected.
50 For covered minors under the age of thirteen, an operator shall also
51 establish a mechanism by which a parent of such minor may easily view
52 the list of all users or accounts currently connected with the account
53 of the minor.
54 2. (a) For all covered minors, an operator shall establish a mechanism
55 that either: (i) enables the parent of such minor to set a monthly limit
56 on the spending of money, whether by charging a credit card or other
S. 9008--A 56 A. 10008--A
1 means, in connection with the direct or indirect purchase or acquisition
2 of anything on or via the covered platform, including but not limited to
3 digital currency, relating to such covered minor's account and where the
4 amount of such limit is set at the parent's discretion; or
5 (ii) enables the parent of such minor to opt out of setting such
6 limits.
7 (b) An operator may establish a mechanism to enable the covered minor
8 to request that the parent of such covered minor approve the further
9 expenditure of money, such as charging the credit card associated with
10 such covered minor's account, once the limit set forth in subparagraph
11 (i) of paragraph (a) of this subdivision is reached. In such an
12 instance, such parent shall approve the request before any such charges
13 may be processed by the operator.
14 (c) Such operator shall further establish a mechanism by which a
15 parent of a covered minor may easily view a history of all financial
16 transactions relating to such covered minor's account at any time, which
17 at a minimum, identifies the users involved in each such transaction, in
18 addition to the covered minor, as well as the amounts of money or
19 digital currency associated with each transaction.
20 § 1542. Prohibition on features that subvert the purposes of this
21 article. It shall be unlawful for a covered platform to deploy any
22 mechanism or design feature which has the effect of inhibiting the
23 purpose of this article.
24 § 1543. Nondiscrimination. An operator shall not withhold, degrade,
25 lower the quality of, or increase the price of any product, service, or
26 feature of a covered platform, other than as necessary for compliance
27 with the provisions of this article or any rules or regulations promul-
28 gated pursuant to this article, to a user due to such operator being
29 required to establish the settings and approvals provided in sections
30 fifteen hundred forty and fifteen hundred forty-one of this article.
31 § 1544. Scope. 1. This article shall apply to conduct that occurs in
32 whole or in part in New York. For purposes of this article, conduct
33 takes place wholly outside of New York if the covered platform is
34 accessed by a user who is physically located outside of New York.
35 2. Nothing in this article shall be construed to impose liability for
36 commercial activities or actions by operators subject to 15 U.S.C. §
37 6501 that is inconsistent with the treatment of such activities or
38 actions under 15 U.S.C. § 6502.
39 § 1545. Rulemaking authority. The attorney general may promulgate such
40 rules and regulations as are necessary to effectuate and enforce the
41 provisions of this article.
42 § 1546. Remedies. 1. On or after the effective date of this article,
43 whenever it appears to the attorney general, upon complaint or other-
44 wise, that any person, within or outside the state, has violated the
45 provisions of this article, the attorney general may bring an action or
46 special proceeding in the name and on behalf of the people of the state
47 of New York to enjoin any such violation, to obtain restitution of any
48 moneys or property obtained directly or indirectly by any such
49 violation, to obtain disgorgement of any profits or gains obtained
50 directly or indirectly by any such violation, to obtain damages caused
51 directly or indirectly by any such violation, to obtain civil penalties
52 of up to five thousand dollars per violation, and to obtain any such
53 other and further relief as the court may deem proper, including prelim-
54 inary relief.
55 2. The attorney general shall maintain a website to receive
56 complaints, information, and/or referrals from members of the public
S. 9008--A 57 A. 10008--A
1 concerning an operator's or covered platform's alleged compliance or
2 noncompliance with the provisions of this article.
3 § 3. Severability. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision,
4 section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of competent
5 jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or
6 invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation
7 to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section or part thereof
8 directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have
9 been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the legislature
10 that this act would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions
11 had not been included herein.
12 § 4. This act shall take effect January 1, 2027. Effective immediate-
13 ly, the addition, amendment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation
14 necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective date are
15 authorized to be made and completed on or before such effective date.
16 PART Z
17 Section 1. The general business law is amended by adding a new section
18 349-i to read as follows:
19 § 349-i. Advertising former prices. 1. No retail seller shall knowing-
20 ly advertise a reduction in the price of a product from such seller's
21 own former price, unless such former price is the actual, bona fide
22 price of the product for which the retail seller offered to the public,
23 openly and in good faith. For the purposes of this section, the follow-
24 ing non-exhaustive factors may be considered in determining whether such
25 former price is an actual, bona fide price:
26 a. Whether the former price exceeds the retail seller's usual and
27 customary retail mark-up for similar merchandise;
28 b. Whether the former price is the price at which or above which
29 substantial sales were made in the regular course of business;
30 c. Whether the former price was openly offered to the public on a
31 regular basis, for a reasonably substantial period of time, within the
32 regular course of business;
33 d. Whether the former price was openly offered to the public on a
34 regular basis, in the recent, regular course of business;
35 e. Whether the former price was not used in the recent past but at
36 some remote period in the past, without making disclosure of that fact;
37 or
38 f. Whether the former price was not openly offered to the public, or
39 was not maintained for a reasonable length of time, but was immediately
40 reduced.
41 2. Any violation of subdivision one of this section shall constitute a
42 deceptive act or deceptive practice within the meaning of section three
43 hundred forty-nine of this article.
44 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
45 PART AA
46 Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as
47 the "data broker accountability act".
48 § 2. The general business law is amended by adding a new article 48 to
49 read as follows:
50 ARTICLE 48
51 DATA BROKER ACCOUNTABILITY ACT
52 Section 1800. Definitions.
S. 9008--A 58 A. 10008--A
1 1801. Data broker registration.
2 1802. Data broker registration and deletion portal.
3 1803. Consumer deletion requests.
4 1804. Accessible deletion request mechanism for consumers.
5 1805. Data broker website disclosure requirements.
6 1806. Rulemaking.
7 1807. Powers, duties and adjudicatory proceedings.
8 1808. Statute of limitations.
9 1809. Enforcement.
10 1810. Assessments.
11 1811. Exemptions.
12 § 1800. Definitions. For purposes of this article, the following defi-
13 nitions shall have the following meanings:
14 1. "Advertising and marketing" means a communication by a business or
15 a person acting on such business' behalf in any medium intended to
16 induce a consumer to obtain goods, services, or employment.
17 2. "Aggregate consumer information" means information that relates to
18 a group or category of consumers, from which individual consumer identi-
19 ties have been removed, that is not linked or reasonably linkable to any
20 consumer or household, including via a device. The term "aggregate
21 consumer information" shall not include one or more individual consumer
22 records that have been deidentified.
23 3. "Biometric information" means an individual's physiological,
24 biological, or behavioral characteristics, including information
25 pertaining to an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), that is used
26 or is intended to be used singly or in combination with each other or
27 with other identifying data, to establish individual identity. The term
28 "biometric information" includes, but is not limited to, imagery of the
29 iris, retina, fingerprint, face, hand, palm, vein patterns, and voice
30 recordings, from which an identifier template, such as a faceprint, a
31 minutiae template, or a voiceprint, can be extracted, and keystroke
32 patterns or rhythms, gait patterns or rhythms, and sleep, health, or
33 exercise data that contain identifying information.
34 4. "Business" means:
35 (a) A sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company,
36 corporation, association, or other legal entity that is organized or
37 operated for the profit or financial benefit of its shareholders or
38 other owners, that collects consumers' personal information, or on the
39 behalf of which such information is collected and that alone, or jointly
40 with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of
41 consumers' personal information, that does business in the state of New
42 York, and that satisfies one or more of the following thresholds:
43 (i) as of January first of the relevant calendar year, had annual
44 gross revenues in excess of twenty-five million dollars in the preceding
45 calendar year;
46 (ii) alone or in combination, annually buys, sells, or shares the
47 personal information of one hundred thousand or more consumers or house-
48 holds; or
49 (iii) derives fifty percent or more of its annual revenues from sell-
50 ing or sharing consumers' personal information;
51 (b) (i) Any entity that controls or is controlled by a business, as
52 defined in paragraph (a) of this subdivision, and that shares common
53 branding with such business and with whom such business shares consum-
54 ers' personal information.
55 (ii) For the purposes of this paragraph, the following terms shall
56 have the following meanings:
S. 9008--A 59 A. 10008--A
1 (1) "Control" or "controlled" means ownership of, or the power to
2 vote, more than fifty percent of the outstanding shares of any class of
3 voting security of a business; control in any manner over the election
4 of a majority of the directors, or of individuals exercising similar
5 functions; or the power to exercise a controlling influence over the
6 management of a company;
7 (2) "Common branding" means a shared name, service mark, or trademark
8 that the average consumer would understand that two or more entities are
9 commonly owned;
10 (c) A joint venture or partnership composed of businesses in which
11 each business has at least a forty percent interest. For purposes of
12 this article, the joint venture or partnership and each business that
13 composes the joint venture or partnership shall separately be considered
14 a single business, except that personal information in the possession of
15 each business and disclosed to the joint venture or partnership shall
16 not be shared with the other business; or
17 (d) A person that does business in New York, that is not covered by
18 paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this subdivision, and that voluntarily
19 certifies to the office that it is in compliance with, and agrees to be
20 bound by, this article.
21 5. "Business purpose" means the use of personal information for the
22 business' operational purposes, or other notified purposes, or for the
23 service provider or contractor's operational purposes, as further
24 defined by regulations promulgated by the office, provided that the use
25 of personal information shall be reasonably necessary and proportionate
26 to achieve the purpose for which the personal information was collected
27 or processed or for another purpose that is compatible with the context
28 in which the personal information was collected. The term "business
29 purposes" shall include, but not be limited to:
30 (a) auditing related to counting ad impressions to unique visitors,
31 verifying positioning and quality of ad impressions, and auditing
32 compliance with this specification and other standards;
33 (b) helping to ensure security and integrity to the extent the use of
34 the consumer's personal information is reasonably necessary and propor-
35 tionate for these purposes;
36 (c) debugging to identify and repair errors that impair existing
37 intended functionality;
38 (d) short-term, transient use, including, but not limited to, non-per-
39 sonalized advertising shown as part of a consumer's current interaction
40 with the business, provided that the consumer's personal information is
41 not disclosed to another third party and is not used to build a profile
42 about the consumer or otherwise alter the consumer's experience outside
43 the current interaction with the business;
44 (e) performing services on behalf of the business, including maintain-
45 ing or servicing accounts, providing customer service, processing or
46 fulfilling orders and transactions, verifying customer information,
47 processing payments, providing financing, providing analytic services,
48 providing storage, or providing similar services on behalf of the busi-
49 ness;
50 (f) providing advertising and marketing services, except for cross-
51 context behavioral advertising, to the consumer provided that, for the
52 purpose of advertising and marketing, a service provider or contractor
53 shall not combine the personal information of opted-out consumers that
54 the service provider or contractor receives from, or on behalf of, the
55 business with personal information that the service provider or contrac-
S. 9008--A 60 A. 10008--A
1 tor receives from, or on behalf of, another person or persons or
2 collects from its own interaction with consumers;
3 (g) undertaking internal research for technological development and
4 demonstration; or
5 (h) undertaking activities to verify or maintain the quality or safety
6 of a service or device that is owned, manufactured, manufactured for, or
7 controlled by the business, and to improve, upgrade, or enhance the
8 service or device that is owned, manufactured, manufactured for, or
9 controlled by the business.
10 6. "Collects", "collected", or "collection" means buying, renting,
11 gathering, obtaining, receiving, or accessing any personal information
12 pertaining to a consumer by any means, including but not limited to,
13 receiving information from the consumer, either actively or passively,
14 or by observing the consumer's behavior.
15 7. "Consent" means any freely given, specific, informed, and unambig-
16 uous indication of a consumer's wishes by which such consumer, or such
17 consumer's legal guardian, a person who has power of attorney, or a
18 person acting as a conservator for such consumer, including by a state-
19 ment or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the proc-
20 essing of personal information relating to such consumer for a narrowly
21 defined particular purpose. Acceptance of a general or broad terms of
22 use, or similar document, that contains descriptions of personal infor-
23 mation processing along with other, unrelated information, shall not
24 constitute consent. Hovering over, muting, pausing, or closing a given
25 piece of content shall not constitute consent. Agreement obtained
26 through use of dark patterns shall not constitute consent.
27 8. "Consumer" means a natural person who is an individual who is in
28 New York state for other than a temporary or transitory purpose, and
29 every individual who is domiciled in New York state who is outside the
30 state for a temporary or transitory purpose.
31 9. "Contractor" means a person to whom a business makes available a
32 consumer's personal information for a business purpose, pursuant to a
33 written contract with such business, provided that such contract:
34 (a) prohibits the contractor from:
35 (i) selling or sharing such personal information;
36 (ii) retaining, using, or disclosing such personal information for any
37 purpose other than for the business purposes specified in such contract,
38 including retaining, using, or disclosing such personal information for
39 a commercial purpose other than the business purposes specified in such
40 contract, or as otherwise permitted by this article;
41 (iii) retaining, using, or disclosing such personal information
42 outside of the direct business relationship between the contractor and
43 such business;
44 (iv) combining such personal information that the contractor receives
45 pursuant to a written contract with such business with personal informa-
46 tion that it receives from or on behalf of another person or persons, or
47 collects from its own interaction with the consumer, provided that such
48 contractor may combine personal information to perform any business
49 purpose as defined in regulations adopted by the office;
50 (b) includes a certification made by the contractor that the contrac-
51 tor understands the restrictions provided for in accordance with para-
52 graph (a) of this subdivision and will comply with them;
53 (c) permits, subject to agreement with the contractor, the business to
54 monitor the contractor's compliance with the contract through measures,
55 including, but not limited to, ongoing manual reviews and automated
S. 9008--A 61 A. 10008--A
1 scans and regular assessments, audits, or other technical and opera-
2 tional testing at least once every twelve months; and
3 (d) provides that if the contractor engages any other person to assist
4 it in processing personal information for a business purpose on behalf
5 of such business, or if any other person engaged by such contractor
6 engages another person to assist in processing personal information for
7 such business purpose, it shall notify such business of such engagement,
8 and such engagement shall be pursuant to a written contract binding such
9 other person to observe all the requirements set forth in this subdivi-
10 sion.
11 10. "Cross-context behavioral advertising" means the targeting of
12 advertising and marketing to a consumer based on such consumer's
13 personal information obtained from such consumer's activity across busi-
14 nesses, distinctly branded internet websites, applications, or services,
15 other than the business, distinctly branded internet website, applica-
16 tion, or service with which such consumer intentionally interacts.
