Establishes in the city of New York a bicycle lane safety program to enforce certain restrictions on the use of protected bicycle lanes by means of bicycle lane photo devices.
STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
5008
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
IN SENATE
February 18, 2025
___________
Introduced by Sens. HOYLMAN-SIGAL, BRISPORT, GONZALEZ, KRUEGER, SALAZAR
-- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to
the Committee on Transportation
AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to the estab-
lishment in the city of New York of a bicycle lane safety program; and
providing for the repeal of such provisions upon expiration thereof
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-bly, do enact as follows:
1 Section 1. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new
2 section 1111-i to read as follows:
3 § 1111-i. Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with bicy-
4 cle lane restrictions. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of
5 law, the city of New York is hereby authorized and empowered to estab-
6 lish a bicycle lane safety program imposing monetary liability on the
7 owner of a motor vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply
8 with bicycle lane restrictions in such city in accordance with the
9 provisions of this section. The New York city department of transporta-
10 tion, for purposes of the implementation of such program, shall install
11 and operate bicycle lane photo devices on, within or in close proximity
12 to protected bicycle lanes. Bicycle lane photo devices may be activated
13 at locations as determined by such department of transportation;
14 provided, however, that there shall be no more than fifty bicycle lane
15 photo devices located within such city.
16 2. The city of New York shall adopt and enforce measures to protect
17 the privacy of drivers, passengers, pedestrians and cyclists whose iden-
18 tity and identifying information may be captured by a bicycle lane photo
19 device. Such measures shall include:
20 (i) utilization of necessary technologies to ensure, to the extent
21 practicable, that images produced by a bicycle lane photo device shall
22 not include images that identify the driver, the passengers, or the
23 contents of the motor vehicle, provided, however, that no notice of
EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[] is old law to be omitted.
LBD00071-01-5
S. 5008 2
1 liability issued pursuant to this section shall be dismissed solely
2 because an image allows for the identification of the driver, the
3 passengers or other contents of a motor vehicle;
4 (ii) a prohibition on the use or dissemination of motor vehicles'
5 license plate information and other information and images captured by a
6 bicycle lane photo device except: (A) as required to establish liability
7 under this section or collect payment of penalties; (B) as required by
8 court order; or (C) as otherwise required by law;
9 (iii) the installation of signage at regular intervals within
10 protected bicycle lanes stating that bicycle lane photo devices are used
11 to enforce restrictions on vehicular traffic in such bicycle lanes; and
12 (iv) oversight procedures to ensure compliance with the aforementioned
13 privacy protection measures.
14 3. Bicycle lane photo devices shall only be operated on, within or in
15 close proximity to protected bicycle lanes. Warning notices of
16 violation will be issued during the first sixty days that bicycle lane
17 photo devices are operated on, within or in close proximity to each
18 protected bicycle lane in the bicycle lane safety program.
19 (b) If the city of New York has established a bicycle lane safety
20 program pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a
21 motor vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this
22 section if such motor vehicle was used or operated with the permission
23 of the owner, express or implied, in violation of any bicycle lane
24 restrictions that apply to protected bicycle lanes within such program,
25 and such violation is evidenced by information obtained from a bicycle
26 lane photo device; provided, however, that no owner of a motor vehicle
27 shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section where the
28 operator of such motor vehicle has been convicted of the underlying
29 violation of any bicycle lane restrictions.
30 (c) For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the
31 following meanings:
32 1. "owner" shall have the meaning provided in article two-B of this
33 chapter.
34 2. "bicycle lane" shall have the meaning provided in article one of
35 this chapter.
36 3. "bicycle lane photo device" shall mean a device that is capable of
37 operating independently of an enforcement officer and produces one or
38 more images of each motor vehicle at the time it is in violation of any
39 bicycle lane restriction.
40 4. "bicycle lane restriction" shall mean a restriction on the use of a
41 designated traffic lane by motor vehicles other than bicycles imposed on
42 any roadway or bicycle lane by local law and signs erected by the New
43 York city department of transportation.
44 5. "bicycle lane safety program" shall mean any roadway designated by
45 the New York city department of transportation that operates on or adja-
46 cent to any protected bicycle lane and that may include upgraded
47 signage, enhanced road markings, traffic signal priority for bicycles,
48 and any other enhancement that increases the safety of cyclists.
49 6. "protected bicycle lane" shall mean a bicycle lane that is desig-
50 nated for the exclusive use of bicycles and is designated as part of the
51 bicycle lane safety program as determined by the New York city depart-
52 ment of transportation. Protected bicycle lane shall include any bicy-
53 cle lane which is physically separated from the roadway by curbing,
54 bollards, or other barrier.
55 (d) A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a technician employed by
56 the city of New York in which the charged violation occurred, or a
S. 5008 3
1 facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of photographs, microphoto-
2 graphs, videotape or other recorded images produced by a bicycle lane
3 photo device, shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained ther-
4 ein. Any photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded
5 images evidencing such a violation shall be available for inspection in
6 any proceeding to adjudicate the liability for such violation pursuant
7 to this section.
