STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
6545
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
IN ASSEMBLY
March 6, 2025
___________
Introduced by M. of A. ZACCARO -- read once and referred to the Commit-
tee on Consumer Affairs and Protection
AN ACT to amend the general business law, in relation to imposing
liability for damages caused by a chatbot impersonating licensed
professionals
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-bly, do enact as follows:
1 Section 1. The general business law is amended by adding a new section
2 390-f to read as follows:
3 § 390-f. Liability for chatbot responses. 1. As used in this section,
4 the following terms shall have the following meanings:
5 (a) "Chatbot" shall mean an artificial intelligence system, software
6 program, or technological application that simulates human-like conver-
7 sation and interaction through text messages, voice commands, or a
8 combination thereof to provide information and services to users.
9 (b) "Proprietor" refers to any person, business, company, organiza-
10 tion, institution or government entity that owns, operates or deploys a
11 chatbot system used to interact with users. Proprietors shall not
12 include third-party developers that license their chatbot technology to
13 a proprietor.
14 2. (a) A proprietor of a chatbot shall not permit such chatbot to
15 provide any substantive response, information, or advice, or take any
16 action:
17 (i) which, if taken by a natural person, would constitute a crime
18 under section sixty-five hundred twelve or sixty-five hundred thirteen
19 of the education law; or
20 (ii) providing any medical or psychological advice.
21 (b) A proprietor may not waive or disclaim this liability merely by
22 notifying consumers that they are interacting with a non-human chatbot
23 system.
EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[] is old law to be omitted.
LBD10388-01-5
A. 6545 2
1 3. A person may bring a civil action to recover actual damages and, if
2 it is found that such proprietor has willfully violated this section,
3 the violator shall be liable for actual damages together with costs and
4 reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements incurred by the person
5 bringing such action.
6 4. Proprietors utilizing chatbots shall provide clear, conspicuous and
7 explicit notice to users that they are interacting with an artificial
8 intelligence chatbot program. The text of the notice shall appear in the
9 same language the chatbot is using and in a size easily readable by the
10 average viewer and no smaller than the largest font size of other text
11 appearing on the website on which the chatbot is utilized.
12 § 2. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
13 have become a law.