17 11. (a) "Data broker" means a business that knowingly collects and
18 sells to third parties the personal information of a consumer with whom
19 such business either:
20 (i) does not have a direct relationship; and/or
21 (ii) does not have a direct relationship with such consumer as to
22 personal information it sells about such consumer that it collected
23 outside of a consumer-facing business with which the consumer intends
24 and expects to interact.
25 (b) The term "data broker" shall not include any of the following:
26 (i) an entity to the extent that it is covered by the federal Fair
27 Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 1681 et seq.);
28 (ii) an entity to the extent that it is covered by the Gramm-Leach-
29 Bliley Act (Public Law 106-102) and implementing regulations;
30 (iii) a federal, state, tribal, territorial, or local governmental
31 entity, including a body, authority, board, bureau, commission,
32 district, agency, or political subdivision of a governmental entity;
33 (iv) an entity that serves as a congressionally designated nonprofit,
34 national resource center, or clearinghouse to provide assistance to
35 victims, families, child-serving professionals, and the general public
36 on missing and exploited children issues; or
37 (v) an entity to the extent it is covered by section eighteen hundred
38 eleven of this article.
39 12. "Dark pattern" means a user interface designed or manipulated with
40 the substantial effect of subverting or impairing user autonomy, deci-
41 sion making, or choice, as further defined by regulation issued by the
42 office.
43 13. "Deidentified" means information that cannot reasonably be used to
44 infer information about, or otherwise be linked to, a particular consum-
45 er provided that the business that possesses such information:
46 (a) takes reasonable measures to ensure that such information cannot
47 be associated with a consumer or household;
48 (b) publicly commits to maintain and use such information in deidenti-
49 fied form and not to attempt to reidentify such information, except that
50 such business may attempt to reidentify such information solely for the
51 purpose of determining whether its deidentification processes satisfy
52 the requirements of this subdivision; and
53 (c) contractually obligates any recipients of such information to
54 comply with all provisions of this subdivision.
55 14. "Designated methods for submitting requests" means a mailing
56 address, email address, internet web page, internet web portal, toll-
S. 9008--A 62 A. 10008--A
1 free telephone number, or other applicable contact information, whereby
2 consumers may submit a request or direction under this article, and any
3 new, consumer-friendly means of contacting a business, as approved in
4 writing by the office.
5 15. "Developer of a GenAI system" means a person, partnership, corpo-
6 ration, firm, organization or other entity that designs, codes, produc-
7 es, trains or substantially modifies a GenAI system.
8 16. "Device" means any physical object that is capable of connecting
9 to the internet, directly or indirectly, or to another device.
10 17. "Foreign actor" means either of the following:
11 (a) the government of a covered nation as defined in Section 4872 of
12 Title 10 of the United States Code; or
13 (b) a partnership, association, corporation, organization, or other
14 combination of persons organized under the laws of or having its princi-
15 pal place of business in a covered nation as defined in Section 4872 of
16 Title 10 of the United States Code.
17 18. "Generative artificial intelligence system" or "GenAI system"
18 means an artificial intelligence that can generate derived synthetic
19 content, including text, images, video, and audio, that emulates the
20 structure and characteristics of the system's training data.
21 19. "Homepage" means the introductory page of an internet website and
22 any internet web page where personal information is collected. In the
23 case of an online service, such as a mobile application, the term "home-
24 page" means such application's platform page or download page, a link
25 within such application, such as from the application configuration,
26 "About", "Information", or settings page, and any other location that
27 allows consumers to review the notices required by this article, includ-
28 ing, but not limited to, before downloading such application.
29 20. "Household" means a group, however identified, of consumers who
30 cohabitate with one another at the same residential address and share
31 use of common devices or services.
32 21. "Infer" or "inference" means the derivation of information, data,
33 assumptions, or conclusions from facts, evidence, or another source of
34 information or data.
35 22. "Intentionally interacts" means when a consumer intends to inter-
36 act with a person, or disclose personal information to a person, via one
37 or more deliberate interactions, including visiting such person's inter-
38 net website or purchasing a good or service from such person. Hovering
39 over, muting, pausing, or closing a given piece of content shall not
40 constitute a consumer's intent to interact with a person.
41 23. "Non-personalized advertising" means advertising and marketing
42 that is based solely on a consumer's personal information derived from
43 such consumer's current interaction with the business with the exception
44 of such consumer's precise geolocation.
45 24. "Person" means an individual, proprietorship, firm, partnership,
46 joint venture, syndicate, business trust, company, corporation, limited
47 liability company, association, committee, and any other organization or
48 group of persons acting in concert.
49 25. (a) "Personal information" means information, however maintained,
50 that identifies, relates to, describes, is reasonably capable of being
51 associated with, or could reasonably be linked, directly or indirectly,
52 with a particular consumer or household, including, but not limited to,
53 the following:
54 (i) identifiers such as a real name, alias, postal address, unique
55 personal identifier, online identifier, internet protocol address, email
S. 9008--A 63 A. 10008--A
1 address, account name, social security number, driver's license number,
2 passport number, or other similar identifiers;
3 (ii) any information that identifies, relates to, describes, or is
4 capable of being associated with, a particular individual, including,
5 but not limited to, such individual's name, signature, social security
6 number, physical characteristics or description, address, telephone
7 number, passport number, driver's license or state identification card
8 number, insurance policy number, education, employment, employment
9 history, bank account number, credit card number, debit card number, or
10 any other financial information, medical information, or health insur-
11 ance information;
12 (iii) characteristics of protected classifications under New York or
13 federal law;
14 (iv) commercial information, including records of personal property,
15 products or services purchased, obtained, or considered, or other
16 purchasing or consuming histories or tendencies;
17 (v) biometric information;
18 (vi) internet or other electronic network activity information,
19 including, but not limited to, browsing history, search history, and
20 information regarding a consumer's interaction with an internet website
21 application, or advertisement;
22 (vii) geolocation data;
23 (viii) audio, electronic, visual, thermal, olfactory, or similar
24 information;
25 (ix) professional or employment-related information;
26 (x) education information, defined as information that is not publicly
27 available personally identifiable information as defined in the Family
28 Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g; 34 C.F.R. Part
29 99);
30 (xi) inferences drawn from any of the information identified in this
31 subdivision to create a profile about a consumer reflecting such consum-
32 er's preferences, characteristics, psychological trends, predisposi-
33 tions, behavior, attitudes, intelligence, abilities, and aptitudes; and
34 (xii) sensitive personal information;
35 (b) The term "personal information" shall not include publicly avail-
36 able information or lawfully obtained, truthful information that is a
37 matter of public concern. For purposes of this paragraph, "publicly
38 available" means any of the following:
39 (i) information that is lawfully made available from federal, state,
40 or local government records;
41 (ii) information that a business has a reasonable basis to believe is
42 lawfully made available to the general public by the consumer or from
43 widely distributed media; or
44 (iii) information made available by a person to whom the consumer has
45 disclosed such information if such consumer has not restricted such
46 information to a specific audience.
47 (c) The term "publicly available" shall not mean biometric information
48 collected by a business about a consumer without such consumer's know-
49 ledge.
50 (d) The term "personal information" shall not include consumer infor-
51 mation that is deidentified or aggregate consumer information.
52 (e) The term "personal information" may exist in various formats,
53 including, but not limited to, all of the following:
54 (i) physical formats, including paper documents, printed images, vinyl
55 records, or video tapes;
56 (ii) digital formats, including text, image, audio, or video files; or
S. 9008--A 64 A. 10008--A
1 (iii) abstract digital formats, including compressed or encrypted
2 files, metadata, or artificial intelligence systems that are capable of
3 outputting personal information.
4 26. "Precise geolocation" means any data that is derived from a device
5 and that is used or intended to be used to locate a consumer within a
6 geographic area that is equal to or less than the area of a circle with
7 a radius of eighteen hundred fifty feet, except as prescribed by regu-
8 lations.
9 27. "Probabilistic identifier" means the identification of a consumer
10 or such consumer's device to a degree of certainty of more probable than
11 not based on any categories of personal information included in, or
12 similar to, the categories enumerated in the definition of personal
13 information under subdivision twenty-five of this section.
14 28. "Processing" means any operation or set of operations that are
15 performed on personal information or on sets of personal information,
16 whether or not by automated means.
17 29. "Profiling" means any form of automated processing of personal
18 information, as further defined by any regulations issued by the office,
19 to evaluate certain personal aspects relating to a natural person and,
20 in particular, to analyze or predict aspects concerning such natural
21 person's performance at work, economic situation, health, personal pref-
22 erences, interests, reliability, behavior, location, or movements.
23 30. "Pseudonymize" or "pseudonymization" means the processing of
24 personal information in a manner that renders such personal information
25 no longer attributable to a specific consumer without the use of addi-
26 tional information, provided that such additional information is kept
27 separately and is subject to technical and organizational measures to
28 ensure that such personal information is not attributed to an identified
29 or identifiable consumer.
30 31. "Reproductive health care data" means any of the following:
31 (a) information about a consumer searching for, accessing, procuring,
32 using, or otherwise interacting with goods or services associated with
33 the human reproductive system, which includes goods such as contracep-
34 tion including but not limited to condoms or birth-control pills, pre-
35 natal and fertility vitamins and supplements, menstrual-tracking apps,
36 and hormone-replacement therapy, and shall further include, but not be
37 limited to, services such as sperm- and egg-freezing, In Vitro Fertili-
38 zation, abortion care, vasectomies, sexual health counseling; treatment
39 or counseling for sexually transmitted infections, erectile dysfunction,
40 and reproductive tract infections; and precise geolocation information
41 about such treatments; or
42 (b) information about a consumer's sexual history and family planning,
43 which includes information such consumer inputs into a dating app about
44 their history of sexually transmitted infections or desire to have chil-
45 dren that is considered sexual history and family planning information.
46 32. "Research" means scientific analysis, systematic study, and obser-
47 vation, including basic research or applied research that is designed to
48 develop or contribute to public or scientific knowledge and that adheres
49 or otherwise conforms to all other applicable ethics and privacy laws,
50 including, but not limited to, studies conducted in the public interest
51 in the area of public health. Research with personal information that
52 may have been collected from a consumer in the course of the consumer's
53 interactions with a business' service or device for other purposes shall
54 be:
55 (a) compatible with the business purpose for which the personal infor-
56 mation was collected;
S. 9008--A 65 A. 10008--A
1 (b) subsequently pseudonymized and deidentified, or deidentified and
2 in the aggregate, such that the information cannot reasonably identify,
3 relate to, describe, be capable of being associated with, or be linked,
4 directly or indirectly, to a particular consumer, by a business;
5 (c) made subject to technical safeguards that prohibit reidentifica-
6 tion of the consumer to whom the information may pertain, other than as
7 needed to support the research;
8 (d) subject to business processes that specifically prohibit reiden-
9 tification of the information, other than as needed to support the
10 research;
11 (e) made subject to business processes to prevent inadvertent release
12 of deidentified information;
13 (f) protected from any reidentification attempts;
14 (g) used solely for research purposes that are compatible with the
15 context in which the personal information was collected; and
16 (h) subjected by the business conducting the research to additional
17 security controls that limit access to the research data to only those
18 individuals as are necessary to carry out the research purpose.
19 33. "Security and integrity" means the ability of:
20 (a) networks or information systems to detect security incidents that
21 compromise the availability, authenticity, integrity, and confidentiali-
22 ty of stored or transmitted personal information;
23 (b) businesses to detect security incidents, resist malicious, decep-
24 tive, fraudulent, or illegal actions and to help prosecute those respon-
25 sible for those actions; or
26 (c) businesses to ensure the physical safety of natural persons.
27 34. (a) "Sell", "selling", "sale", or "sold" means selling, renting,
28 releasing, disclosing, disseminating, making available, transferring, or
29 otherwise communicating orally, in writing, or by electronic or other
30 means, a consumer's personal information by a business to a third party
31 for monetary or other valuable consideration.
32 (b) For purposes of this article, a business shall not be deemed to
33 sell personal information when:
34 (i) a consumer uses or directs such business to intentionally:
35 (1) disclose personal information; or
36 (2) interact with one or more third parties;
37 (ii) such business uses or shares an identifier for a consumer who has
38 opted out of the sale of such consumer's personal information or limited
39 the use of such consumer's sensitive personal information for the
40 purposes of alerting persons to or for whom such consumer has opted out
41 of the sale of such consumer's personal information or limited the use
42 of such consumer's sensitive personal information; or
43 (iii) such business transfers to a third party the personal informa-
44 tion of a consumer as an asset that is part of a merger, acquisition,
45 bankruptcy, or other transaction in which such third party assumes
46 control of all or part of such business, provided that such information
47 is used or shared consistently with this article. If a third party mate-
48 rially alters how it uses or shares the personal information of a
49 consumer in a manner that is materially inconsistent with the promises
50 made at the time of collection, it shall provide prior notice of the new
51 or changed practice to such consumer. Such notice shall be sufficiently
52 prominent and robust to ensure that existing consumers can easily exer-
53 cise their choices consistently with this article. This subparagraph
54 shall not authorize a business to make material, retroactive privacy
55 policy changes or make other changes in their privacy policy in a manner
56 that would violate section three hundred forty-nine of this chapter.
S. 9008--A 66 A. 10008--A
1 35. (a) "Sensitive personal information" means:
2 (i) personal information that reveals:
3 (1) a consumer's social security, driver's license, state identifica-
4 tion card, or passport number;
5 (2) a consumer's account log-in, financial account, debit card, or
6 credit card number in combination with any required security or access
7 code, password, or credentials allowing access to an account;
8 (3) a consumer's precise geolocation;
9 (4) a consumer's racial or ethnic origin, citizenship or immigration
10 status, religious or philosophical beliefs, or union membership;
11 (5) the contents of a consumer's mail, email, and text messages unless
12 the business is the intended recipient of the communication;
13 (6) a consumer's genetic data; or
14 (7) a consumer's neural data, meaning information that is generated by
15 measuring the activity of such consumer's central or peripheral nervous
16 system, and that is not inferred from nonneural information; or
17 (ii) the processing of biometric information for the purpose of
18 uniquely identifying a consumer, including but not limited to:
19 (1) personal information collected and analyzed concerning a consum-
20 er's health; or
21 (2) personal information collected and analyzed concerning a consum-
22 er's sex life or sexual orientation.
23 (b) Sensitive personal information that is publicly available, as
24 defined in subdivision twenty-five of this section, shall not be consid-
25 ered "sensitive personal information" or "personal information" for the
26 purposes of this article.
27 36. "Service" or "services" means work, labor, and services, including
28 services furnished in connection with the sale or repair of goods.