8 (e) An owner liable for a violation of a bicycle lane restriction
9 imposed on any roadway within the bicycle lane safety program shall be
10 liable for monetary penalties in accordance with a schedule of fines and
11 penalties promulgated by the parking violations bureau of the city of
12 New York; provided, however, that the monetary penalty for violating a
13 bicycle lane restriction shall not exceed fifty dollars; provided,
14 further, that an owner shall be liable for an additional penalty not to
15 exceed twenty-five dollars for each violation for the failure to respond
16 to a notice of liability within the prescribed time period.
17 (f) An imposition of liability pursuant to this section shall not be
18 deemed a conviction of an operator and shall not be made part of the
19 operating record of the person upon whom such liability is imposed, nor
20 shall it be used for insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehi-
21 cle insurance coverage.
22 (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first class mail to each
23 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of a bicycle
24 lane restriction. Personal delivery to the owner shall not be required.
25 A manual or automatic record of mailing prepared in the ordinary course
26 of business shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained there-
27 in.
28 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the
29 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of a bicycle
30 lane restriction, the registration number of the motor vehicle involved
31 in such violation, the location where such violation took place includ-
32 ing the street address or cross streets, one or more images identifying
33 the violation, the date and time of such violation and the identifica-
34 tion number of the bicycle lane photo device which recorded the
35 violation or other document locator number.
36 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the
37 person charged of the manner and the time in which such person may
38 contest the liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability
39 shall also contain a warning to advise the person charged that failure
40 to contest in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission
41 of liability and that a default judgment may be entered thereon.
42 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the agency
43 or agencies designated by the city of New York, or any other entity
44 authorized by such city to prepare and mail such notification of
45 violation.
46 5. Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners by this section
47 shall be by the New York city parking violations bureau.
48 (h) If an owner of a motor vehicle receives a notice of liability
49 pursuant to this section for any time period during which such motor
50 vehicle was reported to the police department as having been stolen, it
51 shall be a valid defense to an allegation of liability for a violation
52 of a bicycle lane restriction that the motor vehicle had been reported
53 to the police as stolen prior to the time the violation occurred and had
54 not been recovered by such time. For purposes of asserting the defense
55 provided by this subdivision it shall be sufficient that a certified
S. 5008 4
1 copy of the police report on the stolen motor vehicle be sent by first
2 class mail to the New York city parking violations bureau.
3 (i) 1. An owner who is a lessor of a motor vehicle to which a notice
4 of liability was issued pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section
5 shall not be liable for the violation of a bicycle lane restriction,
6 provided that:
7 (i) prior to the violation, the lessor has filed with such parking
8 violations bureau in accordance with the provisions of section two
9 hundred thirty-nine of this chapter, and
10 (ii) within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from such bureau
11 of the date and time of a liability, together with the other information
12 contained in the original notice of liability, the lessor submits to
13 such bureau the correct name and address of the lessee of the motor
14 vehicle identified in the notice of liability at the time of such
15 violation, together with such other additional information contained in
16 the rental, lease or other contract document, as may be reasonably
17 required by such bureau pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated
18 for such purpose.
19 2. Failure to comply with subparagraph (ii) of paragraph one of this
20 subdivision shall render the lessor liable for the penalty prescribed in
21 this section.
22 3. Where the lessor complies with the provisions of paragraph one of
23 this subdivision, the lessee of such motor vehicle on the date of such
24 violation shall be deemed to be the owner of such motor vehicle for
25 purposes of this section, shall be subject to liability for such
26 violation pursuant to this section and shall be sent a notice of liabil-
27 ity pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section.
28 (j) If the owner liable for a violation of a bicycle lane restriction
29 was not the operator of the motor vehicle at the time of the violation,
30 the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against the opera-
31 tor.
32 (k) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability
33 of an operator of a motor vehicle for any violation of bicycle lane
34 restrictions.
35 (l) If the city of New York adopts a bicycle lane safety program
36 pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, it shall submit a report on
37 the results of the use of bicycle lane photo devices to the governor,
38 the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assembly
39 within two years of the adoption of such bicycle lane safety program and
40 every two years thereafter. Such report shall include, but not be limit-
41 ed to:
42 1. a description of the locations where bicycle lane photo devices
43 were used;
44 2. the total number of violations recorded on a monthly and annual
45 basis;
46 3. the total number of notices of liability issued;
47 4. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first
48 notice of liability;
49 5. the number of violations adjudicated and results of such adjudi-
50 cations including breakdowns of dispositions made;
51 6. the total amount of revenue realized by the city of New York;
52 7. the quality of the adjudication process and its results;
53 8. the total number of bicycle lane photo devices by type of device;
54 9. the total cost to the city of New York; and
S. 5008 5
1 10. a detailed report on the number of accidents involving cyclists in
2 protected bicycle lanes before and after implementation of the bicycle
3 lane safety program, including current statistics.
4 (m) Any revenue from fines and penalties collected pursuant to this
5 section from a bicycle lane photo device that was authorized to be
6 installed and used pursuant to this section shall be remitted by the
7 city of New York to the New York city department of transportation on a
8 quarterly basis to be deposited in the general transportation account of
9 the New York city transportation assistance fund established pursuant to
10 section twelve hundred seventy-i of the public authorities law.
11 § 2. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
12 have become a law and shall expire 5 years after such date when upon
13 such date the provisions of this act shall be deemed repealed. Effective
14 immediately, the addition, amendment and/or repeal of any rule or regu-
15 lation necessary for the implementation of this act on its effective
16 date are authorized to be made on or before such date.
