Requires publishers of books created wholly or partially with the use of generative artificial intelligence to disclose such use of generative artificial intelligence before the completion of such sale; applies to all printed and digital books consisting of text, pictures, audio, puzzles, games or any combination thereof.
NEW YORK STATE ASSEMBLY MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT OF LEGISLATION submitted in accordance with Assembly Rule III, Sec 1(f)
BILL NUMBER: A8098A
SPONSOR: Rivera TITLE OF BILL:
An act to amend the general business law, in relation to requiring
publishers of books created with the use of generative artificial intel-
ligence to contain a disclosure of such use
PURPOSE OR GENERAL IDEA OF BILL:
This bill would require publishers. to disclose whether any portion of a
book was published with the use of generative artificial intelligence
software to provide transparency to consumers making purchasing deci-
sions.
SUMMARY OF SPECIFIC PROVISIONS:
Section 1. Adds a new section, 338-al. to the general business law to
require conspicuous disclosure of books wholly or partially created
through the use of generative artificial intelligence.
Section 2. Establishes the effective date.
JUSTIFICATION:
The use of generative artificial intelligence, or "Al", has proven to be
disruptive to many industries in a very short time, leading to uncer-
tainty about how it will affect the field of education. Technological
advancements have allowed for AI to be used as a pathway to generate
income regardless of impact on the end-user. Copy (written material) and
art are being used to AI generate entire books with limited editorial
oversight as a result of self-publishing becoming accessible to the
average. person. Bowker, the official agency in the United States which
has authority to issue International Standard Book Numbers or "ISBNs",
estimates that almost 15 million books have been self-published since
2011, but over 12 million of those or 81% were published after 2017.
As this new technology becomes interwoven into the publishing world,
consumers deserve full transparency about who (or what) wrote, illus-
trated, or otherwise designed the books they are buying for themselves,
their children, their students, or new language learners. This technol-
ogy could have alarming effects on children's literacy as written books,
audio books, coloring books, and other learning tools are being produced
with experimental models that may not fully conform with developmental
or language standards, and have no editor vetting the material. A
conspicuous disclaimer on the cover of books generated using AI will
allow consumers to make informed choices for their families or communi-
ty.
PRIOR LEGISLATIVE HISTORY:
New bill
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS:
No immediate fiscal impact.
EFFECTIVE DATE:
This law shall take effect on the 60th day after it shall have become
law.
STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
8098--A
2023-2024 Regular Sessions
IN ASSEMBLY
September 29, 2023
___________
Introduced by M. of A. RIVERA -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Consumer Affairs and Protection -- committee discharged, bill
amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said commit-
tee
AN ACT to amend the general business law, in relation to requiring
publishers of books created with the use of generative artificial
intelligence to contain a disclosure of such use
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-bly, do enact as follows:
1 Section 1. The general business law is amended by adding a new section
2 338 to read as follows:
3 § 338. Publishing of books; generative artificial intelligence disclo-
4 sure. 1. Any book that was wholly or partially created through the use
5 of generative artificial intelligence, published in this state, shall
6 conspicuously disclose upon the cover of the book, that such book was
7 created with the use of generative artificial intelligence.
8 2. Books subject to the provisions of this section shall include, but
9 not be limited to, all printed and digital books, regardless of such
10 books' target age group or audience, consisting of text, pictures,
11 audio, puzzles, games or any combination thereof.
12 3. For the purposes of this section, "generative artificial intelli-
13 gence" shall mean the use of machine learning technology, software,
14 automation, and algorithms to perform tasks, to make rules and/or
15 predictions based on existing data sets and instructions, including, but
16 not limited to:
17 (a) Any artificial system that performs tasks under varying and unpre-
18 dictable circumstances without significant human oversight, or that can
19 learn from experience and improve performance when exposed to data sets;
20 (b) An artificial system developed in computer software, physical
21 hardware, or other context that solves tasks requiring human-like
EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[] is old law to be omitted.
LBD11890-03-3
A. 8098--A 2
1 perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or physical
2 action;
3 (c) An artificial system designed to think or act like a human,
4 including cognitive architectures and neural networks;
5 (d) A set of techniques, including machine learning, that is designed
6 to approximate a cognitive task; and/or
7 (e) An artificial system designed to act rationally, including an
8 intelligent software agent or embodied robot that achieves goals using
9 perception, planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision
10 making, and acting.
11 § 2. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall
12 have become a law.