29 37. (a) "Service provider" means a person that processes personal
30 information on behalf of a business and that receives from or on behalf
31 of such business consumer's personal information for a business purpose
32 pursuant to a written contract, provided that such contract prohibits
33 such person from:
34 (i) selling or sharing such personal information;
35 (ii) retaining, using, or disclosing such personal information for any
36 purpose other than for the business purposes specified in the contract
37 for such business, including retaining, using, or disclosing such
38 personal information for a commercial purpose other than the business
39 purposes specified in the contract with such business, or as otherwise
40 permitted by this article;
41 (iii) retaining, using, or disclosing the information outside of the
42 direct business relationship between the service provider and such busi-
43 ness; or
44 (iv) combining such personal information that the service provider
45 receives from, or on behalf of, such business with personal information
46 that it receives from, or on behalf of, another person or persons, or
47 collects from its own interaction with the consumer, provided that the
48 service provider may combine personal information to perform any busi-
49 ness purpose as may be further defined in regulations promulgated by the
50 office. Such contract may, subject to agreement with the service provid-
51 er, permit the business to monitor such service provider's compliance
52 with such contract through measures, including, but not limited to,
53 ongoing manual reviews and automated scans and regular assessments,
54 audits, or other technical and operational testing at least once every
55 twelve months.
S. 9008--A 67 A. 10008--A
1 (b) If a service provider engages any other person to assist it in
2 processing personal information for a business purpose on behalf of the
3 business, or if any other person engaged by such service provider
4 engages another person to assist in processing personal information for
5 such business purpose, it shall notify such business of such engagement,
6 and such engagement shall be pursuant to a written contract binding such
7 other person to observe all the requirements set forth in paragraph (a)
8 of this subdivision.
9 38. (a) "Share", "shared", or "sharing" means sharing, renting,
10 releasing, disclosing, disseminating, making available, transferring, or
11 otherwise communicating orally, in writing, or by electronic or other
12 means, a consumer's personal information by a business to a third party
13 for cross-context behavioral advertising, whether or not for monetary or
14 other valuable consideration, including transactions between a business
15 and a third party for cross-context behavioral advertising for the bene-
16 fit of a business in which no money is exchanged.
17 (b) For purposes of this article, a business shall not be deemed to
18 share personal information when:
19 (i) a consumer uses or directs such business to intentionally disclose
20 personal information or intentionally interact with one or more third
21 parties;
22 (ii) such business uses or shares an identifier for a consumer who has
23 opted out of the sharing of such consumer's personal information or
24 limited the use of such consumer's sensitive personal information for
25 the purposes of alerting persons to or for whom such consumer has opted
26 out of the sharing of such consumer's personal information or limited
27 the use of such consumer's sensitive personal information; or
28 (iii) such business transfers to a third party the personal informa-
29 tion of a consumer as an asset that is part of a merger, acquisition,
30 bankruptcy, or other transaction in which such third party assumes
31 control of all or part of such business, provided that such information
32 is used or shared consistently with this article. If a third party mate-
33 rially alters how it uses or shares the personal information of a
34 consumer in a manner that is materially inconsistent with the promises
35 made at the time of collection, it shall provide prior notice of the new
36 or changed practice to such consumer. Such notice shall be sufficiently
37 prominent and robust to ensure that existing consumers can easily exer-
38 cise their choices consistently with this article. This subparagraph
39 shall not authorize a business to make material, retroactive privacy
40 policy changes or make other changes in their privacy policy in a manner
41 that would violate section three hundred forty-eight of this chapter.
42 39. "Third party" means a person who is not any of the following:
43 (a) the business with whom a consumer intentionally interacts and that
44 collects personal information from such consumer as part of such consum-
45 er's current interaction with such business under this article;
46 (b) a service provider to the business; or
47 (c) a contractor.
48 40. "Unique identifier" or "unique personal identifier" means a
49 persistent identifier that can be used to recognize a consumer, a fami-
50 ly, or a device that is linked to a consumer or family, over time and
51 across different services, including, but not limited to, a device iden-
52 tifier; an internet protocol address; cookies, beacons, pixel tags,
53 mobile ad identifiers, or similar technology; customer number, unique
54 pseudonym, or user alias; telephone numbers, or other forms of persist-
55 ent or probabilistic identifiers that can be used to identify a partic-
56 ular consumer or device that is linked to a consumer or family. For
S. 9008--A 68 A. 10008--A
1 purposes of this subdivision, the term "family" means a custodial parent
2 or guardian and any children under eighteen years of age over which the
3 parent or guardian has custody.
4 41. "Verifiable consumer request" means a request that is made by a
5 consumer, by a consumer on behalf of such consumer's minor child, or by
6 a person who has power of attorney or is acting as a conservator for
7 such consumer, and that the business can verify, using commercially
8 reasonable methods, pursuant to any regulations adopted by the office to
9 be such consumer about whom the business has collected personal informa-
10 tion.
11 42. "Department" shall mean the department of financial services.
12 43. "Superintendent" shall mean the superintendent of financial
13 services.
14 44. "Office" shall mean an office within the department, which shall
15 report to the superintendent, and is tasked with the implementation of
16 this article.
17 § 1801. Data broker registration. 1. On or before the first of July
18 following each year in which a business meets the definition of data
19 broker as provided in this article, or by such other date as the office
20 may establish by regulation, such business shall register with the
21 office pursuant to the requirements of this section.
22 2. In registering with the office, a data broker shall do all of the
23 following:
24 (a) pay the pro rata share assessed by the office;
25 (b) provide the following information in a form and manner determined
26 by the office for the prior calendar year:
27 (i) the name of the data broker and its primary physical, email, and
28 internet website addresses;
29 (ii) if the data broker permits a consumer to opt-out of such data
30 broker's collection of brokered personal information, opt-out of its
31 databases, or opt-out of certain sales of data:
32 (1) the method for requesting an opt-out;
33 (2) if the opt-out applies to only certain activities or sales, which
34 activities or sales such opt-out applies to; and
35 (3) whether the data broker permits a consumer to authorize a third
36 party to perform the opt-out on the consumer's behalf;
37 (iii) a statement specifying the data collection, databases, or sales
38 activities from which a consumer shall not opt-out;
39 (iv) a statement regarding whether the data broker implements a
40 purchaser credentialing process;
41 (v) the number of requests from consumers to delete personal informa-
42 tion;
43 (vi) the median and the mean number of days within which the data
44 broker substantively responded to consumer requests to delete personal
45 information;
46 (vii) whether the data broker collects the personal information of
47 minors;
48 (viii) whether the data broker collects consumers' names, dates of
49 birth, zip codes, email addresses, or phone numbers;
50 (ix) whether the data broker collects consumers' account logins or
51 account numbers in combination with any required security codes, access
52 codes, or passwords that would permit access to a consumer's account
53 with a third party;
54 (x) whether the data broker collects consumers' drivers' license
55 numbers, New York identification card numbers, tax identification
56 numbers, social security numbers, passport numbers, military identifica-
S. 9008--A 69 A. 10008--A
1 tion numbers, or other unique identification numbers issued on a govern-
2 ment document commonly used to verify the identity of a specific indi-
3 vidual;
4 (xi) whether the data broker collects consumers' mobile advertising
5 identification numbers, connected television identification numbers, or
6 vehicle identification numbers (VIN);
7 (xii) whether the data broker collects consumers' citizenship data,
8 including immigration status;
9 (xiii) whether the data broker collects consumers' union membership
10 status;
11 (xiv) whether the data broker collects consumers' sexual orientation
12 status;
13 (xv) whether the data broker collects consumers' gender identity and
14 gender expression data;
15 (xvi) whether the data broker collects consumers' biometric data;
16 (xvii) whether the data broker collects consumers' precise geoloca-
17 tion;
18 (xviii) whether the data broker collects consumers' reproductive
19 health care data;
20 (xix) whether the data broker has shared or sold consumers' data to a
21 foreign actor in the past year;
22 (xx) whether the data broker has shared or sold consumers' data to the
23 federal government in the past year;
24 (xxi) whether the data broker has shared or sold consumers' data to
25 other state governments in the past year;
26 (xxii) whether the data broker has shared or sold consumers' data to
27 law enforcement in the past year, unless such data was shared pursuant
28 to a subpoena or court order;
29 (xxiii) whether the data broker has shared or sold consumers' data to
30 a developer of a GenAI system or model in the past year;
31 (xxiv) a link to a page on the data broker's internet website that
32 details how a consumer may exercise their deletion rights and does not
33 make any use of dark patterns;
34 (xxv) whether and to what extent the data broker or any of its subsid-
35 iaries is regulated by any of the following:
36 (1) the federal Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 1681 et
37 seq.);
38 (2) the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (Public Law 106-102) and implementing
39 regulations; or
40 (3) the privacy, security, and breach notification rules issued by the
41 United States Department of Health and Human Services, Parts 160 and 164
42 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations, established pursuant to
43 the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
44 (Public Law 104-191);
45 (xxvi) any additional information or explanation the data broker
46 chooses to provide concerning its data collection practices; and
47 (xxvii) any other information that the office may require pursuant to
48 regulations.
49 § 1802. Data broker registration and deletion portal. The office shall
50 create a page on the department's internet website where the registra-
51 tion information provided by data brokers described under section eigh-
52 teen hundred one of this article and the accessible deletion mechanism
53 described under section eighteen hundred four of this article shall be
54 accessible to the public.
55 § 1803. Consumer deletion requests. A data broker shall delete a
56 consumer's personal information, based on such consumer's request, with-
S. 9008--A 70 A. 10008--A
1 in forty-five days of receiving a verifiable consumer request from the
2 consumer pursuant to section eighteen hundred four of this article or
3 section eighteen hundred five of this article. Such data broker shall
4 promptly take steps to determine whether such request is a verifiable
5 consumer request, but such steps shall not extend such data broker's
6 duty to delete personal information within forty-five days of receipt of
7 the consumer's request. The time period to delete personal information
8 may be extended once by an additional forty-five days when reasonably
9 necessary, provided the consumer is provided notice of such extension
10 within the first forty-five-day period.
11 § 1804. Accessible deletion request mechanism for consumers. 1. The
12 office shall establish an accessible deletion request mechanism that
13 does all of the following:
14 (a) implements and maintains reasonable security procedures and prac-
15 tices, including, but not limited to, administrative, physical, and
16 technical safeguards appropriate to the nature of the information and
17 the purposes for which the personal information will be used and to
18 protect consumers' personal information from unauthorized use, disclo-
19 sure, access, destruction, or modification;
20 (b) allows a consumer, through a single verifiable consumer request,
21 to request that every data broker that maintains any personal informa-
22 tion delete any personal information related to such consumer held by
23 the data broker or associated service provider or contractor;
24 (c) allows a consumer to selectively exclude specific data brokers
25 from a request made under this section; and
26 (d) allows a consumer to make a request to alter a previous request
27 made under this section after at least forty-five days have passed since
28 the consumer last made a request under this section.
29 2. The accessible deletion mechanism established pursuant to this
30 section shall meet all of the following requirements:
31 (a) the accessible deletion mechanism shall allow a consumer to
32 request the deletion of all personal information related to such consum-
33 er through a single deletion request;
34 (b) the accessible deletion mechanism shall permit a consumer to
35 securely submit information in one or more privacy-protecting ways
36 determined by the office to aid in the deletion request;
37 (c) the accessible deletion mechanism shall allow data brokers regis-
38 tered with the office to determine whether an individual has submitted a
39 verifiable consumer request to delete the personal information related
40 to such consumer as described in this section and shall not allow the
41 disclosure of any additional personal information when the data broker
42 accesses such accessible deletion mechanism unless otherwise specified
43 in this article;
44 (d) the accessible deletion mechanism shall allow a consumer to make a
45 request described in this section using an internet service operated by
46 the office;
47 (e) the accessible deletion mechanism shall not charge a consumer to
48 make a request described in this section;
49 (f) the accessible deletion mechanism shall allow a consumer to make a
50 request described in this section in any of the twelve most commonly
51 spoken languages in New York state, consistent with section two hundred
52 two-a of the executive law, for whom personal information has been
53 collected by data brokers;
54 (g) the accessible deletion mechanism shall comply with section one
55 hundred three-d of the state technology law;
S. 9008--A 71 A. 10008--A
1 (h) the accessible deletion mechanism shall support the ability of a
2 consumer's authorized agents to aid in the deletion request;
3 (i) the accessible deletion mechanism shall allow the consumer, or
4 their authorized agent, to verify the status of such consumer's deletion
5 request; and
6 (j) the accessible deletion mechanism shall provide a description of
7 all of the following:
8 (i) the deletion permitted by this section including the actions
9 required of data brokers described in this section;
10 (ii) the process for submitting a deletion request pursuant to this
11 section; and
12 (iii) examples of the types of information that may be deleted;
13 3. Beginning on a date established by regulation by the office, a data
14 broker shall access the accessible deletion mechanism established pursu-
15 ant to subdivision one of this section at least once every forty-five
16 days and do all of the following:
17 (a) within forty-five days after receiving a request made pursuant to
18 this section, a data broker shall process all such requests and delete
19 all personal information related to the consumers who made such
20 requests;
21 (b) in cases where a data broker denies a consumer request to delete
22 under this article because such request cannot be verified, such data
23 broker shall process such request as an opt-out of the sale or sharing
24 of such consumer's personal information if provided by such data
25 brokers' existing policies and practices;
26 (c) a data broker shall direct all service providers or contractors
27 associated with such data broker to delete all personal information in
28 their possession related to the consumers making the requests described
29 in paragraph (a) of this subdivision;
30 (d) a data broker shall direct all service providers or contractors
31 associated with the data broker to process a request described by para-
32 graph (b) of this subdivision.
33 4. Notwithstanding subdivision three of this section, a data broker
34 shall not be required to delete a consumer's personal information if
35 either of the following apply:
36 (a) if it is reasonably necessary for the business, service provider,
37 or contractor to maintain the consumer's personal information in order
38 to:
39 (i) complete the transaction for which the personal information was
40 collected, fulfill the terms of a written warranty or product recall
41 conducted in accordance with federal law, provide a good or service
42 requested by the consumer, or reasonably anticipated by such consumer
43 within the context of a business' ongoing business relationship with
44 such consumer, or otherwise perform a contract between the business and
45 such consumer;
46 (ii) help to ensure security and integrity to the extent the use of
47 the consumer's personal information is reasonably necessary and propor-
48 tionate for such purposes;
49 (iii) debug to identify and repair errors that impair existing
50 intended functionality;
51 (iv) exercise free speech, ensure the right of another consumer to
52 exercise such consumer's right of free speech, or exercise another right
53 provided for by law;
54 (v) engage in public or peer-reviewed scientific, historical, or
55 statistical research that conforms or adheres to all other applicable
56 ethics and privacy laws, when the business' deletion of the information
S. 9008--A 72 A. 10008--A
1 is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the ability to
2 complete such research, if the consumer has provided informed consent;
3 (vi) to enable solely internal uses that are reasonably aligned with
4 the expectations of the consumer based on such consumer's relationship
5 with the business and compatible with the context in which such consumer
6 provided the information;
7 (vii) comply with a legal obligation, including, but not limited to
8 federal, state, or local laws or comply with a court order or subpoena
9 to provide information;
10 (viii) comply with a civil, criminal, or regulatory inquiry, investi-
11 gation, subpoena, or summons by federal, state, or local authorities.
12 Law enforcement agencies, including police and sheriff's departments,
13 may direct a business pursuant to a law enforcement agency-approved
14 investigation with an active case number not to delete a consumer's
15 personal information, and, upon receipt of that direction, a business
16 shall not delete the personal information for ninety days in order to
17 allow the law enforcement agency to obtain a court-issued subpoena,
18 order, or warrant to obtain a consumer's personal information. For good
19 cause and only to the extent necessary for investigatory purposes, a law
20 enforcement agency may direct a business not to delete the consumer's
21 personal information for additional ninety-day periods. A business that
22 has received direction from a law enforcement agency not to delete the
23 personal information of a consumer who has requested deletion of such
24 consumer's personal information shall not use such consumer's personal
25 information for any purpose other than retaining it to produce to law
26 enforcement in response to a court-issued subpoena, order, or warrant
27 unless such consumer's deletion request is subject to an exemption from
28 deletion under this article;
29 (ix) cooperate with law enforcement agencies concerning conduct or
30 activity that the business, service provider, or third party reasonably
31 and in good faith believes may violate federal, state, or local law;
32 (x) cooperate with a government agency request for emergency access to
33 a consumer's personal information if a natural person is at risk or
34 danger of death or serious physical injury provided that:
35 (1) such request is approved by a high-ranking agency officer for
36 emergency access to a consumer's personal information;
37 (2) such request is based on such government agency's good faith
38 determination that it has a lawful basis to access the information on a
39 nonemergency basis;
40 (3) such agency agrees to petition a court for an appropriate order
41 within three days and to destroy the information if such order is not
42 granted; and
43 (4) for purposes of this subparagraph, a consumer accessing, procur-
44 ing, or searching for services regarding contraception, pregnancy care,
45 and perinatal care, including, but not limited to, abortion services,
46 shall not constitute a natural person being at risk or danger of death
47 or serious physical injury;
48 (xi) exercise or defend legal claims;
49 (xii) collect, use, retain, sell, share, or disclose consumers'
50 personal information that is deidentified or aggregate consumer informa-
51 tion; or
52 (xiii) collect, sell, or share a consumer's personal information if
53 every aspect of that commercial conduct takes place wholly outside of
54 New York. For purposes of this article, commercial conduct takes place
55 wholly outside of New York if the business collected that information
56 while the consumer was outside of New York, no part of the sale of the
S. 9008--A 73 A. 10008--A
1 consumer's personal information occurred in New York, and no personal
2 information collected while the consumer was in New York is sold. This
3 paragraph shall not prohibit a business from storing, including on a
4 device, personal information about a consumer when the consumer is in
5 New York and then collecting that personal information when the consumer
6 and stored personal information is outside of New York; or
7 (b) personal information described in this subdivision shall only be
8 used for the purposes described in this subdivision and shall not be
9 used or disclosed for any other purpose, including, but not limited to,
10 marketing purposes.
11 5. Beginning on a date established by regulation by the office, after
12 a consumer has submitted a deletion request and a data broker has
13 deleted such consumer's data pursuant to this section, such data broker
14 shall delete all personal information of such consumer at least once
15 every forty-five days pursuant to this section unless such consumer
16 requests otherwise or such deletion is not required pursuant to subdivi-
17 sion four of this section.
18 6. Beginning on a date established by regulation by the office, after
19 a consumer has submitted a deletion request and a data broker has
20 deleted such consumer's data pursuant to this section, such data broker
21 shall not sell or share new personal information of such consumer unless
22 such consumer requests otherwise or selling or sharing such personal
23 information is permitted under subdivision four of this section.
24 7. Beginning January first, two thousand twenty-nine, or by such other
25 date that may be established by regulation by the office, and every
26 three years thereafter, a data broker shall undergo an audit by an inde-
27 pendent third party to determine compliance with this section. The data
28 broker shall submit a report resulting from the audit and any related
29 materials to the office within five business days of receiving a written
30 request from the office. A data broker shall maintain the report and
31 materials described in this paragraph for at least six years.
32 § 1805. Data broker website disclosure requirements. 1. On or before
33 July first following each calendar year, or by such other date as the
34 office may establish by regulation in which a business meets the defi-
35 nition of a data broker as provided in this article, the business shall
36 clearly and conspicuously post their privacy policy on their website as
37 well as do all of the following:
38 (a) Disclose the number of consumer deletion requests made to the data
39 broker pursuant to section eighteen hundred four of this article;
40 (b) Disclose the median and the mean number of days within which the
41 data broker substantively responded to consumer deletion requests during
42 the previous calendar year; and
43 (c) Disclose the metrics compiled pursuant to paragraphs (a) and (b)
44 of this subdivision within the data broker's privacy policy posted on
45 their internet website and accessible from a link included in the data
46 broker's privacy policy.
47 2. In its disclosure pursuant to subdivision one of this section, a
48 data broker shall disclose the number of consumer deletion requests that
49 the data broker denied in whole or in part because of any of the follow-
50 ing:
51 (a) The request was not verifiable;
52 (b) The request was not made by a consumer;
53 (c) The request called for information exempt from deletion; or
54 (d) The request was denied on other grounds.
55 3. In its disclosure pursuant to subdivision one of this section, a
56 data broker shall specify the number of consumer deletion requests in
S. 9008--A 74 A. 10008--A
1 which deletion was not required in whole, or in part, under a relevant
2 section of this article.
3 4. A data broker shall provide in a form that is reasonably accessible
4 to consumers, at least two or more designated methods for submitting
5 deletion requests to such data broker directly. Such forms may include a
6 toll-free telephone number, email or electronic submission via the data
7 broker's internet website.
8 § 1806. Rulemaking. The office shall adopt rules and regulations to
9 implement the provisions of this article.
10 § 1807. Powers, duties and adjudicatory proceedings. 1. In connection
11 with the implementation and enforcement of this article, the office
12 shall have the following powers and duties:
13 (a) to hold hearings, subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance,
14 administer oaths, to examine any person under oath and in connection
15 therewith to require the production of any books or records relative to
16 the inquiry, provided that subpoena issued under this section shall be
17 regulated by the civil practice law and rules;
18 (b) to appoint such advisory groups and committees as deemed necessary
19 to provide assistance to the office to carry out the purposes and objec-
20 tives of this article;
21 (c) to enter into contracts, memoranda of understanding, and agree-
22 ments as deemed appropriate to effectuate the policy and purpose of this
23 chapter;
24 (d) to draft declaratory rulings, guidance and industry advisories;
25 and
26 (e) to delegate the powers provided in this section to such other
27 officers or employees as may be deemed appropriate by the superinten-
28 dent.
29 2. (a) The superintendent, or any person designated by the superinten-
30 dent for the purposes of this subdivision, may issue subpoenas and
31 administer oaths in connection with any hearing or investigation under
32 or pursuant to this article, and it shall be the duty of the superinten-
33 dent and any persons designated by them for such purpose to issue
34 subpoenas at the request of and upon behalf of the respondent.
35 (b) The superintendent and those designated by the superintendent
36 shall not be bound by the laws of evidence in the conduct of hearing
37 proceedings, but the determination shall be founded upon preponderance
38 of evidence to sustain it.
39 (c) Notice and right of hearing as provided in the state administra-
40 tive procedure act shall be served at least fifteen days prior to the
41 date of the hearing, provided that, whenever because of danger to the
42 public health, safety or welfare it appears prejudicial to the interests
43 of the people of the state to delay action for fifteen days, the super-
44 intendent may serve the respondent with an order requiring certain
45 action or the cessation of certain activities immediately or within a
46 specified period of less than fifteen days.
47 (d) Service of notice of hearing or order shall be made by personal
48 service or by registered or certified mail. Where service, whether by
49 personal service or by registered or certified mail, is made upon an
50 incompetent, partnership, or corporation, it shall be made upon the
51 person or persons designated to receive personal service by article
52 three of the civil practice law and rules.
53 (e) At a hearing, that to the greatest extent practicable shall be
54 reasonably near the respondent, the respondent may appear personally,
55 shall have the right of counsel, and may cross-examine witnesses against
56 the respondent and produce evidence and witnesses on their behalf.
S. 9008--A 75 A. 10008--A
1 (f) Following a hearing, the superintendent may make appropriate
2 determinations and issue a final order in accordance therewith.
3 (g) The superintendent may adopt, amend and repeal administrative
4 rules and regulations governing the procedures to be followed with
5 respect to hearings, such rules to be consistent with the policy and
6 purpose of this chapter and the effective and fair enforcement of its
7 provisions.
8 (h) The provisions of this section shall be applicable to all hearings
9 held pursuant to this article.
10 § 1808. Statute of limitations. No administrative action by the office
11 brought pursuant to this article alleging a violation of any of the
12 provisions of this article shall be commenced more than three years
13 after the date on which the violation occurred.
14 § 1809. Enforcement. 1. The superintendent may, after notice and hear-
15 ing, require any person found violating the provisions of this article
16 or the rules or regulations promulgated hereunder to pay to the people
17 of this state, penalties and expenses as follows:
18 (a) a fine or civil penalty of two hundred dollars for each day the
19 data broker fails to register or fails to comply with the registration
20 requirements as required by this article;
21 (b) an amount equal to the monies that were due during the period it
22 failed to register;
23 (c) a fine or civil penalty of two hundred dollars for each deletion
24 request for each day the data broker fails to delete information as
25 required by section eighteen hundred four or section eighteen hundred
26 five of this article;
27 (d) a fine or civil penalty of two hundred dollars for each day the
28 data broker fails to comply with the website disclosure requirements as
29 set forth in section eighteen hundred five of this article; and
30 (e) appropriate expenses incurred by the office in the investigation
31 and administration of the action; or in the case of an action commenced
32 by the attorney general, any expenses incurred by the office, that are
33 deemed appropriate by the court.
34 2. The superintendent may request the attorney general commence an
35 action in a court of competent jurisdiction to enforce the requirements
36 of this article and to recover the penalties and expenses set forth in
37 paragraphs (a) through (e) of subdivision one of this section.
38 § 1810. Assessments. Companies or persons required to be licensed,
39 registered or file with the office pursuant to this article shall be
40 assessed in pro rata shares by the department to defray the operating
41 expenses, including all direct and indirect costs, of administering the
42 obligations imposed by this article.
43 § 1811. Exemptions. This article shall not apply to any of the follow-
44 ing:
45 1. Protected health information that is collected by a covered entity
46 or business associate governed by the privacy, security, and breach
47 notification rules issued by the United States Department of Health and
48 Human Services, Parts 160 and 164 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal
49 Regulations, established pursuant to the federal Health Insurance Porta-
50 bility and Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-191) and the
51 federal Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health
52 Act, Title XIII of the federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of
53 2009 (Public Law 111-5).
54 2. A covered entity governed by the privacy, security, and breach
55 notification rules issued by the United States Department of Health and
56 Human Services, Parts 160 and 164 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal
S. 9008--A 76 A. 10008--A
1 Regulations, established pursuant to the federal Health Insurance Porta-
2 bility and Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-191), to the
3 extent the covered entity maintains, uses, and discloses protected
4 health information as described in subdivision one of this section.
5 3. A business associate of a covered entity governed by the privacy,
6 security, and data breach notification rules issued by the United States
7 Department of Health and Human Services, Parts 160 and 164 of Title 45
8 of the Code of Federal Regulations, established pursuant to the federal
9 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law
10 104-191) and the federal Health Information Technology for Economic and
11 Clinical Health Act, Title XIII of the federal American Recovery and
12 Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5), to the extent that such
13 business associate maintains, uses, and discloses protected health
14 information as described in subdivision one of this section.
15 4. Information that meets both of the following conditions:
16 (a) it is deidentified in accordance with the requirements for deiden-
17 tification set forth in Section 164.514 of Part 164 of Title 45 of the
18 Code of Federal Regulations; and
19 (b) it is derived from patient information that was originally
20 collected, created, transmitted, or maintained by an entity regulated by
21 the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act or the Federal
22 Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects, also known as the Common
23 Rule.
24 5. Information that met the requirements of subdivision four of this
25 section but is subsequently reidentified shall no longer be eligible for
26 the exemption in this section, and shall be subject to applicable feder-
27 al and state data privacy and security laws, including, but not limited
28 to, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and this
29 title.
30 6. Information that is collected, used, or disclosed in research, as
31 defined in Section 164.501 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regu-
32 lations, including, but not limited to, a clinical trial, and that is
33 conducted in accordance with applicable ethics, confidentiality, priva-
34 cy, and security rules of Part 164 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal
35 Regulations, the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects,
36 also known as the Common Rule, good clinical practice guidelines issued
37 by the International Council for Harmonization, or human subject
38 protection requirements of the United States Food and Drug Adminis-
39 tration.
40 7. A health information network regulated under 10 NYCRR Part 300,
41 including the department of health's designated contractor or a quali-
42 fied entity under 10 NYCRR § 300.4.
43 8. For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the
44 following meanings:
45 (a) "Business associate" has the same meaning as defined in Section
46 160.103 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
47 (b) "Covered entity" has the same meaning as defined in Section
48 160.103 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
49 (c) "Identifiable private information" has the same meaning as defined
50 in Section 46.102 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
51 (d) "Individually identifiable health information" has the same mean-
52 ing as defined in Section 160.103 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal
53 Regulations.
54 (e) "Protected health information" has the same meaning as defined in
55 Section 160.103 of Title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
S. 9008--A 77 A. 10008--A
1 § 3. Severability. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision,
2 section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of competent
3 jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or
4 invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation
5 to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section or part thereof
6 directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have
7 been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the legislature
8 that this act would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions
9 had not been included herein.
10 § 4. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after
11 the office of the department of financial services tasked with the
12 implementation of article 48 of the general business law pursuant to
13 such article shall promulgate rules and regulations to effectuate the
14 provisions of this act; provided, however, that such office shall notify
15 the legislative bill drafting commission upon the occurrence of the
16 promulgation of such rules and regulations in order that the commission
17 may maintain an accurate and timely effective data base of the official
18 text of the laws of the state of New York in furtherance of effectuating
19 the provisions of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of
20 the public officers law. Effective immediately, the addition, amendment
21 and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implementation
22 of this act on its effective date are authorized to be made and
23 completed on or before such effective date.
24 PART BB
25 Section 1. The insurance law is amended by adding a new section 2356
26 to read as follows:
27 § 2356. Premium increase explanations. (a) An insurer shall include on
28 either the premium bill or the declarations page the amount of the
29 premium increase from the prior policy period and a written explanation
30 for the premium increase, including the primary rating factors causing
31 the increase, for a covered policy as defined in paragraph one and in
32 subparagraph (A) of paragraph two of subsection (a) of section three
33 thousand four hundred twenty-five of this chapter, where the total poli-
34 cy premium increase is in excess of ten percent, exclusive of any premi-
35 um increase due to insured value added.
36 (b) (1) Except when an insurer provides an explanation pursuant to
37 subsection (a) of this section, an insurer shall include a prominent
38 notice on either the premium bill, the declarations page, or a notice
39 accompanying the premium bill or declarations page, for a policy cover-
40 ing a motor vehicle or a policy covering loss of or damage to real prop-
41 erty used predominantly for residential purposes, that states the
42 following: "Policyholders receiving an increase to their premiums at
43 renewal may request a written explanation, including the primary rating
44 factors causing the increase, by contacting their insurers in writing."
45 An insurer shall include its contact information with the prominent
46 notice.
47 (2) Upon a policyholder's written request at policy renewal, an insur-
48 er shall provide a written explanation for the increased premiums,
49 including the primary rating factors causing the increase, for a policy
50 covering a motor vehicle or a policy covering loss of or damage to real
51 property used predominantly for residential purposes. An insurer shall
52 provide the written explanation to the policyholder, including the
53 primary rating factors causing the increase, within twenty days from
54 receipt of the policyholder's written request.
S. 9008--A 78 A. 10008--A
1 § 2. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
2 have become a law.
3 PART CC
4 Section 1. The insurance law is amended by adding a new section 2354
5 to read as follows:
6 § 2354. Homeowners' insurance benchmark loss ratio. (a) Beginning one
7 year after the effective date of this section, an insurer that issues or
8 delivers in this state a homeowners' insurance policy and had average
9 annual gross written homeowners' insurance premiums in this state of at
10 least ten million dollars during the previous two calendar years shall
11 refile with the superintendent, for the superintendent's prior approval,
12 its homeowners' insurance rates if the insurer had an actual loss ratio
13 for each of the previous two calendar years that is below the benchmark
14 loss ratio specified by the superintendent in a regulation. The insurer
15 shall make the filing with the superintendent within sixty days after
16 the insurer files its annual statement.
17 (b) The superintendent shall conduct a study to determine a benchmark
18 loss ratio for homeowners' insurance for the purpose of subsection (a)
19 of this section.
20 (c) For the purpose of this section, "homeowners' insurance" means a
21 contract of insurance insuring against the contingencies described in
22 subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) or subparagraphs (B) and (C) of para-
23 graph two of subsection (a) of section three thousand four hundred twen-
24 ty-five of this chapter and which is a "covered policy" of personal
25 lines insurance as defined in such paragraph; provided, however, that
26 the coverages provided under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph two
27 of subsection (a) of section three thousand four hundred twenty-five of
28 this chapter shall not apply where the natural person does not have an
29 insurable interest in the real property, or a portion thereof, or the
30 residential unit in which such person resides.
31 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
32 PART DD
33 Section 1. Subsections 1 and 2 of section 2346 of the insurance law,
34 subsection 1 as amended by chapter 454 of the laws of 1994 and
35 subsection 2 as amended by chapter 637 of the laws of 1993, are amended
36 to read as follows:
37 1. [The superintendent may provide for a] An insurer shall offer at
38 least one discount that provides an actuarially appropriate reduction in
39 the rates of fire insurance premiums or the fire insurance component of
40 homeowners insurance premiums applicable to residential real property
41 for fire prevention or mitigation improvements, such as when the real
42 property is equipped with smoke detecting alarm devices, approved sprin-
43 kler systems, or fire extinguishers[, should a statistically valid study
44 of insurer experience indicate an actuarially significant decrease in
45 losses in the aforementioned circumstances. The reductions provided for
46 shall be proportionally related to the actuarially calculable decrease
47 in losses in the aforementioned circumstances].
48 2. [The superintendent may provide for a] (a) An insurer shall offer
49 at least one discount that provides an actuarially appropriate reduction
50 in the rates of homeowners insurance premiums applicable to residential
51 real property for each of the following categories of improvements:
S. 9008--A 79 A. 10008--A
1 (1) theft prevention or mitigation improvements, such as when the real
2 property is equipped with dead-bolt locks[, should a statistically valid
3 study of insurer experience indicate an actuarially significant decrease
4 in losses attributable to the use of such a device. The superintendent
5 shall by regulation establish standards for dead-bolt locks for which a
6 reduction may be approved. The reductions provided for shall be propor-
7 tionally related to the actuarially calculable decrease in losses
8 attributable to the use of such a device] or a security system; and
9 (2) water damage prevention or mitigation improvements, such as a
10 smart water monitor and shutoff device.
11 (b) An insurer shall offer a discount that provides an actuarially
12 appropriate reduction in the rates of homeowners insurance premiums
13 applicable to residential real property for the installation of a newly
14 constructed roof or a roof replacement and for each of the following
15 wind damage mitigation improvements to the property:
16 (1) improvements made to roof coverings, such as tiles or shingles,
17 for wind-resistance;
18 (2) roof deck attachments;
19 (3) secondary water resistance, including sealing and strengthening a
20 roof deck, roof and gable end vents or covers, and improvements made for
21 water intrusion resistance of attic vents; and
22 (4) roof to wall connections, including toe nails, clips, strapping,
23 or ties.
24 (c) To be considered for any discount provided for in paragraph (b) of
25 this subsection, an insurable property shall be certified as constructed
26 in accordance with any building code applicable in this state or New
27 York city, as amended from time-to-time, or such other standards as
28 approved by the superintendent.
29 § 2. Section 2346-a of the insurance law, as added by chapter 78 of
30 the laws of 1997, is amended to read as follows:
31 § 2346-a. Reduction in rates of certain commercial risk insurance
32 premiums for real property. [The superintendent shall provide for] (a)
33 An insurer shall offer at least one discount that provides an actuarial-
34 ly appropriate reduction in the rates of fire insurance premiums or the
35 fire insurance component of certain commercial risk insurance, as
36 defined in subparagraph (A) of paragraph forty-seven of subsection (a)
37 of section one hundred seven of this chapter, to a purchaser of such
38 insurance and shall also provide such discount to a public entity as
39 defined in paragraph fifty-one of subsection (a) of section one hundred
40 seven of this chapter, for the loss of or damage to real property
41 equipped with fire prevention or mitigation improvements, such as when
42 the real property is equipped with smoke detecting alarm devices,
43 approved sprinkler systems, or fire extinguishers.
44 (b) An insurer shall offer at least one discount that provides an
45 actuarially appropriate reduction in the rates of premiums for certain
46 commercial risk insurance, as defined in subparagraph (A) of paragraph
47 forty-seven of subsection (a) of section one hundred seven of this chap-
48 ter, to a purchaser of such insurance and shall also provide such
49 reduction to a public entity as defined in paragraph fifty-one of
50 subsection (a) of section one hundred seven of this chapter for loss of
51 or damage to real property for each of the following categories of
52 improvements:
53 (1) theft prevention or mitigation improvements, such as when the real
54 property is equipped with dead-bolt locks or a security system; and
55 (2) water damage prevention or mitigation improvements, such as a
56 smart water monitor and shutoff device.
S. 9008--A 80 A. 10008--A
1 (c) An insurer shall offer a discount that provides an actuarially
2 appropriate reduction in the rates of premiums for certain commercial
3 risk insurance, as defined in subparagraph (A) of paragraph forty-seven
4 of subsection (a) of section one hundred seven of this chapter, to a
5 purchaser of such insurance and shall also provide such reduction to a
6 public entity as defined in paragraph fifty-one of subsection (a) of
7 section one hundred seven of this chapter for the loss of or damage to
8 real property for the installation of a newly constructed roof or a roof
9 replacement and for each of the following wind damage mitigation
10 improvements to the property:
11 (1) improvements made to roof coverings, such as tiles or shingles,
12 for wind-resistance;
13 (2) roof deck attachments;
14 (3) secondary water resistance, including sealing and strengthening a
15 roof deck, roof and gable end vents or covers, and improvements made for
16 water intrusion resistance of attic vents; and
17 (4) roof to wall connections, including toe nails, clips, strapping,
18 or ties.
19 (d) To be considered for any discount provided for in subsection (c)
20 of this section, an insurable property shall be certified as constructed
21 in accordance with any building code applicable in this state or New
22 York city, as amended from time-to-time, or such other standards as
23 approved by the superintendent.
24 (e) An insurer shall offer a discount that provides an actuarially
25 appropriate reduction in the rates of premiums for certain commercial
26 risk insurance, as defined in subparagraph (A) of paragraph forty-seven
27 of subsection (a) of section one hundred seven of this chapter, to a
28 purchaser of such insurance and shall also provide such reduction to a
29 public entity as defined in paragraph fifty-one of subsection (a) of
30 section one hundred seven of this chapter for the loss of or damage to
31 real property fitted or retrofitted with hurricane resistant laminated
32 glass windows or doors. The superintendent shall by regulation estab-
33 lish standards for hurricane resistant laminated glass windows and
34 doors, including the safe and secure installation thereof.
35 § 3. The insurance law is amended by adding a new section 2354 to
36 read as follows:
37 § 2354. Disclosure and reporting of discounts. (a) An insurer that
38 issues or delivers in this state a policy that insures loss of or damage
39 to real property shall specify the nature and the total dollar amount
40 reduction of each discount applied to the policy on the declarations
41 page and specify the nature and percentage of all available discounts
42 that the insurer offers on the policy in a conspicuous notice entitled
43 "DISCOUNT INFORMATION" included with the policy.
44 (b) An insurer shall report the following information to the super-
45 intendent, in a form prescribed by the superintendent, by April first of
46 each year: (1) a list of all discounts offered to insureds during the
47 preceding calendar year, including the nature of the discounts and the
48 discount amounts; and (2) the number of insureds who received each
49 discount during the preceding calendar year and the zip codes in which
50 the insured properties are located.
51 § 4. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however,
52 sections one and two of this act shall take effect one year after it
53 shall have become a law; and provided further, however, that section
54 three of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
55 have become a law. Effective immediately, the addition, amendment
56 and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implementation
S. 9008--A 81 A. 10008--A
1 of this act on its effective date are authorized to be made and
2 completed on or before such effective date.
3 PART EE
4 Section 1. Subsection (d) of section 5102 of the insurance law, as
5 amended by chapter 955 of the laws of 1984, is amended to read as
6 follows:
7 (d) "Serious injury" means a personal injury which results in death;
8 dismemberment; significant disfigurement; a fracture; loss of a fetus;
9 permanent loss of use of a body organ, member, function or system;
10 permanent consequential limitation of use of a body organ or member; or
11 significant limitation of use of a body function or system[; or a
12 medically determined injury or impairment of a non-permanent nature
13 which prevents the injured person from performing substantially all of
14 the material acts which constitute such person's usual and customary
15 daily activities for not less than ninety days during the one hundred
16 eighty days immediately following the occurrence of the injury or
17 impairment].
18 § 2. Subsection (a) of section 5104 of the insurance law is amended,
19 and a new subsection (d) is added to read as follows:
20 (a) Notwithstanding any other law, in any action by or on behalf of a
21 covered person against another covered person for personal injuries
22 arising out of negligence in the use or operation of a motor vehicle in
23 this state, there shall be no right of recovery for non-economic loss,
24 except in the case of a serious injury, or for basic economic loss. The
25 owner, operator or occupant of a motorcycle which has in effect the
26 financial security required by article six or eight of the vehicle and
27 traffic law, or which is referred to in subdivision two of section three
28 hundred twenty-one of such law, shall not be subject to an action by or
29 on behalf of a covered person for recovery for non-economic loss, except
30 in the case of a serious injury, or for basic economic loss. No liabil-
31 ity for non-economic loss shall be fixed unless and until the trier of
32 fact has determined the existence of a serious injury. In any action to
33 recover non-economic loss pursuant to this article, the trier of fact
34 shall not determine the question of whether an injury is a serious inju-
35 ry until the trier of fact has determined the party or parties at fault.
36 (d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, and other than in an action for
37 damages for injuries resulting in death, recovery for non-economic loss
38 shall be limited to one hundred thousand dollars in the case of a seri-
39 ous injury in any action by or on behalf of a covered person (1) using
40 or operating an uninsured motor vehicle, (2) using or operating a motor
41 vehicle while impaired at the time of the accident and convicted of
42 such, or (3) using or operating a motor vehicle in the commission of a
43 felony, or immediate flight therefrom, at the time of the accident and
44 has been convicted of such felony.
45 § 3. Section 1411 of the civil practice law and rules, as added by
46 chapter 69 of the laws of 1975, is amended to read as follows:
47 § 1411. Damages recoverable when contributory negligence or assumption
48 of risk is established. [In] (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of
49 this section, in any action to recover damages for personal injury,
50 injury to property, or wrongful death, the culpable conduct attributable
51 to the claimant or to the decedent, including contributory negligence or
52 assumption of risk, shall not bar recovery[, but the]. The amount of
53 damages otherwise recoverable shall be diminished in the proportion
S. 9008--A 82 A. 10008--A
1 which the culpable conduct attributable to the claimant or decedent
2 bears to the culpable conduct which caused the damages.
3 (b) In any action to recover damages for personal injury subject to
4 article fifty-one of the insurance law, the culpable conduct attribut-
5 able to the claimant shall bar recovery if the culpable conduct attrib-
6 utable to the claimant is greater than the culpable conduct of the
7 person against whom recovery is sought or is greater than the combined
8 culpable conduct of the persons against whom recovery is sought.
9 § 4. Subdivision 6 of section 1602 of the civil practice law and rules
10 is REPEALED.
11 § 5. This act shall take effect immediately and shall be applicable to
12 all actions and proceedings commenced on or after such date.
13 PART FF
14 Section 1. Subsection (a) of section 405 of the insurance law, as
15 amended by section 7 of part A of chapter 62 of the laws of 2011, is
16 amended to read as follows:
17 (a) Any person licensed or registered pursuant to the provisions of
18 this chapter, and any person engaged in the business of insurance or
19 life settlement in this state who is exempted from compliance with the
20 licensing requirements of this chapter, including the state insurance
21 fund of this state, who has reason to believe that an insurance trans-
22 action or life settlement act may be fraudulent, or has knowledge that a
23 fraudulent insurance transaction or fraudulent life settlement act is
24 about to take place, or has taken place shall, within [thirty] sixty
25 days after determination by such person that the transaction appears to
26 be fraudulent, send to the superintendent on a form prescribed by the
27 superintendent, the information requested by the form and such addi-
28 tional information relative to the factual circumstances of the trans-
29 action and the parties involved as the superintendent may require. The
30 superintendent shall accept reports of suspected fraudulent insurance
31 transactions or fraudulent life settlement acts from any self insurer,
32 including but not limited to self insurers providing health insurance
33 coverage or those defined in section fifty of the workers' compensation
34 law, and shall treat such reports as any other received pursuant to this
35 section.
36 § 2. Subsection (a) of section 5106 of the insurance law is amended to
37 read as follows:
38 (a) Payments of first party benefits and additional first party bene-
39 fits shall be made as the loss is incurred. Such benefits are overdue
40 if not paid within thirty days after the claimant supplies proof of the
41 fact and amount of loss sustained. If proof is not supplied as to the
42 entire claim, the amount which is supported by proof is overdue if not
43 paid within thirty days after such proof is supplied. The failure of an
44 insurer to make timely payment or issue a denial within thirty days
45 after proof of claim has been submitted to the insurer shall not
46 preclude the insurer from issuing a denial or asserting a defense after
47 the thirty-day period has elapsed. All overdue payments shall bear
48 interest at the rate of two percent per month. If a valid claim or
49 portion was overdue, the claimant shall also be entitled to recover
50 [his] the claimant's attorney's reasonable fee, for services necessarily
51 performed in connection with securing payment of the overdue claim,
52 subject to limitations promulgated by the superintendent in regulations.
53 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately and the amendments to
54 subsection (a) of section 5106 of the insurance law made by section two
S. 9008--A 83 A. 10008--A
1 of this act shall apply to claims submitted to an insurer on or after
2 such effective date.
3 PART GG
4 Section 1. The insurance law is amended by adding a new section 346 to
5 read as follows:
6 § 346. Annual report on insurance for multi-family buildings. An
7 authorized insurer that issues or delivers in this state a policy that
8 insures loss of or damage to real property used predominantly for resi-
9 dential purposes and that consists of two or more dwelling units, other
10 than hotels and motels, shall file a report with the superintendent by
11 March first of each year, in a form prescribed by the superintendent,
12 that includes information on such policies for the preceding calendar
13 year, including premiums collected, claims paid, and such other informa-
14 tion as the superintendent shall deem necessary, in consultation with
15 the commissioner of housing and community renewal. The superintendent
16 shall publish on the department's website the reports required by this
17 section.
18 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
19 PART HH
20 Section 1. This Part enacts into law components of legislation relat-
21 ing to pre-authorization, access to specialty care, and formulary lists.
22 Each component is wholly contained within a Subpart identified as
23 Subparts A through D. The effective date for each particular provision
24 contained within such Subpart is set forth in the last section of such
25 Subpart. Any provision in any section contained within a Subpart,
26 including the effective date of the Subpart, which makes reference to a
27 section "of this act", when used in connection with that particular
28 component, shall be deemed to mean and refer to the corresponding
29 section of the Subpart in which it is found. Section two of this Part
30 sets forth the general effective date of this Part.
31 SUBPART A
32 Section 1. Section 210 of the insurance law, as amended by chapter 579
33 of the laws of 1998, subsection (d) as amended by chapter 207 of the
34 laws of 2019, is amended to read as follows:
35 § 210. Annual consumer guide of health insurers, and entities certi-
36 fied pursuant to article forty-four of the public health law.
37 (a) The superintendent shall annually publish on or before September
38 first, nineteen hundred ninety-nine, and annually thereafter, a consumer
39 guide to insurers providing managed care products, individual accident
40 and health insurance or group or blanket accident and health insurance
41 and entities licensed pursuant to article forty-four of the public
42 health law providing comprehensive health service plans which includes,
43 in detail, a ranking from best to worst based upon each company's claim
44 processing or medical payments record during the preceding calendar year
45 using criteria available to the department, adjusted for volume of
46 coverage provided. Such ranking shall also take into consideration the
47 corresponding total number or percentage of claims denied which were
48 reversed or compromised after intervention by the department and the
49 department of health, consumer complaints to the department and the
50 department of health, violations of section three thousand two hundred
S. 9008--A 84 A. 10008--A
1 twenty-four-a of this chapter and other pertinent data which would
2 permit the department to objectively determine a company's performance.
3 The department in publishing such consumer guide shall publish one
4 state-wide guide or no more than five regional guides so as to facili-
5 tate comparisons among individual insurers and entities within a service
6 market area. Such rankings shall be printed in a format which ranks all
7 health insurers and all entities certified pursuant to article forty-
8 four of the public health law in one combined list.
9 (b) [Beginning September first, nineteen hundred ninety-nine and annu-
10 ally thereafter, the] The superintendent shall include in such guide
11 annually, and insurers and entities certified pursuant to article
12 forty-four of the public health law shall provide to the superintendent
13 the information required for such guide in a timely fashion, the follow-
14 ing information:
15 (1) The number of grievances filed pursuant to section forty-four
16 hundred eight-a of the public health law, section three thousand two
17 hundred seventeen-d of this chapter, section four thousand three hundred
18 six-c of this chapter, or article forty-eight of this chapter and the
19 number of such grievances in which an adverse determination of the
20 insurer or entity was reversed in whole or in part versus the number of
21 such determinations which were upheld; [and]
22 (2) Beginning September first, two thousand twenty-seven, the number
23 of approvals and the number of adverse determinations in whole or part
24 issued by utilization review agents pursuant to section forty-nine
25 hundred three of the public health law or section four thousand nine
26 hundred three of this chapter; and
27 (3) The number of appeals to utilization review determinations [which]
28 that were filed pursuant to [article forty-nine of the public health law
29 or article forty-nine] section forty-nine hundred four of the public
30 health law and section four thousand nine hundred four of this chapter
31 and the number of such determinations [which] that were reversed in
32 whole or in part versus the number of such determinations [which] that
33 were upheld.
34 (c) Beginning September first, nineteen hundred ninety-nine and annu-
35 ally thereafter, in addition to the information required in subsections
36 (a) and (b) of this section, the superintendent, in conjunction with the
37 commissioner of health, in consultation with the National Committee on
38 Quality Assurance or a similar national organization, shall include in
39 such guide the following additional information, for the most recent
40 year in which such information is available and where applicable, for
41 health insurers, health insurers providing managed care products and
42 entities certified under article forty-four of the public health law
43 providing comprehensive health service plans pursuant to such article:
44 (1) the percentage of physicians who are either board certified or
45 board eligible;
46 (2) the percentage of primary care physicians who remained participat-
47 ing providers, provided however, that such percentage shall exclude
48 voluntary terminations due to physician retirement, relocation or other
49 similar reasons;
50 (3) the percentage of enrollees aged twenty-three to thirty-nine and
51 forty to sixty-four who had one or more visits to a health plan practi-
52 tioner during the three years of their continual enrollment.
53 (4) the methods used to compensate primary care physicians and other
54 providers, provided however, that nothing in this section shall be
55 construed to require disclosure of the specific details of any financial
S. 9008--A 85 A. 10008--A
1 arrangement between the insurer or entity and an individual provider or
2 practice;
3 (5) the national accreditation status of insurers and entities, where
4 applicable;
5 (6) indices of the quality of care provided, such as the rates of
6 mammography, prostate, and cervical cancer screening, prenatal care,
7 well-child care, immunization and such other information collected by
8 the commissioner of health through the health plan employer data and
9 information set (HEDIS); or through the quality assurance reporting
10 requirements for entities not otherwise required to collect and report
11 health plan employer data and information set (HEDIS) data;
12 (7) the results of a consumer satisfaction survey among enrollees of
13 the various health insurers and entities, which shall be conducted by
14 the superintendent and commissioner of health, in consultation with the
15 National Committee on Quality Assurance or a similar national organiza-
16 tion;
17 (8) a toll-free telephone number for each health insurer or plan;
18 (9) toll-free telephone numbers at the department and the department
19 of health to which consumers can make complaints about insurers or enti-
20 ties; and
21 (10) except as required in paragraph seven of this subsection, health
22 insurers and entities certified pursuant to article forty-four of the
23 public health law shall report the information required under this
24 subdivision to the commissioner of health, and the commissioner shall
25 provide such information to the superintendent for inclusion in the
26 annual consumer guide.
27 (d) Beginning September first, two thousand twenty-seven and annually
28 thereafter, in addition to the information required in subsections (a),
29 (b), and (c) of this section, the superintendent shall include in such
30 guide, and insurers and entities certified pursuant to article forty-
31 four of the public health law shall provide to the superintendent, in a
32 form and manner specified by the superintendent, the information
33 required for such guide in a timely fashion, the following information
34 regarding pre-authorization requests under article forty-nine of the
35 public health law or article forty-nine of this chapter:
36 (1) the number of pre-authorization requests received under section
37 forty-nine hundred three of the public health law and section four thou-
38 sand nine hundred three of this chapter;
39 (2) the number of pre-authorization requests for which an authori-
40 zation was issued under section forty-nine hundred three of the public
41 health law and section four thousand nine hundred three of this chapter;
42 (3) the number of pre-authorization requests for which an adverse
43 determination was issued in whole or part under section forty-nine
44 hundred three of the public health law and section four thousand nine
45 hundred three of this chapter;
46 (4) the number of pre-authorization requests for which an adverse
47 determination was appealed under section forty-nine hundred four of the
48 public health law and section four thousand nine hundred four of this
49 chapter;
50 (5) the number of pre-authorization requests for which an adverse
51 determination was reversed on appeal in whole or part under section
52 forty-nine hundred four of the public health law and section four thou-
53 sand nine hundred four of this chapter;
54 (6) the number of pre-authorization requests for which an adverse
55 determination was upheld under section forty-nine hundred four of the
S. 9008--A 86 A. 10008--A
1 public health law and section four thousand nine hundred four of this
2 chapter;
3 (7) the twenty-five current procedural terminology codes with the
4 highest number of pre-authorization requests and the percentage of
5 authorizations for each of these current procedural terminology codes
6 under section forty-nine hundred three of the public health law and
7 section four thousand nine hundred three of this chapter;
8 (8) the twenty-five current procedural terminology codes with the
9 highest number of pre-authorization requests for which an authorization
10 was issued under section forty-nine hundred three of the public health
11 law and section four thousand nine hundred three of this chapter;
12 (9) the twenty-five current procedural terminology codes with the
13 highest number of pre-authorization requests under section forty-nine
14 hundred three of the public health law and section four thousand nine
15 hundred three of this chapter for which an adverse determination was
16 issued in whole or part but that was reversed by an appeal, in whole or
17 part, under section forty-nine hundred four of the public health law and
18 section four thousand nine hundred four of this chapter; and
19 (10) the twenty-five current procedural terminology codes with the
20 highest number of pre-authorization requests for which an adverse deter-
21 mination was issued in whole or part under section forty-nine hundred
22 three of the public health law and section four thousand nine hundred
23 three of this chapter.
24 (e) Health insurers and entities certified pursuant to article forty-
25 four of the public health law shall provide annually to the superinten-
26 dent and the commissioner of health, and the commissioner of health
27 shall provide to the superintendent by March first of each year, all of
28 the information necessary for the superintendent to produce the annual
29 consumer guide. In compiling the guide, the superintendent shall make
30 every effort to ensure that the information is presented in a clear,
31 understandable fashion [which] that facilitates comparisons among indi-
32 vidual insurers and entities, and in a format [which] that lends itself
33 to the widest possible distribution to consumers. The superintendent
34 shall either include the information from the annual consumer guide in
35 the consumer shopping guide required by subsection (a) of section four
36 thousand three hundred twenty-three of this chapter or combine the two
37 guides as long as consumers in the individual market are provided with
38 the information required by subsection (a) of section four thousand
39 three hundred twenty-three of this chapter.
40 [(e)] (f) The superintendent shall contract with a national organiza-
41 tion for the purposes of drafting and designing the guide, including the
42 preparation of relevant explanatory material. Such organization shall
43 have actual experience in preparing a similar guide for at least one
44 other state. The superintendent, in consultation with the commissioner
45 of health, may also contract with one or more national organizations to
46 assist such commissioner in the collection of data and the analysis and
47 auditing of the clinical measurers. Such organizations shall consult
48 periodically with associations representing health insurers and health
49 maintenance organizations as well as with consumer representatives in
50 New York in preparing the consumer guide.
51 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
52 SUBPART B
53 Section 1. Subsection (f) of section 4804 of the insurance law, as
54 added by chapter 705 of the laws of 1996, is amended to read as follows:
S. 9008--A 87 A. 10008--A
1 (f) If a new insured whose health care provider is not a member of the
2 insurer's in-network benefits portion of the provider network enrolls in
3 the managed care product, the insurer shall permit the insured to
4 continue an ongoing course of treatment with the insured's current
5 health care provider during a transitional period of up to [sixty] nine-
6 ty days from the effective date of enrollment[, if (1) the insured has a
7 life-threatening disease or condition or a degenerative and disabling
8 disease or condition or (2)]. If the insured [has entered the second
9 trimester of pregnancy] is pregnant at the time of enrollment, [in which
10 case] the transitional period shall include the provision of [post-par-
11 tum] care for the duration of the pregnancy and postpartum care directly
12 related to the delivery. If an insured elects to continue to receive
13 care from such health care provider pursuant to this paragraph, such
14 care shall be authorized by the insurer for the transitional period only
15 if the health care provider agrees: (A) to accept reimbursement from the
16 insurer at rates established by the insurer as payment in full, which
17 rates shall be no more than the level of reimbursement applicable to
18 similar providers within the in-network benefits portion of the insur-
19 er's network for such services; (B) to adhere to the insurer's quality
20 assurance requirements and agrees to provide to the insurer necessary
21 medical information related to such care; and (C) to otherwise adhere to
22 the insurer's policies and procedures including, but not limited to,
23 procedures regarding referrals and obtaining pre-authorization and a
24 treatment plan approved by the insurer. In no event shall this
25 subsection be construed to require an insurer to provide coverage for
26 benefits not otherwise covered or to diminish or impair pre-existing
27 condition limitations contained within the insured's contract.
28 § 2. Paragraph (f) of subdivision 6 of section 4403 of the public
29 health law, as added by chapter 705 of the laws of 1996, is amended to
30 read as follows:
31 (f) If a new enrollee whose health care provider is not a member of
32 the health maintenance organization's provider network enrolls in the
33 health maintenance organization, the organization shall permit the
34 enrollee to continue an ongoing course of treatment with the enrollee's
35 current health care provider during a transitional period of up to
36 [sixty] ninety days from the effective date of enrollment[, if (i) the
37 enrollee has a life-threatening disease or condition or a degenerative
38 and disabling disease or condition or (ii)]. If the enrollee [has
39 entered the second trimester of pregnancy] is pregnant at the effective
40 date of enrollment, [in which case] the transitional period shall
41 include the provision of [post-partum] care for the duration of the
42 pregnancy and postpartum care directly related to the delivery. If an
43 enrollee elects to continue to receive care from such health care
44 provider pursuant to this paragraph, such care shall be authorized by
45 the health maintenance organization for the transitional period only if
46 the health care provider agrees: (A) to accept reimbursement from the
47 health maintenance organization at rates established by the health main-
48 tenance organization as payment in full, which rates shall be no more
49 than the level of reimbursement applicable to similar providers within
50 the health maintenance organization's network for such services; (B) to
51 adhere to the organization's quality assurance requirements and agrees
52 to provide to the organization necessary medical information related to
53 such care; and (C) to otherwise adhere to the organization's policies
54 and procedures including, but not limited to, procedures regarding
55 referrals and obtaining pre-authorization and a treatment plan approved
56 by the organization. In no event shall this paragraph be construed to
S. 9008--A 88 A. 10008--A
1 require a health maintenance organization to provide coverage for bene-
2 fits not otherwise covered or to diminish or impair pre-existing condi-
3 tion limitations contained within the subscriber's contract.
4 § 3. This act shall take effect on the first of January next succeed-
5 ing the date on which it shall have become a law and shall apply to
6 policies issued, renewed, modified, or amended on or after such date.
7 SUBPART C
8 Section 1. Subsection (a) of section 3242 of the insurance law, as
9 added by section 1 of subpart C of part J of chapter 57 of the laws of
10 2019, is amended to read as follows:
11 (a) Every insurer that delivers or issues for delivery in this state a
12 policy that provides coverage for prescription drugs shall, with respect
13 to the prescription drug coverage, publish an up-to-date, accurate, and
14 complete list of all covered prescription drugs on its formulary drug
15 list, including any tiering structure that it has adopted and any
16 restrictions on the manner in which a prescription drug may be obtained,
17 in a manner that is easily accessible to insureds [and], prospective
18 insureds, health care providers, and other interested parties. The
19 formulary drug list shall clearly identify the preventive prescription
20 drugs that are available without annual deductibles or coinsurance,
21 including co-payments. A formulary drug list shall only be considered
22 easily accessible if:
23 (1) it can be viewed on the insurer's public website without requiring
24 an individual to create or access an account or enter a password or to
25 be covered under an insurance policy issued by the insurer; and
26 (2) an individual can easily discern which formulary drug list applies
27 to which plan, if an insurer offers more than one plan.
28 § 2. Subsection (a) of section 4329 of the insurance law, as added by
29 section 2 of subpart C of part J of chapter 57 of the laws of 2019, is
30 amended to read as follows:
31 (a) Every corporation subject to the provisions of this article that
32 issues a contract that provides coverage for prescription drugs shall,
33 with respect to the prescription drug coverage, publish an up-to-date,
34 accurate, and complete list of all covered prescription drugs on its
35 formulary drug list, including any tiering structure that it has adopted
36 and any restrictions on the manner in which a prescription drug may be
37 obtained, in a manner that is easily accessible to insureds [and],
38 prospective insureds, health care providers, and other interested
39 parties. The formulary drug list shall clearly identify the preventive
40 prescription drugs that are available without annual deductibles or
41 coinsurance, including co-payments. A formulary drug list shall only be
42 considered easily accessible if:
43 (1) it can be viewed on the corporation's public website without
44 requiring an individual to create or access an account or enter a pass-
45 word or to be covered under an insurance policy issued by the corpo-
46 ration; and
47 (2) an individual can easily discern which formulary drug list applies
48 to which plan, if a corporation offers more than one plan.
49 § 3. This act shall take effect on the first of January next succeed-
50 ing the date on which it shall have become a law and shall apply to
51 policies issued, renewed, modified or amended on or after such date.
52 SUBPART D
S. 9008--A 89 A. 10008--A
1 Section 1. Subsection (b-3) of section 4900 of the insurance law is
2 relettered subsection (b-4) and a new subsection (b-3) is added to read
3 as follows:
4 (b-3) "Chronic health condition" means a condition that is expected to
5 last for at least one year and requires ongoing treatment to effectively
6 manage the condition or prevent an adverse health event.
7 § 2. Subsection (f) of section 4905 of the insurance law, as added by
8 chapter 705 of the laws of 1996, is amended read as follows:
9 (f) Utilization review shall not be conducted more frequently than is
10 reasonably required to assess whether the health care services under
11 review are medically necessary provided, however, that utilization
12 review shall not be conducted more than once per year for a course of
13 treatment for a chronic health condition starting from the date of a
14 pre-authorization approval for the course of treatment.
15 § 3. Subdivision 2-c of section 4900 of the public health law is
16 renumbered subdivision 2-d and a new subdivision 2-c is added to read as
17 follows:
18 (2-c) "Chronic health condition" means a condition that is expected to
19 last for at least one year and requires ongoing treatment to effectively
20 manage the condition or prevent an adverse health event.
21 § 4. Subdivision 6 of section 4905 of the public health law, as added
22 by chapter 705 of the laws of 1996, is amended to read as follows:
23 6. Utilization review shall not be conducted more frequently than is
24 reasonably required to assess whether the health care services under
25 review are medically necessary provided, however, that utilization
26 review shall not be conducted more than once per year for a course of
27 treatment for a chronic health condition starting from the date of a
28 pre-authorization approval for the course of treatment.
29 § 5. This act shall take effect on the first of January next succeed-
30 ing the date on which it shall have become a law and shall apply to
31 policies issued, renewed, modified, or amended on or after such date.
32 § 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi-
33 sion, section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of
34 competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect,
35 impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in
36 its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section
37 or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg-
38 ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of
39 the legislature that this act would have been enacted even if such
40 invalid provisions had not been included herein.
41 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
42 the applicable effective date of Subparts A through D of this act shall
43 be as specifically set forth in the last section of such Subparts.
44 PART II
45 Section 1. Section 2336 of the insurance law is amended by adding a
46 new subsection (i) to read as follows:
47 (i) (1) Any schedule or rating plan for motor vehicle insurance
48 submitted to the superintendent shall provide for an actuarially appro-
49 priate reduction in premium charges for bodily injury liability, proper-
50 ty damage liability, personal injury protection, medical payments, and
51 collision coverage with respect to a motor vehicle equipped with a dash-
52 board camera. A "dashboard camera" means a dashboard-mounted video
53 recording device capable of continuous loop recording with a minimum
S. 9008--A 90 A. 10008--A
1 resolution of 1080p, designed to capture footage of the road ahead of
2 the motor vehicle.
3 (2) To qualify for the discount, an insurer shall require that the
4 policyholder submit proof of installation and operation of the dashboard
5 camera. A policyholder's failure to maintain an operational dashboard
6 camera shall result in the forfeiture of the discount at the next policy
7 renewal, unless the insurer reinstates the discount upon proof of
8 compliance.
9 § 2. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after
10 it shall have become a law. Effective immediately, the addition, amend-
11 ment and/or repeal of any rule or regulation necessary for the implemen-
12 tation of this act on its effective date are authorized to be made and
13 completed on or before such effective date.
14 PART JJ
15 Section 1. The banking law is amended by adding a new article 14-AA to
16 read as follows:
17 ARTICLE XIV-AA
18 STUDENT LOAN PROTECTIONS AND DISCLOSURES
19 Section 726. Definitions.
20 727. Cosigner release.
21 728. Required communications from private student lenders.
22 729. Documents and records.
23 730. Other requirements applicable to cosigners.
24 731. Required disclosures.
25 732. Enforcement and penalties.
26 733. Rules and regulations.
27 734. Severability.
28 § 726. Definitions. For the purposes of this article, the following
29 terms shall have the following meanings:
30 1. "Borrower" has the same meaning as set forth in section seven
31 hundred ten of this chapter; provided, however, for purposes of sections
32 seven hundred twenty-seven, seven hundred twenty-eight, and seven
33 hundred twenty-nine of this article, the term "borrower" shall exclude a
34 cosigner.
35 2. "Cosigner" means an individual who is liable for the loan obli-
36 gation of another, regardless of how the individual is designated in the
37 loan contract or instrument with respect to that obligation, including
38 an obligation under a private student loan extended to consolidate a
39 borrower's preexisting private student loan. "Cosigner" includes an
40 individual whose signature is requested as a condition to grant credit
41 or forbear a collection. "Cosigner" does not include a spouse of a
42 borrower or cosigner whose signature is needed solely to perfect the
43 security interest in the loan.
44 3. "Cosigner release" means the act of releasing a cosigner from their
45 obligations relating to a student loan.
46 4. "Exempt organization" has the same meaning as set forth in section
47 seven hundred ten of this chapter.
48 5. "Federal student loan" means a student loan made, insured, or guar-
49 anteed under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. §§
50 1070 et seq.).
51 6. "Private student lender" means any person or entity, including an
52 educational institution, that is not an exempt organization and is:
53 (a) engaged in the business of making or acquiring private student
54 loans; or
S. 9008--A 91 A. 10008--A
1 (b) an administrative or collateral agent of a private student lender,
2 including a student loan servicer.
3 7. "Private student loan" means a student loan that is not made,
4 insured, or guaranteed under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of
5 1965 (20 U.S.C. §§ 1070 et seq.).
6 8. "Student loan" has the same meaning as set forth in section seven
7 hundred ten of this chapter.
8 9. "Student loan servicer" has the same meaning as set forth in
9 section seven hundred ten of this chapter.
10 § 727. Cosigner release. 1. (a) A private student lender that makes or
11 acquires any private student loans with a cosigner shall disclose,
12 clearly and conspicuously in writing, in a form that the consumer may
13 keep, the specific and reasonable criteria for cosigner release.
14 (b) The private student lender shall provide the disclosures required
15 by this section prior to execution of the private student loan agreement
16 by the borrower and shall provide them together with any other disclo-
17 sures.
18 (c) The disclosures required by this section may be provided to the
19 consumer in electronic form.
20 2. (a) For any private student loan made after the effective date of
21 this section, a private student lender shall not require proof of more
22 than twenty-four consecutive, on-time payments as part of the criteria
23 for cosigner release.
24 (b) A borrower who has paid the equivalent of twenty-four months of
25 principal and interest payments within any twenty-four-month period is
26 deemed to have satisfied the consecutive, on-time payment requirement
27 even if the borrower has not made payments monthly during the twenty-
28 four-month period.
29 3. Within thirty days after the borrower has met the payment criteria
30 to be eligible for cosigner release, the private student lender shall
31 send the borrower and cosigner a written notification by United States
32 mail that they have met the payment requirements for cosigner release.
33 For a borrower or cosigner who has elected to receive electronic commu-
34 nications from the private student lender, the private student lender
35 shall send such notification in all electronic communication formats for
36 which the private student lender has the borrower's or cosigner's
37 contact information. The notification shall disclose any additional
38 requirements for the borrower or cosigner to qualify for cosigner
39 release and the process for meeting those requirements and applying for
40 cosigner release.
41 4. A private student lender shall provide written notice to a borrower
42 and cosigner within thirty days after receipt of an incomplete applica-
43 tion for cosigner release from such borrower or cosigner that the appli-
44 cation is incomplete. Such written notice shall describe the information
45 needed to complete the application and the date by which the applicant
46 must provide the missing information, which shall be a minimum of thirty
47 days after such notice is sent to the borrower and cosigner.
48 5. Within thirty days after a borrower or cosigner submits a complete
49 application for cosigner release to a private student lender, the
50 private student lender shall send the borrower and cosigner a written
51 notice of either the approval or denial of the cosigner release applica-
52 tion. A notice of a denial of an application issued pursuant to this
53 subdivision shall describe with specificity the reason for the denial
54 and any action the borrower or cosigner must take to obtain approval.
55 § 728. Required communications from private student lenders. 1. Prior
56 to originating a private student loan, a private student lender shall
S. 9008--A 92 A. 10008--A
1 provide to all cosigner applicants information about the rights and
2 responsibilities of the cosigner of the loan, including:
3 (a) how the private student lender will furnish information about the
4 cosigner's private student loan obligation to credit reporting agencies;
5 (b) how the cosigner will be notified if the private student loan
6 becomes delinquent and how the cosigner can cure the delinquency to
7 avoid negative credit reporting and loss of cosigner release eligibil-
8 ity;
9 (c) whether the private student lender offers cosigner release;
10 (d) all criteria for cosigner release, including the number of
11 payments for the private student lender to release the cosigner from the
12 loan obligation; and
13 (e) the process for applying for cosigner release.
14 2. Private student lenders shall send to borrowers and cosigners annu-
15 al written notices containing all information about cosigner release set
16 forth in subdivision one of this section.
17 3. Private student lenders shall send to borrowers and cosigners writ-
18 ten notices containing information about cosigner release set forth in
19 subdivision one of this section, upon request of the borrower or cosig-
20 ner.
21 § 729. Documents and records. 1. A private student lender shall keep
22 documents and records for each private student loan sufficient to demon-
23 strate the extent to which the borrower and the cosigner have fulfilled
24 the private student lender's criteria for cosigner release, including
25 any requirement for monthly payments.
26 2. (a) A private student lender shall make available to a cosigner of
27 a private student loan all documents and records related to that private
28 student loan that the private student lender has made available to the
29 borrower.
30 (b) If a private student lender offers electronic access to documents
31 and records to a borrower of a private student loan, it shall offer
32 equivalent electronic access to any cosigner of that private student
33 loan.
34 3. Within fifteen days of receiving a request, whether oral or writ-
35 ten, from a borrower or cosigner in relation to a private student loan
36 for redaction of the requesting obligor's contact information from
37 communications to any other obligor of such private student loan, the
38 private student lender shall so redact the contact information of the
39 requesting obligor.
40 § 730. Other requirements applicable to cosigners. 1. A student lender
41 shall not impose any restriction on any borrower or cosigner that may
42 permanently preclude cosigner release, including by restricting the
43 number of times a borrower or cosigner may apply for cosigner release.
44 2. If a borrower or cosigner makes any request for action that would
45 negatively affect eligibility for cosigner release, the private student
46 lender shall so notify the borrower and cosigner in writing within ten
47 days and grant the borrower or cosigner no less than thirty days to
48 rescind, withdraw, or cancel the request.
49 § 731. Required disclosures. 1. In connection with refinancing of one
50 or more student loans at least one of which is a federal student loan,
51 the private student lender shall disclose to the borrower, clearly and
52 conspicuously, contemporaneously with the provision of an application to
53 the borrower or with a solicitation for a private student loan if no
54 application is required or provided, benefits that the borrower may be
55 forfeiting by refinancing a federal student loan, including income-dri-
S. 9008--A 93 A. 10008--A
1 ven repayment options, opportunities for loan forgiveness, forbearance
2 or deferment options, interest subsidies, and tax benefits.
3 2. Contemporaneously with the approval of a private student loan
4 application, and before the loan transaction is consummated, the private
5 student lender shall disclose to the borrower, clearly and conspicuous-
6 ly:
7 (a) a list containing each student loan to be refinanced, which shall
8 identify whether the student loan is a private student loan or a federal
9 student loan; and
10 (b) benefits that the borrower may be forfeiting by refinancing a
11 federal student loan, including income-driven repayment options, oppor-
12 tunities for loan forgiveness, forbearance or deferment options, inter-
13 est subsidies, and tax benefits.
14 § 732. Enforcement and penalties. 1. Without limiting any power grant-
15 ed to the superintendent under any other provision of this chapter, the
16 superintendent may, after notice and hearing, require any person found
17 violating the provisions of this article or the rules or regulations
18 promulgated hereunder to pay to the people of this state a penalty not
19 to exceed: (a) two thousand five hundred dollars for each violation and
20 for each day during which such violation continues, or, in connection
21 with such violation, for each day a disclosure or notice mandated by
22 this article continues not to be provided to a borrower; or (b) where
23 such violation is willful, ten thousand dollars for each violation and
24 for each day during which such violation continues, or, in connection
25 with such violation, for each day a disclosure or notice mandated by
26 this article continues not to be provided to a borrower.
27 2. The superintendent shall not impose or collect any penalty under
28 section forty-four of this chapter in addition to any penalty for the
29 same act or omission that is imposed under this section.
30 § 733. Rules and regulations. In addition to such powers as may other-
31 wise be prescribed by this chapter, the superintendent of financial
32 services is hereby authorized and empowered to promulgate such rules and
33 regulations as may in the judgment of the superintendent be consistent
34 with the purposes of this article, or appropriate for the effective
35 administration of this article.
36 § 734. Severability. If any provision of this article or the applica-
37 tion thereof to any person or circumstances is held to be invalid, such
38 invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this
39 article which can be given effect without the invalid provision or
40 application, and to this end the provisions of this article are severa-
41 ble.
42 § 2. This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become a
43 law.
44 PART KK
45 Section 1. Section 2329 of the insurance law, as amended by chapter
46 182 of the laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:
47 § 2329. Motor vehicle insurance rates; excess profits. In accordance
48 with regulations prescribed by the superintendent, each insurer issuing
49 policies that are subject to article fifty-one of this chapter, includ-
50 ing policies of motor vehicle personal injury liability insurance or
51 policies of motor vehicle property damage liability insurance or insur-
52 ance for loss or damage to a motor vehicle, shall establish a fair,
53 practicable, and nondiscriminatory plan for refunding or otherwise cred-
54 iting to those purchasing such policies their share of the insurer's
S. 9008--A 94 A. 10008--A
1 excess profit, if any, on such policies. An excess profit shall be a
2 profit beyond a percentage rate of return on net worth attributable to
3 such policies, computed in accordance with the regulation required by
4 section two thousand three hundred twenty-three of this article, and
5 determined by the superintendent to be so far above a reasonable average
6 profit as to amount to an excess profit, taking into consideration the
7 fact that losses or profits below a reasonable average profit will not
8 be recouped from such policyholders. Each plan shall apply to policy
9 periods for the periods January first, nineteen hundred seventy-four
10 through August second, two thousand one, and the effective date of the
11 property/casualty insurance availability act through June thirtieth, two
12 thousand [twenty-six] twenty-nine. In prescribing such regulations the
13 superintendent may limit the duration of such plans, waive any require-
14 ment for refund or credit that the superintendent determines to be de
15 minimis or impracticable, adopt forms of returns that shall be made to
16 the superintendent in order to establish the amount of any refund or
17 credit due, establish periods and times for the determination and
18 distribution of refunds and credits, and shall provide that insurers
19 receive appropriate credit against any refunds or credits required by
20 any such plan for policyholder dividends and for return premiums that
21 may be due under rate credit or retrospective rating plans based on
22 experience.
23 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
24 PART LL
25 Section 1. Section 4 of chapter 495 of the laws of 2004, amending the
26 insurance law and the public health law relating to the New York state
27 health insurance continuation assistance demonstration project, as
28 amended by section 1 of part S of chapter 58 of the laws of 2025, is
29 amended to read as follows:
30 § 4. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall
31 have become a law; provided, however, that this act shall remain in
32 effect until July 1, [2026] 2027 when upon such date the provisions of
33 this act shall expire and be deemed repealed; provided, further, that a
34 displaced worker shall be eligible for continuation assistance retroac-
35 tive to July 1, 2004.
36 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
37 PART
38 Section 1. Section 1 of chapter 174 of the laws of 1968, constituting
39 the New York state urban development corporation act, is amended by
40 adding a new section 16-jj to read as follows:
41 § 16-jj. Collection of payments in lieu of taxes pursuant to leases
42 with respect to parcels within the Brooklyn marine terminal project. 1.
43 Definitions. As used in this section:
44 (a) "Tenant" shall mean any individual, partnership, trust, limited
45 liability company, public or private corporation (including a cooper-
46 ative housing corporation), or other entity holding the tenant's inter-
47 est in a residential lease.
48 (b) "Residential lease" shall mean a lease, sublease or other agree-
49 ment that relates to any portion of the Brooklyn marine terminal project
50 and is designed and intended for the purpose of providing housing accom-
51 modations and such facilities as may be incidental thereto, the lessor's
52 interest in which is held by Brooklyn marine terminal development corpo-
53 ration.
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1 (c) "Underlying parcel" shall mean a parcel subject to a residential
2 lease; provided, however, that in any case where the tenant's interest
3 in a residential lease is held by a unit owner, "underlying parcel"
4 shall mean the parcel in which the unit is included.
5 (d) "Unit owner" and "unit" shall have the same meaning as defined by
6 section three hundred thirty-nine-e of the real property law.
7 (e) "Parcel" shall have the same meaning as defined by section one
8 hundred two of the real property tax law; provided, however, that in any
9 case where the tenant's interest in a residential lease is held by a
10 unit owner, "parcel" shall mean the real property deemed to be a parcel
11 pursuant to paragraph (a) of subdivision two of section three hundred
12 thirty-nine-y of the real property law.
13 (f) "Brooklyn marine terminal project facilities" shall mean the
14 facilities consisting of approximately one hundred twenty-two acres in
15 the city of New York, county of Kings, state of New York established
16 pursuant to the Brooklyn marine terminal project undertaken by New York
17 state urban development corporation and Brooklyn marine terminal devel-
18 opment corporation, a not-for-profit corporation, but excluding the
19 areas thereof developed or to be developed for private residential,
20 commercial or industrial use pursuant to a lease, sublease or similar
21 agreement with Brooklyn marine terminal development corporation which
22 areas may be inclusive of any easement area granted in connection with
23 such development.
24 (g) "Brooklyn marine terminal project" shall mean the Brooklyn marine
25 terminal project facilities consisting of approximately one hundred
26 twenty-two acres in the city of New York, county of Kings, state of New
27 York established pursuant to the Brooklyn marine terminal project and
28 the general project plan upon the adoption thereof by New York state
29 urban development corporation and Brooklyn marine terminal development
30 corporation, a not-for-profit corporation, as such general project plan
31 may be further amended, modified or supplemented.
32 (h) "Qualified leasehold condominium" shall have the same meaning as
33 used in section three hundred thirty-nine-e of the real property law.
34 2. With respect to each underlying parcel which is owned in fee by New
35 York state urban development corporation and is exempt from real proper-
36 ty taxes pursuant to this act or otherwise, the residential lease for
37 such underlying parcel shall provide for the payment by the tenant under
38 such residential lease of annual or other periodic amounts equal to the
39 amount of real property taxes that otherwise would be paid or payable
40 with respect to such underlying parcel, after giving effect to any real
41 property tax abatements and exemptions, if any, which would be applica-
42 ble thereto, if New York state urban development corporation was not the
43 owner.
44 3. With respect to all parcels owned by New York state urban develop-
45 ment corporation and Brooklyn marine terminal development corporation
46 that do not constitute an underlying parcel and are exempt from real
47 property taxes pursuant to this act or otherwise, the lease, sublease or
48 other agreement for such parcel or any portion thereof may provide for
49 the payment by the lessee (or sublessee) under such lease, sublease or
50 other agreement of annual or other periodic amounts in lieu of real
51 property taxes that otherwise would be paid or payable with respect to
52 such parcel, after giving effect to any real property tax abatements and
53 exemptions, if any, which would be applicable thereto, if New York state
54 urban development corporation was not the owner.
55 4. In addition, the lease, sublease or other agreement for each parcel
56 or any portion thereof may provide for the payment of interest by the
S. 9008--A 96 A. 10008--A
1 unit owner and any lessee (or sublessee) of a parcel (or a portion ther-
2 eof) for amounts overdue, as of the dates and in the same amounts
3 provided for the payment of overdue real property taxes in the city of
4 New York.
5 5. Payments received pursuant to this section, and all interest and
6 earnings thereon, shall be from the period commencing on the effective
7 date of this section, used to improve, operate and maintain Brooklyn
8 marine terminal project facilities unless otherwise agreed to be used
9 for the other public purposes specified in such agreements as may from
10 time to time be entered into between Brooklyn marine terminal develop-
11 ment corporation, the city of New York and the state of New York by an
12 entity designated by the governor.
13 6. Any state or city agency, department or authority to the extent
14 authorized under applicable law may render such services within their
15 functions, such as the collection and enforcement of payments owed
16 pursuant to this section, as may be requested.
17 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.
18 PART
19 Section 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as
20 the "Long Island MacArthur Airport terminal and rail integration project
21 act".
22 § 2. For the purposes of this act, the following terms shall have the
23 following meanings:
24 1. "Airport" shall mean the Long Island MacArthur Airport owned by and
25 located in the town.
26 2. "Developer lessee" shall mean, in conformity with the requirements
27 of this act, a private entity, which may be a joint venture or other
28 legal entity, acting as a lessee, concessionaire, and/or licensee with
29 respect to the real property and any improvements thereon on which it
30 may undertake the project.
31 3. "Lease and development agreement" shall mean an agreement, includ-
32 ing a lease, concession, license, and/or sub-lease of real property and
33 any improvements thereon, made between the town and a developer lessee
34 pursuant to subdivision 5 of section 352 of the general municipal law,
35 including for the Long Island MacArthur Airport terminal and rail inte-
36 gration project.
37 4. "Long Island MacArthur Airport terminal and rail integration
38 project" or "project" shall mean, in conformity with the requirements of
39 this act, any and all phases of planning, development, financing,
40 design, demolition, construction, expansion, improvements, operation,
41 maintenance, and/or repair, which are undertaken, in whole or in part,
42 under a lease, concession, and/or license for the improvement of the
43 airport through development of a north passenger terminal, and any
44 necessary or desirable facilities or improvements for such terminal and
45 associated aviation or non-aviation purposes, including an intermodal
46 interconnection to the Long Island Rail Road Ronkonkoma station.
47 5. "Private design-build contract" shall mean, in conformity with the
48 requirements of this act, a contract for the design and construction of
49 the project between a developer lessee and a single contractor entity,
50 which itself may be a joint venture or other legal entity comprised of
51 separate entities.
52 6. "Project labor agreement" shall mean a pre-hire collective bargain-
53 ing agreement between a contractor and a bona fide building and
54 construction trade labor organization establishing the labor organiza-
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1 tion as the collective bargaining representative for all persons who
2 will perform work on a project, and which provides that only contractors
3 and subcontractors who sign a pre-negotiated agreement with the labor
4 organization can perform project work.
5 7. "Town" shall mean the town of Islip in the county of Suffolk.
6 § 3. Notwithstanding sections 103 and 350 of the general municipal
7 law, section 222 of the town law, or the provisions of any other law to
8 the contrary, in conformity with the requirements of this act, the town
9 may under the terms of a lease and development agreement permit a devel-
10 oper lessee, within the scope of its lease, concession, and/or license
11 rights, to undertake the project, whether utilizing the design-bid-
12 build, design-build, or other delivery method otherwise permitted by the
13 law, without such lease and development agreement, or any resulting
14 private design-build contract or other contracts for design or
15 construction of the project entered into, directly or indirectly, by a
16 developer lessee, being deemed to be a contract for public work, includ-
17 ing for purposes of section 103 of the general municipal law or other-
18 wise requiring procurement and award separate and apart from the
19 procurement and award of any lease and development agreement.
20 § 4. A lease and development agreement entered into pursuant to this
21 act shall:
22 1. be awarded by the town to a responsive and responsible entity that
23 is otherwise selected as developer lessee in accordance with law; and
24 2. require performance of a project labor agreement consistent with
25 the provisions of section 222 of the labor law in connection with any
26 resulting private design-build contract.
27 § 5. Nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit the town from
28 negotiating the terms and conditions of a lease and development agree-
29 ment.
30 § 6. Neither any lease and development agreement, nor any private
31 design-build contract or other contracts for design or construction of
32 the project entered into, directly or indirectly, by a developer lessee,
33 in each case pursuant to this act shall be construed to be a violation
34 of section 6512 of the education law.
35 § 7. Nothing in this act shall be construed to exempt a project under-
36 taken by the town pursuant to this act from the requirements of article
37 8 of the environmental conservation law.
38 § 8. Nothing contained in this act shall limit the right or obligation
39 of the town to comply with the provisions of any existing contract,
40 including any existing contract with or for the benefit of the holders
41 of the obligations of the town, or to award contracts as otherwise
42 provided by law.
43 § 9. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however that if
44 the town has not entered into a lease and development agreement as
45 provided under this act on or before 10 years after such date, this act
46 shall expire and be deemed repealed 10 years after such effective date;
47 and provided, further, that, the town of Islip, in the county of
48 Suffolk, shall notify the legislative bill drafting commission upon the
49 occurrence of such town entering into a lease and development agreement
50 as provided under this act in order that the commission may maintain an
51 accurate and timely effective data base of the official text of the laws
52 of the state of New York in furtherance of effectuating the provisions
53 of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the public
54 officers law.
55 § 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi-
56 sion, section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of
S. 9008--A 98 A. 10008--A
1 competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect,
2 impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in
3 its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section
4 or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg-
5 ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of
6 the legislature that this act would have been enacted even if such
7 invalid provisions had not been included herein.
8 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately provided, however, that
9 the applicable effective date of Parts A through LL of this act shall be
10 as specifically set forth in the last section of such Parts.
